AIM:To determine the agreement of ocular biometric indices including axial length,keratometric readings,anterior chamber depth,and horizontal corneal diameter between the Pentacam AXL and IOL Master 500.METHODS:The st...AIM:To determine the agreement of ocular biometric indices including axial length,keratometric readings,anterior chamber depth,and horizontal corneal diameter between the Pentacam AXL and IOL Master 500.METHODS:The study was a large cross-sectional population-based study(Tehran Geriatric Eye Study)conducted from Jan 2019 to Jan 2020.A total of 160 clusters were randomly selected proportional to size(each cluster contained 20 individuals)from 22 strata of Tehran city.All people aged 60y and above were invited to participate in the study.For all participants,preliminary ocular examinations were performed including the measurement of uncorrected and best-corrected visual acuity,objective and subjective refraction,anterior and posterior segment examinations.All participants underwent an ocular biometry using the Pentacam AXL and IOL Master 500.RESULTS:The 95%limits of agreement(LoA)between the two devices were-0.13 to 0.19,-0.15 to 0.17,and-0.13 to 0.19 in normal,pseudophakic,and cataractous eyes,respectively.With increasing the axial length,the difference between the two devices significantly increased in all three groups of normal,pseudophakic,and cataractous eyes(P<0.001).The 95% LoAs between the two devices regarding the mean keratometry shows that the best LoAs were seen in cataractous(-0.33 to 0.81)and followed by normal eyes(-0.36 to 0.86)and the pseudophakic eyes(-0.48 to 0.90)had the widest LoA.The 95% LoAs for horizontal corneal diameter measurements were-0.08 to 0.86,-0.03 to 0.83,and-0.07 to 0.87 in normal,pseudophakic,and cataractous eyes,respectively.The 95% LoAs of anterior chamber depth measurements between the two devices was-0.39 to 0.19 and-0.37 to 0.13 in normal eyes and cataractous,respectively.CONCLUSION:The Pentacam AXL has excellent agreement with the gold standard,IOL Master 500 in measuring axial length.In eyes with cataracts,the difference between the two devices is more scattered.With the increasing of axial length,the difference between the two devices increased,which should be considered when using Pentacam AXL.展开更多
AIM:To evaluate the diagnostic ability of topographic and tomographic indices with Pentacam and Sirius as well as biomechanical parameters with Corvis ST for the detection of clinical and subclinical forms of keratoco...AIM:To evaluate the diagnostic ability of topographic and tomographic indices with Pentacam and Sirius as well as biomechanical parameters with Corvis ST for the detection of clinical and subclinical forms of keratoconus(KCN).METHODS:In this prospective diagnostic test study,70 patients with clinical KCN,79 patients with abnormal findings in topography and tomography maps with no evidence on clinical examination(subclinical KCN),and 68 normal control subjects were enrolled.The accuracy of topographic,tomographic,and biomechanical parameters was evaluated using the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve(AUC)and cross-validation analysis.The Delong method was used for comparing AUCs.RESULTS:In distinguishing KCN from normal,all parameters showed statistically significant differences between the two groups(P<0.001).Indices with the perfect diagnostic ability(AUC≥0.999)were Sirius KCN vertex of back(KVb),Pentacam random forest index(PRFI),Pentacam index of height decentration(IHD),and Corvis integrated tomographic/biomechanical index(TBI).In distinguishing subclinical KCN from normal,Sirius symmetry index of back(SIb;AUC=0.908),Pentacam inferior-superior difference(IS)value(AUC=0.862),PRFI(AUC=0.847),and Corvis TBI(AUC=0.820)performed best.There were no significant differences between the highest AUCs within keratoconic groups(De Long,P>0.05).CONCLUSION:In clinical KCN,all topographic,tomographic,and biomechanical indices have acceptable outcomes in terms of sensitivity and specificity.However,in differentiating subclinical forms of KCN from normal corneas,curvature-based parameters(SIb and IS value)followed by integrated indices(PRFI and TBI)are the most powerful tools for early detection of KCN.展开更多
AIM:To compare central corneal thickness(CCT) and anterior chamber depth(ACD) measurements using rotating Scheimpflug imaging and partial coherence interferometry.·METHODS:As part of the first phase of Shahroud E...AIM:To compare central corneal thickness(CCT) and anterior chamber depth(ACD) measurements using rotating Scheimpflug imaging and partial coherence interferometry.·METHODS:As part of the first phase of Shahroud Eye Cohort Study with 5 190 subjects of 40 to 64 years of age,CCT and ACD were measured using Scheimpflug imaging with the Pentacam(Oculus,Inc.,Lynnwood,WA,USA) and partial coherence interferometry with the Allegro BioGraph(Wavelight,Erlangen,Germany).·RESULTS:After applying exclusion criteria,we had data of 4 387 subjects with a mean age of 50.7±6.2 years.Mean CCT with Pentacam and BioGraph were 528.6 ±33.2μm and 525.6 ±32μm respectively;the difference was statistically significant(P 【0.001),but the correlation was high(R=0.920).Mean ACD measurements using Pentacam and BioGraph were 2.68 ±0.35mm and 2.62 ±0.33mm respectively;the inter-device difference was significant(P 【0.001) with high correlation(R=0.944).The 95% limits of agreements between devices were-22.65μm to28.61μm and-0.16mm to 0.29mm for CCT and ACD measurements,respectively.·CONCLUSION:For both CCT and ACD,the BioGraph gave significantly lower values than the Pentacam(P 【0.05).Despite the high inter-device correlation,the 95%limits of agreements were wide,and this may limit their interchangeability in measuring the CCT and ACD.展开更多
AIMTo determine the distribution of intraocular pressure (IOP) and its determinants in an Iranian population.METHODSIn a cross-sectional survey, random cluster sampling was conducted from the 40-64 years old populatio...AIMTo determine the distribution of intraocular pressure (IOP) and its determinants in an Iranian population.METHODSIn a cross-sectional survey, random cluster sampling was conducted from the 40-64 years old population of Shahroud, in the north of Iran. All participants had optometry and ophthalmic exams. IOP was determined using the Goldmann tonometry method and biometric components were measured.RESULTSOf the 6311 people selected for the study, 5190 (82.2%) participated. The mean age of the participants was 50.9±6.2y and 58.7% of them were female. Mean IOP was 12.87±2.27 mm Hg. In this study 0.3% of the participants had an IOP higher than 21 mm Hg. The multiple linear regression model revealed that sex (Coef=-0.30; 95% CI: -0.43 to -0.17), diabetes (Coef=0.43; 95% CI: 0.19 to 0.67), high systolic blood pressure (Coef=0.02; 95% CI: 0.01 to 0.02), high body mass index (BMI) (Coef=0.03; 95% CI: 0.01 to 0.04), higher education (Coef=0.02, 95% CI: 0.01 to 0.04), thicker central corneal thickness (Coef=0.01; 95% CI: 0.01 to 0.02), and myopic shift in spherical equivalent (Coef=-0.14; 95% CI: -0.18 to -0.10) significantly correlated with high IOP.CONCLUSIONThe IOP in this 40-64 years old population is low overall. In the north of Iran, average IOP is statistically significantly correlated with female sex, diabetes, higher BMI, systolic blood pressure, higher education, thicker cornea, and myopic refractive error.展开更多
AIM:To investigate the patterns and outcomes of open globe injuries in the elderly population in Iran.METHODS:In this retrospective cross-sectional chart review,medical records of 248 patients(aged 60 y and more)with ...AIM:To investigate the patterns and outcomes of open globe injuries in the elderly population in Iran.METHODS:In this retrospective cross-sectional chart review,medical records of 248 patients(aged 60 y and more)with the diagnosis of open globe injury from 2006 to 2016 were reviewed.Demographic features,type,and mechanism of open globe injury,ocular trauma score(OTS),visual acuity before and after treatment,the zone of injuries,and the associated injuries found at the presentation or thereafter were documented.RESULTS:A total of 248 eyes of 248 patients were included.The mean age was 69.2±5.8 y(range:60-90 y).Male/female ratio was about 3:1(187 vs 61).The three most common causes of injury were falling(25.2%),sharp objects(18.9%),and tree branches(13.9%).Penetrating injury accounted for most of the geriatric ocular trauma(50.4%),followed by globe rupture(40.3%),intraocular foreign body(IOFB;7.3%),and perforating injury(2.0%).The median raw OTS for the population was 60.5 and the most common OTS class was 3.The injuries tend to affect zoneⅠmore than zoneⅡand zoneⅢ.The only predictor of final visual acuity was the class of OTS(P<0.001).CONCLUSION:Geriatric open globe injury should be valued specifically.The most common type of open globe injury in Iran is penetrating injuries but falling remain the main cause.The OTS class must be considered as an important predictor of final visual acuity.展开更多
基金Supported by the Deputy of Research and Technology of Tehran University of Medical Sciences as a PhD Thesis.
文摘AIM:To determine the agreement of ocular biometric indices including axial length,keratometric readings,anterior chamber depth,and horizontal corneal diameter between the Pentacam AXL and IOL Master 500.METHODS:The study was a large cross-sectional population-based study(Tehran Geriatric Eye Study)conducted from Jan 2019 to Jan 2020.A total of 160 clusters were randomly selected proportional to size(each cluster contained 20 individuals)from 22 strata of Tehran city.All people aged 60y and above were invited to participate in the study.For all participants,preliminary ocular examinations were performed including the measurement of uncorrected and best-corrected visual acuity,objective and subjective refraction,anterior and posterior segment examinations.All participants underwent an ocular biometry using the Pentacam AXL and IOL Master 500.RESULTS:The 95%limits of agreement(LoA)between the two devices were-0.13 to 0.19,-0.15 to 0.17,and-0.13 to 0.19 in normal,pseudophakic,and cataractous eyes,respectively.With increasing the axial length,the difference between the two devices significantly increased in all three groups of normal,pseudophakic,and cataractous eyes(P<0.001).The 95% LoAs between the two devices regarding the mean keratometry shows that the best LoAs were seen in cataractous(-0.33 to 0.81)and followed by normal eyes(-0.36 to 0.86)and the pseudophakic eyes(-0.48 to 0.90)had the widest LoA.The 95% LoAs for horizontal corneal diameter measurements were-0.08 to 0.86,-0.03 to 0.83,and-0.07 to 0.87 in normal,pseudophakic,and cataractous eyes,respectively.The 95% LoAs of anterior chamber depth measurements between the two devices was-0.39 to 0.19 and-0.37 to 0.13 in normal eyes and cataractous,respectively.CONCLUSION:The Pentacam AXL has excellent agreement with the gold standard,IOL Master 500 in measuring axial length.In eyes with cataracts,the difference between the two devices is more scattered.With the increasing of axial length,the difference between the two devices increased,which should be considered when using Pentacam AXL.
文摘AIM:To evaluate the diagnostic ability of topographic and tomographic indices with Pentacam and Sirius as well as biomechanical parameters with Corvis ST for the detection of clinical and subclinical forms of keratoconus(KCN).METHODS:In this prospective diagnostic test study,70 patients with clinical KCN,79 patients with abnormal findings in topography and tomography maps with no evidence on clinical examination(subclinical KCN),and 68 normal control subjects were enrolled.The accuracy of topographic,tomographic,and biomechanical parameters was evaluated using the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve(AUC)and cross-validation analysis.The Delong method was used for comparing AUCs.RESULTS:In distinguishing KCN from normal,all parameters showed statistically significant differences between the two groups(P<0.001).Indices with the perfect diagnostic ability(AUC≥0.999)were Sirius KCN vertex of back(KVb),Pentacam random forest index(PRFI),Pentacam index of height decentration(IHD),and Corvis integrated tomographic/biomechanical index(TBI).In distinguishing subclinical KCN from normal,Sirius symmetry index of back(SIb;AUC=0.908),Pentacam inferior-superior difference(IS)value(AUC=0.862),PRFI(AUC=0.847),and Corvis TBI(AUC=0.820)performed best.There were no significant differences between the highest AUCs within keratoconic groups(De Long,P>0.05).CONCLUSION:In clinical KCN,all topographic,tomographic,and biomechanical indices have acceptable outcomes in terms of sensitivity and specificity.However,in differentiating subclinical forms of KCN from normal corneas,curvature-based parameters(SIb and IS value)followed by integrated indices(PRFI and TBI)are the most powerful tools for early detection of KCN.
基金Noor Ophthalmology Research CenterShahroud University of Medical Sciences
文摘AIM:To compare central corneal thickness(CCT) and anterior chamber depth(ACD) measurements using rotating Scheimpflug imaging and partial coherence interferometry.·METHODS:As part of the first phase of Shahroud Eye Cohort Study with 5 190 subjects of 40 to 64 years of age,CCT and ACD were measured using Scheimpflug imaging with the Pentacam(Oculus,Inc.,Lynnwood,WA,USA) and partial coherence interferometry with the Allegro BioGraph(Wavelight,Erlangen,Germany).·RESULTS:After applying exclusion criteria,we had data of 4 387 subjects with a mean age of 50.7±6.2 years.Mean CCT with Pentacam and BioGraph were 528.6 ±33.2μm and 525.6 ±32μm respectively;the difference was statistically significant(P 【0.001),but the correlation was high(R=0.920).Mean ACD measurements using Pentacam and BioGraph were 2.68 ±0.35mm and 2.62 ±0.33mm respectively;the inter-device difference was significant(P 【0.001) with high correlation(R=0.944).The 95% limits of agreements between devices were-22.65μm to28.61μm and-0.16mm to 0.29mm for CCT and ACD measurements,respectively.·CONCLUSION:For both CCT and ACD,the BioGraph gave significantly lower values than the Pentacam(P 【0.05).Despite the high inter-device correlation,the 95%limits of agreements were wide,and this may limit their interchangeability in measuring the CCT and ACD.
文摘AIMTo determine the distribution of intraocular pressure (IOP) and its determinants in an Iranian population.METHODSIn a cross-sectional survey, random cluster sampling was conducted from the 40-64 years old population of Shahroud, in the north of Iran. All participants had optometry and ophthalmic exams. IOP was determined using the Goldmann tonometry method and biometric components were measured.RESULTSOf the 6311 people selected for the study, 5190 (82.2%) participated. The mean age of the participants was 50.9±6.2y and 58.7% of them were female. Mean IOP was 12.87±2.27 mm Hg. In this study 0.3% of the participants had an IOP higher than 21 mm Hg. The multiple linear regression model revealed that sex (Coef=-0.30; 95% CI: -0.43 to -0.17), diabetes (Coef=0.43; 95% CI: 0.19 to 0.67), high systolic blood pressure (Coef=0.02; 95% CI: 0.01 to 0.02), high body mass index (BMI) (Coef=0.03; 95% CI: 0.01 to 0.04), higher education (Coef=0.02, 95% CI: 0.01 to 0.04), thicker central corneal thickness (Coef=0.01; 95% CI: 0.01 to 0.02), and myopic shift in spherical equivalent (Coef=-0.14; 95% CI: -0.18 to -0.10) significantly correlated with high IOP.CONCLUSIONThe IOP in this 40-64 years old population is low overall. In the north of Iran, average IOP is statistically significantly correlated with female sex, diabetes, higher BMI, systolic blood pressure, higher education, thicker cornea, and myopic refractive error.
文摘AIM:To investigate the patterns and outcomes of open globe injuries in the elderly population in Iran.METHODS:In this retrospective cross-sectional chart review,medical records of 248 patients(aged 60 y and more)with the diagnosis of open globe injury from 2006 to 2016 were reviewed.Demographic features,type,and mechanism of open globe injury,ocular trauma score(OTS),visual acuity before and after treatment,the zone of injuries,and the associated injuries found at the presentation or thereafter were documented.RESULTS:A total of 248 eyes of 248 patients were included.The mean age was 69.2±5.8 y(range:60-90 y).Male/female ratio was about 3:1(187 vs 61).The three most common causes of injury were falling(25.2%),sharp objects(18.9%),and tree branches(13.9%).Penetrating injury accounted for most of the geriatric ocular trauma(50.4%),followed by globe rupture(40.3%),intraocular foreign body(IOFB;7.3%),and perforating injury(2.0%).The median raw OTS for the population was 60.5 and the most common OTS class was 3.The injuries tend to affect zoneⅠmore than zoneⅡand zoneⅢ.The only predictor of final visual acuity was the class of OTS(P<0.001).CONCLUSION:Geriatric open globe injury should be valued specifically.The most common type of open globe injury in Iran is penetrating injuries but falling remain the main cause.The OTS class must be considered as an important predictor of final visual acuity.