Advancing PCB Quality Control:Harnessing YOLOv8 Deep Learning for Real-Time Fault Detection

Printed Circuit Boards(PCBs)are materials used to connect components to one another to form a working circuit.PCBs play a crucial role in modern electronics by connecting various components.The trend of integrating more components onto PCBs is becoming increasingly common,which presents significant challenges for quality control processes.Given the potential impact that even minute defects can have on signal traces,the surface inspection of PCB remains pivotal in ensuring the overall system integrity.To address the limitations associated with manual inspection,this research endeavors to automate the inspection process using the YOLOv8 deep learning algorithm for real-time fault detection in PCBs.Specifically,we explore the effectiveness of two variants of the YOLOv8 architecture:YOLOv8 Small and YOLOv8 Nano.Through rigorous experimentation and evaluation of our dataset which was acquired from Peking University’s Human-Robot Interaction Lab,we aim to assess the suitability of these models for improving fault detection accuracy within the PCB manufacturing process.Our results reveal the remarkable capabilities of YOLOv8 Small models in accurately identifying and classifying PCB faults.The model achieved a precision of 98.7%,a recall of 99%,an accuracy of 98.6%,and an F1 score of 0.98.These findings highlight the potential of the YOLOv8 Small model to significantly improve the quality control processes in PCB manufacturing by providing a reliable and efficient solution for fault detection.

Vibration Annihilation of Sandwiched Beam with MROF DTSMC

In the present paper, an analytical model of a flexible beam fixed at an end with embedded shear sensors and actuators is developed. The smart cantilever beam model is evolved using a piezoelectric sandwich beam element, which accommodates sensor and actuator embedded at distinct locations and a regular sandwiched beam element, having rigid foam at the core. A FE model of a piezoelectric sandwich beam is evolved using laminated beam theory in MATLAB?. Each layer behaves as a Timoshenko beam and the cross-section of the beam remains plane and rotates about the neutral axis of the beam, but it does not remain normal to the deformed longitudinal axis. Keeping the sensor and actuator location fixed in a MIMO system, state space models of the smart cantilever beam is obtained. The proper selection of control strategy is very crucial in order to obtain the better control. In this paper a DSM controller designed to control the first three modes of vibration of the smart cantilever beam and their performances are represented on the basis of control signal input, sensor output and sliding functions. It is found that DSM controller provides superior control than other conventional controllers and also MROF DSM controller is much better than SISO DSM controller.