Dietary sources and levels of selenium supplements affect growth performance,carcass yield,meat quality and tissue selenium deposition in broilers

This study examined the effects of sources and levels of selenium(Se)on performance,carcass parts yield,meat quality and tissue Se concentration in broilers.A total of 960 one-day-old male broilers were divided into 8 treatments in a 4 x 2 factorial arrangement.Chicks were penned in groups of 20 with6 pens per group.Selenium sources were sodium selenite(SS),Se enriched yeast(SY),DLselenomethionine(SM)and nano-selenium(NS)and dietary supplemental Se levels were 0.1 and0.3 mg/kg diet.The average daily gain(ADG),average daily feed intake(ADFI),feed:gain ratio,mortality,and carcass parts yield were not affected by dietary treatments.The level of 0.3 mg/kg Se decreased lightness and increased yellowness of the breast and thighs(P<0.001).Nano-selenium improved yellowness,redness and meat quality(P<0.05).The interactive effects of sources and the levels of Se affected Se retention(P<0.001).Inorganic Se showed poor retention compared to other sources of Se;and NS showed equal retention with the organic sources.With consideration to meat quality responses,NS had a more signific:ant positive effect compared to SS as an inorganic source of Se.Overall,NS and organic sources of Se resulted in better meat quality compared with the inorganic source.Moreover,the highest Se retention percentage was achieved by supplementation of NS followed by organic sources at0.1 mg/kg compared to SS.

Pre-cecal phosphorus digestibility for corn, wheat, soybean meal,and corn gluten meal in growing Japanese quails from 28 to 32 d of age

The optimization of dietary phosphorus(P) depends on precise details of the P availability in feed ingredients to avoid excess or deficient P in a mixed diet. This study was carried out to measure the apparent ileal digestibility of P for corn, wheat, soybean meal, and corn gluten meal in growing Japanese quails from 28 to 32 d posthatch, A total of 400 quail chicks were randomly distributed across 5 treatments with 4 replicates and 20 birds in each floor pen. The P-free diet(PFD) was formulated based on cornstarch to measure the basal endogenous P losses(EPL). Digestibility coefficients were determined by ileal digesta sampling using TiO2 as an indigestible marker. The EPL was estimated at 384 mg/kg DMI. The apparent ileal P digestibility(AIPD) for corn, soybean meal, wheat, and corn gluten meal were determined to be 0.38.0.53, 0.38, and 0.78, respectively. The corresponding values for true ileal P digestibility(TIPD) were 0.48.0.61, 0.50, and 0.83, respectively. The t-test analysis showed that the difference of AIPD and TIPD values for corn(P = 0.031) and wheat(P = 0.015) were statistically significant, however, no significant differences were observed for corn gluten meal(P = 0.318) and soybean meal(P = 0.104). In conclusion, the correction of AIPD coefficients for EPL in low-P ingredients such as corn and wheat may be much more important than that in high-P feedstuffs such as corn gluten meal and soybean meal in growing quails.