Homopterocarpin contributes to the restoration of gastric homeostasis by Pterocarpus erinaceus following indomethacin intoxication in rats

Objective:To investigate the restorative effect of Pterocarpus erinaceus(P.erinaceus) and homopterocarpin.an isoflavonoid isolated from it.on indomethacin-indueed disruption in gastric homeostasis in rats.Methods:Adult rats were dn ided into five groups and lasted for 48 h before treatment.Group I received olive oil(vehicle),group 2 received 25 ing/kg indomethaein while groups 3-5 received cimetidine(100 mg/kg).lioniopterocarpin(25 mg/kg) and P.erinaceus ethanolie stem hark extract(100 mg/kg) respectively.After 1 h.all the groups except group 2 were administered 25 mg/kg of indomethacin.One hour later,the rats were sacrificed and the ulcer index and other gaslroprotective indices were evaluated.Results:Indomethacin caused significant injury to the stomach of the rats as reflected in the ulcer indices(9.0±1.4) as compared with that of control(2.0±0.0).Equally,there were significant increases in gastric acid concentration and malondialdehvde level in the stomachs of the ulcerated animals compared with the control.However mucus content,reduced gluthatione level and gastric pH were significantly reduced in the ulcerated animals compared with the control.Pretreatment with either Pterocarpus bark extract or homopterocarpin reversed the effects of indomethaein on the evaluated parameters.Conclusions:These results indicate that both homopterocarpin and Plerocarpus extract offered gastroprotection against indomethacin-induced ulcer by antioxidative mechanism and the modulation of gastric homeostasis.The results also suggest that homopterocarpin might he responsible for.or contribute to the antiulcerogenic property of P.erinaceus.

Reversal of acetaminophen-generated oxidative stress and concomitant hepatotoxicity by a phytopharmaceutical product

The increasing popularity of herbal medicine and the well-established health benefits of phytochemicals have spurred the multiplicity of nutraceutical and phytopharmaceutical products.In this study,Trévo^TM,a nutraceutical and phytopharmaceutical product,was evaluated for beneficial effects in acetaminophen-induced hepatic toxicity in Wistar rats.Animals received Trévo^TM(1.5 mL/kg,3.0 mL/kg or 4.5 mL/kg)orally for 14 days.Hepatotoxicity was induced by the oral administration of acetaminophen(2 g/kg),24 h prior to sacrifice.Biochemical liver function tests,oxidative stress indicators and histoarchitectural changes were evaluated.Acetaminophen administration occasioned significant increase(P<0.05)in serum bilirubin level and activities of the aminotransferases,alkaline phosphatase,γ-glutamyltransferase and lactate dehydrogenase accompanied by a significant decrease(P<0.05)in albumin level as well as histopathological alterations in liver sections.Promotion of hepatic oxidative stress by acetaminophen was revealed by significant(P<0.05)increase in lipid peroxidation,depletion of reduced glutathione,and decrease in superoxide dismutase and catalase activities.Administration of Trévo^TM remarkably ameliorated acetaminophen-induced histopathological alterations and changes in serum and tissue biochemical markers.The protective effect of Trévo^TM(4.5 mL/kg)was at par with that of Silymarin(25 mg/kg).The present study indicates that Trévo^TM has notable salubrious effects.