Packed with pills-obstructing duodenal web in the setting of intestinal malrotation:A case report

BACKGROUND The incidence of intestinal malrotation in adults has been reported to only be about 0.2%.Duodenal web as a cause of intestinal obstruction is rare,with an incidence of about 1:20000-1:40000.Furthermore,when described,these conditions are usually seen in early life and very infrequently in adulthood.CASE SUMMARY We report a case of a middle-aged woman with intestinal malrotation who presented with a three-month history of right-sided abdominal pain,early satiety,and a 22-pound weight loss.Patient underwent an esophagogastroduodenoscopy,which demonstrated numerous retained pills in a deformed first portion of the duodenum,concerning for a partial gastric outlet obstruction.An upper gastrointestinal series showed marked distention of the proximal duodenum with retained debris and the presence of a windsock sign,increasing the suspicion of a duodenal web.The patient subsequently underwent surgical intervention where a duodenal web with two lumens was noted and resected,opening the duodenum.There were over 150 pill capsules that were removed.The patient is doing well after this intervention.CONCLUSION Both intestinal malrotation and duodenal webs are infrequently encountered in the adult population.These pathologies can also present with nonspecific abdominal symptoms such as chronic abdominal pain and nausea.Hence,providers might not consider these pathologies in the differential for patients who present with vague symptoms which can lead to delay in management and increased mortality and morbidity.

简易转速测量系统设计

介绍了一种基于定时器的转速测量系统的设计与开发。使用直流电动机的转轴来测量其转速,定时器IC 555用于不稳定模式。使用数字存储示波器(DSO)测量的定时器输出波形的频率几乎与转轴的转速成线性比例,而这个转速又与外部输入电压水平的变化成线性关系,由此得到了定时器输出波形频率与转速之间的线性关系。该系统的主要优点是线性输入-输出,体积小,便于携带且成本低。

Unreported complication of Bravo p H capsule dislodged into the pyriform sinus

We report an unexpected, previously unreported complication of Bravo p H capsule dislodgement. During Bravo p H testing of a 44-year-old man with gastroesophageal reflux disease, we were unable to endoscopically visualize the capsule attached to the esophageal wall after deployment. After multiple attempts to detect the capsule, it was visualized in the left pyriform sinus. As there was significant risk for pulmonary dislodgement, ENT and pulmonary physicians were immediately consulted to review options for safe removal. Ultimately, ENT successfully retrieved the capsule with a foreign body removal forceps. The Bravo p H test is generally a well-tolerated diagnostic tool used to confirm the presence of abnormal esophageal acid reflux. While few complications have been reported, technical difficulties can occur, including poor data reception, misplacement, and early dislodgement. Rarely, more serious complications can occur, ranging from esophageal wall trauma to capsule aspiration. Gastroenterologists performing this procedure should be aware of the low, but nontrivial, risk of complications.

基于光敏耦合定时器的压频转换器的实现（英文）

研制了基于定时器的压频转换器,电路主要由工作于非稳态多谐振荡器模式下的定时器LM555和两个光敏电阻构成。由于数字存储振荡器测得的定时器输出波频率与所施加的输入电压基本呈线性比例关系,所研制的转换器为类数字输出,因此具有线性输入/输出关系、体积小、易携带和高性价比等优点。此外,定时器输出波可以直接与PC机、微处理器或微控制器相连,不需要模/数转换器就能完成对输入电压信号的进一步处理。

State-of-the-art applications of machine learning in the life cycle of solid waste management

Due to the superiority of machine learning(ML)data processing,it is widely used in research of solid waste(SW).This study analyzed the research and developmental progress of the applications of ML in the life cycle of SW.Statistical analyses were undertaken on the literature published between 1985 and 2021 in the Science Citation Index Expanded and Social Sciences Citation Index to provide an overview of the progress.Based on the articles considered,a rapid upward trend from 1985 to 2021 was found and international cooperatives were found to have strengthened.The three topics of ML,namely,SW categories,ML algorithms,and specific applications,as applied to the life cycle of SW were discussed.ML has been applied during the entire SW process,thereby affecting its life cycle.ML was used to predict the generation and characteristics of SW,optimize its collection and transportation,and model the processing of its energy utilization.Finally,the current challenges of applying ML to SW and future perspectives were discussed.The goal is to achieve high economic and environmental benefits and carbon reduction during the life cycle of SW.ML plays an important role in the modernization and intellectualization of SW management.It is hoped that this work would be helpful to provide a constructive overview towards the state-of-the-art development of SW disposal.

A perspective review on the biosynthesis of plant-based secondary metabolites and their application as potent drugs

Many phytochemicals and their derived metabolites produced by plants are extensively employed in commercial goods,pharmaceutical products as well as in the environmental and medicalfields.However,these secondary metabolites obtained from plants are in low amounts,and it is difficult to synthesize them at the industrial level.Despite these challenges,they may be utilized for a variety of medicinal products that are either available in the market or are being researched and tested.Secondary metabolites are complex compounds that exhibit chirality.Further,under controlled conditions with elicitors,desired secondary metabolites may be produced from plant cell cultures.This review emphasizes the various aspects of secondary metabolites including their types,synthesis,and applications as medicinal products.The article aims to promote the use of plant secondary metabolites in the management and treatment of various diseases.