Thermal Front Variability during the El Nino Southern Oscillation (ENSO) in the Banda Sea Using Remotely Sensed Data

The Banda Sea is one of the routes of global ocean currents that move from the Pacific Ocean to the Indian Ocean.This flow is known as Indonesian Through Flow(ITF).The Banda Sea is an area where warm and cold water masses meet,so it has the potential for a thermal front.This study aims to understand the variability of thermal front in the Banda Sea during the El Nino Southern Oscillation period.Southern Oscillation Index(SOI)and sea surface temperature(SST)data in 2010,2012 and 2015 were used in this study.SOI data was obtained from http://www.bom.gov.au and SST data were obtained from http://oceancolor.gsfc.nasa.gov.The data were processed using ArcGIS 10.4 software and Ms.Office 2013.The results showed the La Nina period occurs in July-December 2010,the Normal period occurs in July-December 2012,and the El Nino period occurs in May-October 2015.In general,during La Nina,the mean SST has higher values than the other periods.On the other hand,the highest thermal front occurs during the El Niño period(10584),followed by the Normal period(7544)and the lowest during the La Niña period(5961),respectively.

Preliminary Findings on Distribution of Bali Sardinella (Sardinella lemuru) in Relation to Oceanographic Conditions during Southeast Monsoon in Bali Strait Using Remotely Sensed Data

Bali sardinella (Sardinella lemuru) is the main fishing catches in Bali Strait. The distribution of S. lemuru and its preferred oceanographic condition were investigated from remotely sensed data. The objectives of this study were to elucidate the distribution of S. lemuru and the preferred oceanographic condition of S. lemuru in Bali Strait using remotely sensed data. Sea surface temperature (SST) and sea surface chlorophyll-a (chl-a) were downloaded from ocean colour website meanwhile the fishing location generated from daily Visible Infrared Imaging Radiometer Suite (VIIRS) boat detection (VDB), downloaded from NOAA website. The results showed that at the beginning of southeast monsoon (April), most of the fishing location appeared in the north part of Bali Strait, and moved to south part of Bali Strait at the end of the southeast monsoon (September). The results also revealed that most of fishing location of S. lemuru located in SST value of 26℃– 30℃ and chl-a value of 0.3 – 0.8 mg/m3. Integration VDB data and oceanographic condition generated from remotely sensed data could form the basis for fisheries management and information system, such as S. lemuru in Bali Strait, in the future.