Comparative Study of the Anatomical Structure of Some Vegetative Organs <i>Allium caspium</i>(pall.) M. Bieb. and <i>Allium tschimganicum</i>B. Fedtsch. Ex Popov Growing in Natural Conditions of Uzbekistan

The results of a comparative study of the structure of some vegetative organs of A. caspium and A. tschimganicum growing in natural conditions in Uzbekistan are presented for the first time. During the study of the desert representative A. caspium, the following diagnostic, structural features were revealed: ribbing of the peduncle and pedicel;thickening of the outer wall of the epidermis and wavy folding of the cuticle of the parenchymal-bundle type of structure;deep submergence of stomata: extensive core: thinness of the crustal parenchyma, the presence of lactic acid in it;the presence of a highly sclerified sclerinchymal ring between the crustal parenchyma and the central cylinder: the vastness of the core and the presence of hydrocytic cells in it, as well as the similarity of the structure of the stem and pedicel. In this species, a predominance of xeromorphic characters was noted, due to a tendency indicating xerophilization and adaptation to desert conditions. In A. tschimganicum, the following mesomorphic diagnostic structural features, opposite to the desert one, were also revealed: roundness of the stem and pedicel, dense folding of the cuticle surface, the presence of lactates in the crustal parenchyma, weak thickening of the crustal parenchyma, and the presence of a weakly sclerized sclerenchymal ring in the central color parenchyma: parenchymal-bundle type of structure, weak thickening of the outer wall of the epidermis and slightly waviness of the cuticle surface, the presence of lactic acid in the crustal parenchyma. Weak submergence of stomata, large-cell crustal parenchyma, extensive, large-cell, thin-walled, poorly sclerified central cylinder, also similarity to the structure of the stem with pedicel, but the presence of a cavity in the stem. The predominance of mesomorphic traits in this endemic species indicated more favorable mountain humid growing conditions were noted.

Anatomical Structure of Aboveground and Underground Organs of the Rare Endemic Species <i>Iris (Juno) magnifica</i>vved., Growing under Natural Conditions of the Zeravshan Ridge, Samarkand Mountains

The morpho-anatomical structure of the aboveground and underground organs of the rare endemic species Iris (Juno) magnifica, growing under natural conditions of the Zeravshan ridge, Samarkand mountains, has been studied for the first time. A comparative analysis of the morpho-anatomical structure of the aboveground and underground organs revealed characteristic diagnostic signs of a microscopic structure. The complex of anatomical features of the aboveground and underground organs of the studied species are species-specific and can be used to solve taxonomic problems of this genus of plants, as well as the Red Book endemic species of juno irises, are of particular interest in connection with the potential for their vegetative reproduction.

Structural Features of the Vegetative Organs of <i>Allium praemixtum</i>Vved. in Different Ecological Conditions

Central Asia is one of the main centers of origin of bulbous geophytes, including the family Amaryllidaceae Juss. The anatomical features of many endemic, red-book bulbous geophytes are still poorly understood. The article presents the results of a structural study of the inflated part of the stem (fistular), stem and pedicels of an endemic A. praemixtum species grow in two different environmental conditions in the Aktau mountain Nurata Range (Uzbekistan, Province Navoi) and in the conditions of introduction in the Tashkent Botanical Garden (Uzbekistan, Tashkent city). Diagnostic signs of vegetative organs were revealed and various combinations of xeromorphic and mesomorphic signs were determined. Comparative anatomical study of vegetative organs of A. praemixtum is of great theoretical and practical importance in relation to taxonomy and ecology.

Adaptive Features of Vegetative Organs <i>Juno hippolyti</i>(Vved.) Kamelin and <i>J. narbuti</i>(O. Fedtsch.) Vved. (Juno Tratt.) in the Conditions of the Kyzylkum Desert

For the first time, the anatomical structure of the vegetative organs of the species J. hippolyti and J. narbuti was studied in the conditions of Kyzylkum (Uzbekistan, Province Bukhara) and revealed the diagnostic features of these species. A different combination of xeromorphic and mesomorphic features was determined, which ensures adaptation to habitat conditions. In J. narbuti xeromorphic features predominate, which indicates a more adaptable and wide distribution in the natural habitat of this species. In J. hippolyti—mesomorphic signs that show the rarity of the species in their natural habitat, compared to J. narbuti.