Effect of water deficiency on relationships between metabolism,physiology,biomass,and yield of upland cotton(Gossypium hirsutum L.)

Drought is a common abiotic stress that considerably limits crop production. The objective of this study is to explore the influence of water deficiency on the yield, physiologic and metabolomic attributes in upland cotton cultivars（Gossypium hirsutum L）. Cotton cultivars, ＇Ishonch＇ and ＇Tashkent-6＇ were selected to study the relationships among their physiologic, metabolomic and yield attributes during water deficiency. Deficit irrigation was designed by modifying the traditional watering protocol to reduce water use. Results indicate that cotton cultivars respond differently to water deficit stress. Water deficit significantly influenced plant height, the number of internodes, and sympodial branches in both cultivars. However, yield components such as the number of bolls, boll seed, lint mass, and individual plant yield were significantly reduced only in ＇Tashkent-6＇. The leaf area decreased and the specific leaf weight increased in ＇Ishonch＇ under deficit irrigation conditions. However, ＇Tashkent-6＇ demonstrated significant water loss compared to ＇Ishonch＇, and both cultivars showed reduced transpiration rates. Untargeted metabolite profiles of leaves showed clear separation in ＇Ishonch＇, but not in ＇Tashkent-6＇ under deficit irrigation compared to full irrigation. The individual metabolites such as proline and galactinol showed strong association with yield under water deficit stress. Moreover, this study indicates that leaf area and transpiration intensity influence yield during water deficiency. In summary, the correlation among morpho-physiologic, metabolic, and yield components significantly varied between the two cultivars under water deficiency. The flowering stage was sensitive to water stress for both cultivars. The direct relationship between physiology, metabolism, and yield may be a useful selection criterion for determining candidate parents for cotton drought tolerance breeding.

18份国外棉花种质黄萎病抗性鉴定与筛选

【目的】鉴定与筛选18份国外棉花种质黄萎病抗性、农艺性状,为丰富新疆棉花资源库提供黄萎病抗性资源。【方法】2018、2019年调查棉花农艺性状、黄萎病发病,检测吐絮期测产、取样考种、纤维品质。对主要农艺性状进行方差、各指标相关性、病情指数聚类分析。【结果】18份国外种质均为中早熟性类型;均为中等株高;果枝始节差异不显著,黄萎病高抗株系占5.55%,抗病占27.77%,耐病占44.44%,感病占22.22%;病情指数除了与有效果枝、马克隆值呈正相关,与其余指标呈负相关。病情指数聚类为抗、耐、感病三类,其中,4号为高抗材料。【结论】抗病材料6份分别为2、4、6、9、11、16号,耐病材料8份分别为1、3、5、7、8、12、14、15号,感病材料4份分别为10、13、17、18号;籽棉产量较高材料5份分别为3、4、9、11、15号,纤维品质较优材料3份分别为1、9、11号;筛选出2份抗病高产优质种质资源为9号和11号。