Formation of Water Quality of Surface Water Bodies Used in the Material Processing

In the process of production or processing of materials by various methods,there is a need for a large volume of water of the required quality.Today in many regions of the world,there is an acute problem of providing industry with water of a required quality.Its solution is an urgent and difficult task.The water quality of surface water bodies is formed by a combination of a large number of both natural and anthropogenic factors,and is often significantly heterogeneous not only in the water area,but also in depth.As a rule,the water supply of large industrial enterprises is located along the river network.Mergers are the most important nodes of river systems.Understanding the mechanism of transport of pollutants at the confluence of rivers is critical for assessing water quality.In recent years,thanks to the data of satellite images,the interest of researchers in the phenomenon of mixing the waters of merging rivers has increased.The nature of the merger is influenced by the formation of transverse circulation.Within the framework of this work,a study of vorticity,as well as the width of the mixing zone,depending on the distance from the confluence,the speeds of the merging rivers and the angle of confluence was carried out.Since the consumer properties of water are largely determined by its chemical and physical indicators,the intensity of mixing,determined largely by the nature of the secondary circulation,is of fundamental importance for assessing the distribution of hydrochemical indicators of water quality in the mixing zone.These characteristics are important not only for organizing water intake for drinking and technical purposes with the best consumer properties,but also for organizing an effective monitoring system for confluence zones.

MHD stagnation point flow of nanofluid with SWCNT and MWCNT over a stretching surface driven by Arrhenius kinetics

The intention of the current research is to address the conclusion of non-isothermal heterogeneous reaction on the stagnation-point flow of SWCNT-engine oil and MWCNT-engine oil nanofluid over a shrinking/stretching sheet.Further,exemplify the aspect of heat and mass transfer the upshot of magnetohydrodynamics(MHD),thermal radiation,and heat generation/absorption coefficient are exemplified.The bvp4 c from Matlab is pledged to acquire the numerical explanation of the problem that contains nonlinear system of ordinary differential equations(ODE).The impacts of miscellaneous important parameters on axial velocity,temperature field,concentration profile,skin friction coefficient,and local Nusselt number,are deliberated through graphical and numerically erected tabulated values.The solid volume fraction diminishes the velocity distribution while enhancing the temperature distribution.Further,the rate of shear stress declines with increasing the magnetic and stretching parameter for both SWCNT and MWCNT.

Blood Flow Through a Catheterized Artery Having a Mild Stenosis at the Wall with a Blood Clot at the Centre

The blood flow through a catheterized artery having a mild stenosis at the wall together with a blood clot at the centre is studied in the current investigation.Stenosis can occur in vessels carrying blood to brain(i.e.,Carotid arteries),Renal arteries that supply blood to kidneys etc.The flow is refined in such vessels by application of catheter.We have used a Newtonian viscous fluid model and also distinct shapes of stenosis,(i.e.,symmetric and non-symmetric shapes)are considered for this study.The entropy generation togetherwith viscous dissipation is also taken into account for a complete description of heat transfer mechanism.Exact solutions are calculated for the problem subject to given“no slip conditions”.The results are discussed graphically.The velocity quickly increases for a non-symmetric stenosis as compared to a symmetric stenosis.When the height of mild stenosis increases and the channel becomes narrow then the velocity increases in the centre but it decreases with the stenosed wall.However,as the height of blood clotσincreases then the velocity of blood flow reduces with the wall having clot but it remains almost same with the stenosed wall.Streamlines are plotted to visualize the flow pattern.The trapping is symmetric for a symmetric stenosis shape but it changes to non-symmetric trapping when we have a non-symmetric shape of stenosis.

Numerical Methods for Solving Turbulent Flows by Using Parallel Technologies

Parallel implementation of algorithm of numerical solution of Navier-Stokes equations for large eddy simulation (LES) of turbulence is presented in this research. The Dynamic Smagorinsky model is applied for sub-grid simulation of turbulence. The numerical algorithm was worked out using a scheme of splitting on physical parameters. At the first stage it is supposed that carrying over movement amount takes place only due to convection and diffusion. Intermediate field of velocity is determined by method of fractional steps by using Thomas algorithm (tridiaginal matrix algorithm). At the second stage found intermediate field of velocity is used for determination of the field of pressure. Three dimensional Poisson equation for the field of pressure is solved using upper relaxation method. Moreover various ways of geometrical decomposition for parallel numerical solution of three dimensional Poisson equations are investigated.

Determination of the flooding zone during a dam break in a channel with a bend in the presence of several obstacles by the VOF method

This paper aims to investigate a dam break in a channel with a bend in the presence of several obstacles.To accurately determine the flood zones,it is necessary to take into account many factors such as terrain,reservoir volume.Numerical modeling was used to determine the flood zone.Numerical modeling based on the Navier-Stokes equations with a turbulent k-epsilon RNG model,the Volume of Fluid(VOF)method and the PISO algorithm were used to analyze the flow in a bend channel at an angle of 10 with the obstacles.To verify the numerical model,a test on dam break in the 450 channel was conducted.The simulation results were compared with experimental data and with the numerical data of existing data.Having been convinced of the correctness of the mathematical model,the authors carried out a numerical simulation of the main problem in three versions:without barriers,with one obstacle,with two obstacles.According to the obtained numerical results,it can be noted that irregular landforms held the flow,a decrease in water level and a slower time for water emergence could be seen.Thus,the water flow without an obstacle,with one obstacle and with two obstacles showed 4.2 s,4.4 s and 4.6 s of the time of water appearance,respectively.This time shift can give a certain advantage when conducting various events to evacuate people.