General Relativity without Curved Space-Time (₲R)

The theory of general relativity is related to the concept of curvature of space- time induced by the presence of the massive objects. We will see through this paper that the general relativity can be linked with linear Algebra and Vector Analysis without the need for concept of space-time. This is important for the unification of general relativity with quantum mechanics, gravity with electromagnetic, and a better understanding of the universe, gravity, black holes. The most important is the separation between the space-time and the big bang theory, which prove the existence of space-time before that, which leads to the existence of the creator of the universe.

Symmetry in Equations of Motion between the Atomic and Astronomical Models

In this paper, we are going to find out a simple way yet extraordinary to the equation of motion of electric charge under the influence of a central force. We’ll find that it is the same as the formula of the common equation of motion in the theory of general relativity which controls the motion of planets around the sun;thus, every electron orbiting around the nucleus has a perihelion which revolves same as Mercury perihelion yet faster 2000 times according to Hydrogen atom, assuming that hydrogen has a perihelion. That is to say, when Mercury perihelion takes three million years to complete a full cycle around the sun, we find that Hydrogen perihelion (here we mean the classical model of atom, not quantitative model of it) revolves around the nucleus at 1.05 × 1012 cycle per second. In addition, the radiation passing near the nucleus deviates same as the deflection of light passing near the sun yet with a greater value according to how close the radiation is from the nucleus, as shown in the discussion. We discussed briefly (but differently) the definition of black holes to affirm symmetry principle between the atomic and astronomical models. Symmetry in equations of motion of a body in the atomic and astronomical models indicates that the Advance of Mercury’s Perihelion, deflection of light passing near the sun, and the definition of black holes are the ABCs of classical physics;however, they are not considered as reliable evidences on the soundness of the principle on which the theory of general relativity is built on, in the presence of a contradiction between the definition of gravity in the general relativity and in the electromagnetic theory.

Old Mechanics, Gravity, Electromagnetics and Relativity in One Theory: Part I

This paper research is the first part of the scientific theory that seeks to unify the sciences of physics with the minimal number of mathematical formulas as possible. We will prove that all equations of forces in nature can be concised in two mathematical formulas, no difference between gravitational or electrical forces or any other type of Types of conventional forces, and through the equivalence of the concepts of matrix and vector, in this theory we will be linking the four-dimensional forces equations with the classical physics as an introduction to connect the rest of the physical sciences.

The Relation between Thermodynamics and Gravitational Constant (<i>G</i>)

Although many centuries have elapsed since Newton set forth his gravitational law, physics has been unable so far to create an exact theoretical value for the universal gravitational constant (G). Through a simple thought experience (i.e. it may not be possible to perform it), it can be concluded a mathematical formula which links three different physical sciences with each other: mechanics, electromagnetism and thermodynamics in a simple form, it is possible to find an exact value for the gravitational constant using this form. In fact, the importance of this research is that it also tells us more information about the electromagnetic and gravitomagnetic origin of masses, the negative and positive masses (i.e. matter and dark matter), and the smallest possible distance in the universe, which equals 1.0252 × 10-56 m.

New Way to Calculate Ricci Tensor and Ricci Scalar

In the theory of general relativity, the finding of the Einstein Field Equation happens in a complex mathematical operation, a process we don’t need any more. Through a new theory in vector analysis, we’ll see that we can calculate the components of the Ricci tensor, Ricci scalar, and Einstein Field Equation directly in an easy way without the need to use general relativity theory hypotheses, principles, and symbols. Formulating the general relativity theory through another theory will make it easier to understand this relativity theory and will help combining it with electromagnetic theory and quantum mechanics easily.

Precise Ideal Value of the Universal Gravitational Constant G

In this paper, we are going to rely on the first law in physics through which we can obtain a precise ideal value of the universal gravitational constant, a thing which has not happened so far. The significance of this law lies in the fact that, besides determining a precise ideal value of the gravitational constant, it connects three different physical disciplines together, which are mechanics, electromagnetism and thermodynamics. It is what distinguishes this from other law. Through this law, we have created the theoretical value of the gravitational constant Gi and we found it equivalent to 6.674010551359 × 10-11 m3&#183kg-1&#183s-2. In the discussion, the table of measurements of the gravitational constant was divided into three groups, and the average value of the first group G1 which is the best precision, equals the following sum 6.67401×10-11 m3&#183kg-1&#183s-2, and it’s the same equal value to the ideal value Gi that results from the law, as shown through our research that any other experimental values must not exceed the relative standard uncertainty which has a certain amount that is equivalent to a value of 5.325×10-5 and that’s a square value of the fine-structure constant.