<strong>Background:</strong> Chronic illnesses are often associated with functional disability, thus compromising the ability to carry out everyday activities of daily living. The degree of disability depe...<strong>Background:</strong> Chronic illnesses are often associated with functional disability, thus compromising the ability to carry out everyday activities of daily living. The degree of disability depends on the severity and the type of illness experienced. Studies that compare the level of disability between people with chronic medical conditions and mental illnesses in North-Central Nigeria are scarce. This study aims to compare the disability levels between people with schizophrenia and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) attending outpatient clinics at the Jos University Teaching Hospital, north-central Nigeria, and evaluate the factors associated with these conditions. <strong>Methods:</strong> It was a cross-sectional study with a total of 600 patients who were diagnosed with schizophrenia and T2DM, attending the Psychiatric and medical outpatient clinics of the Jos University Teaching Hospital, north-central Nigeria, between June 2017 and November 2017. The study assessed Psychotic and non-psychotic symptoms by applying the Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale (BPRS) among those with schizophrenia. We evaluated the level of disability by using World Health Organization Disability Assessment Schedule version 2.0 (WHODAS 2.00). <strong>Results:</strong> Disability was significantly higher among respondents with schizophrenia than those with T2DM. This difference occurred across all the domains except domain 2 (moving around). Marital status, living situation, occupation, and treatment adherence were significant common factors associated with disability in these conditions. In contrast, age, educational status, income level, and duration of illness were significantly associated with disability among respondents with T2DM only. <strong>Conclusion:</strong> Disability and its associated factors among people with chronic diseases, if identified early and proper interventions instituted, disability can be avoided or minimized among people with chronic illnesses.展开更多
Background: About fifty percent of patients with Schizophrenia do not take their medication as prescribed. This scenario often results in disease progression and increased relapse rates, resulting in poor outcomes, in...Background: About fifty percent of patients with Schizophrenia do not take their medication as prescribed. This scenario often results in disease progression and increased relapse rates, resulting in poor outcomes, including functional disability. Aim: This study was design to evaluate the relationship between medication non-adherence and disability in patients with Schizophrenia attending the outpatient clinic at the Jos University Teaching Hospital, north-central Nigeria, from June 2017 to November 2017. Methods: We carried out a cross-sectional study that employed a systematic sampling method to select 301 eligible subjects. We used the Medication Adherence Rating Scale (MARS) 10 and World Health Organization Disability Assessment Schedule version 2.0 (WHODAS 2.00) to assess medication adherence and levels of disability. Results: The results show that 39.9% of the respondents were medication nonadherent. Medication adherence correlated negatively with the total disability score and all the domains of disability. A low level of education and poor social support were significant predictors of non-adherence. Conclusion: Medication non-adherence and its associated factors, if identified early and proper interventions instituted, a disability could be avoided or minimized among people with Schizophrenia. Therefore, we recommend regular screening of patients with mental disorders for early identification and intervention for medication adherence.展开更多
Delirium is a complex neuropsychiatric syndrome that is often associated with adverse outcomes including prolonged hospitalization. This study aims to determine the length of hospital stay among medically-ill patients...Delirium is a complex neuropsychiatric syndrome that is often associated with adverse outcomes including prolonged hospitalization. This study aims to determine the length of hospital stay among medically-ill patients with and without delirium who were admitted through the Accident and Emergency unit of the Jos University Teaching Hospital, in North-Central Nigeria. It was a cross-sectional study that employed a consecutive sampling technique to select 290 eligible subjects in a face-to-face interview, using a confusion assessment method to assess for delirium within 24 hours of admission. All the respondents were followed-up from the Accident and Emergency unit until discharge or death. The results showed that respondents with delirium rather than those without, were significantly more likely to stay longer in the hospital (P < 0.001). The significant factors associated with prolonged hospitalization among those with delirium include, current medications use, duration of illness before presentation and type of medical diagnosis (P < 0.001), (P < 0.001) and (P < 0.001) respectively. The results point to the importance of screening for delirium in medically-ill patients, with particular attention to patients with infectious and cerebrovascular diseases.展开更多
文摘<strong>Background:</strong> Chronic illnesses are often associated with functional disability, thus compromising the ability to carry out everyday activities of daily living. The degree of disability depends on the severity and the type of illness experienced. Studies that compare the level of disability between people with chronic medical conditions and mental illnesses in North-Central Nigeria are scarce. This study aims to compare the disability levels between people with schizophrenia and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) attending outpatient clinics at the Jos University Teaching Hospital, north-central Nigeria, and evaluate the factors associated with these conditions. <strong>Methods:</strong> It was a cross-sectional study with a total of 600 patients who were diagnosed with schizophrenia and T2DM, attending the Psychiatric and medical outpatient clinics of the Jos University Teaching Hospital, north-central Nigeria, between June 2017 and November 2017. The study assessed Psychotic and non-psychotic symptoms by applying the Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale (BPRS) among those with schizophrenia. We evaluated the level of disability by using World Health Organization Disability Assessment Schedule version 2.0 (WHODAS 2.00). <strong>Results:</strong> Disability was significantly higher among respondents with schizophrenia than those with T2DM. This difference occurred across all the domains except domain 2 (moving around). Marital status, living situation, occupation, and treatment adherence were significant common factors associated with disability in these conditions. In contrast, age, educational status, income level, and duration of illness were significantly associated with disability among respondents with T2DM only. <strong>Conclusion:</strong> Disability and its associated factors among people with chronic diseases, if identified early and proper interventions instituted, disability can be avoided or minimized among people with chronic illnesses.
文摘Background: About fifty percent of patients with Schizophrenia do not take their medication as prescribed. This scenario often results in disease progression and increased relapse rates, resulting in poor outcomes, including functional disability. Aim: This study was design to evaluate the relationship between medication non-adherence and disability in patients with Schizophrenia attending the outpatient clinic at the Jos University Teaching Hospital, north-central Nigeria, from June 2017 to November 2017. Methods: We carried out a cross-sectional study that employed a systematic sampling method to select 301 eligible subjects. We used the Medication Adherence Rating Scale (MARS) 10 and World Health Organization Disability Assessment Schedule version 2.0 (WHODAS 2.00) to assess medication adherence and levels of disability. Results: The results show that 39.9% of the respondents were medication nonadherent. Medication adherence correlated negatively with the total disability score and all the domains of disability. A low level of education and poor social support were significant predictors of non-adherence. Conclusion: Medication non-adherence and its associated factors, if identified early and proper interventions instituted, a disability could be avoided or minimized among people with Schizophrenia. Therefore, we recommend regular screening of patients with mental disorders for early identification and intervention for medication adherence.
文摘Delirium is a complex neuropsychiatric syndrome that is often associated with adverse outcomes including prolonged hospitalization. This study aims to determine the length of hospital stay among medically-ill patients with and without delirium who were admitted through the Accident and Emergency unit of the Jos University Teaching Hospital, in North-Central Nigeria. It was a cross-sectional study that employed a consecutive sampling technique to select 290 eligible subjects in a face-to-face interview, using a confusion assessment method to assess for delirium within 24 hours of admission. All the respondents were followed-up from the Accident and Emergency unit until discharge or death. The results showed that respondents with delirium rather than those without, were significantly more likely to stay longer in the hospital (P < 0.001). The significant factors associated with prolonged hospitalization among those with delirium include, current medications use, duration of illness before presentation and type of medical diagnosis (P < 0.001), (P < 0.001) and (P < 0.001) respectively. The results point to the importance of screening for delirium in medically-ill patients, with particular attention to patients with infectious and cerebrovascular diseases.
