DIN EN ISO 11295:2018-06参考了塑料管道系统翻新和更换的设计与应用的分类和信息。更新后的版本现在包括称之为插入式软管的修复。本文介绍了这一新产品系列的特点,重点介绍了该产品系列中的柔性芳纶增强衬里解决方案Primus Line®...DIN EN ISO 11295:2018-06参考了塑料管道系统翻新和更换的设计与应用的分类和信息。更新后的版本现在包括称之为插入式软管的修复。本文介绍了这一新产品系列的特点,重点介绍了该产品系列中的柔性芳纶增强衬里解决方案Primus Line®。本文将特别讨论使用芳纶增强衬里系统对饮用水管的非开挖修复。本文将说明衬里材料的组成和终端配件的功能。此外,本文还将提出设计寿命为50年的设计考虑因素。本文将说明用弯管安装的可行性以及应考虑的设计和安装注意事项。此外,还展示了安装方法。讨论了安装起点井和终点井以及通过检查井安装的要求。在开始安装衬管之前,将讨论CCTV检查、管道准备和清洁要求。本文将介绍应用领域,并展示已完成项目的案例研究。最后总结了该系统的优点和局限性。展开更多
Objective:Recent reports on high-intensity focused ultrasound(HIFU)treatment of localized prostate cancer suggest that preoperative risk groups of tumor recurrence are strong predictors of oncological outcomes.The pur...Objective:Recent reports on high-intensity focused ultrasound(HIFU)treatment of localized prostate cancer suggest that preoperative risk groups of tumor recurrence are strong predictors of oncological outcomes.The purpose of this study is to determine the prognostic significance of treatment-related factors in relation to patient characteristics for biochemical outcomes after HIFU.Methods:This retrospective single-center study included patients treated from December 2002 to December 2010 for localized prostate cancer with two generations of AblathermHIFU devices(A1 and A2).All the patients underwent single HIFU treatment session under the concept of whole-gland therapy.Prostate surgery was performed before HIFU to downsize enlarged glands.Androgen deprivation therapy(ADT)was discontinued before HIFU.Biochemical failure(BCF)was defined as prostate specific antigen(PSA)nadir t 1.2 ng/mL(Stuttgart definition).Predictors of BCF were determined using Cox regression models.As covariates,patient-related factors(age,tumor characteristics,ADT)were compared with treatmentrelated factors(prostate volume,HIFU device generation,conduct of therapy,prostate edema,patient movement,anesthetic modalities).Results:Three hundred and twenty-three(98.8%)out of 327 consecutive patients were evaluable for BCF.Median(interquartile range)follow-up was 51.2(36.6e80.4)months.The overall BCF-rate was 23.8%.In multivariate analyses,higher initial PSA-values(Hazard ratio[HR]:1.03;p<0.001)and higher D’Amico risk stages(HR:3.45;p<0.001)were patient-related predictors of BCF.Regarding treatment-related factors,the A2 HIFU device was associated with a decreased risk of BCF(HR:0.51;p Z 0.007),while prostate edema had an adverse effect(HR:1.8;p Z 0.027).Short follow-up and retrospective study design are the primary limitations.Conclusion:Success in a single HIFU session depends not merely on tumor characteristics,but also on treatment-related factors.Ablation is more efficacious with the technically advanced A2 HIFU device.Heat-induced prostate edema might adversely affect the outcome.展开更多
文摘DIN EN ISO 11295:2018-06参考了塑料管道系统翻新和更换的设计与应用的分类和信息。更新后的版本现在包括称之为插入式软管的修复。本文介绍了这一新产品系列的特点,重点介绍了该产品系列中的柔性芳纶增强衬里解决方案Primus Line®。本文将特别讨论使用芳纶增强衬里系统对饮用水管的非开挖修复。本文将说明衬里材料的组成和终端配件的功能。此外,本文还将提出设计寿命为50年的设计考虑因素。本文将说明用弯管安装的可行性以及应考虑的设计和安装注意事项。此外,还展示了安装方法。讨论了安装起点井和终点井以及通过检查井安装的要求。在开始安装衬管之前,将讨论CCTV检查、管道准备和清洁要求。本文将介绍应用领域,并展示已完成项目的案例研究。最后总结了该系统的优点和局限性。
文摘Objective:Recent reports on high-intensity focused ultrasound(HIFU)treatment of localized prostate cancer suggest that preoperative risk groups of tumor recurrence are strong predictors of oncological outcomes.The purpose of this study is to determine the prognostic significance of treatment-related factors in relation to patient characteristics for biochemical outcomes after HIFU.Methods:This retrospective single-center study included patients treated from December 2002 to December 2010 for localized prostate cancer with two generations of AblathermHIFU devices(A1 and A2).All the patients underwent single HIFU treatment session under the concept of whole-gland therapy.Prostate surgery was performed before HIFU to downsize enlarged glands.Androgen deprivation therapy(ADT)was discontinued before HIFU.Biochemical failure(BCF)was defined as prostate specific antigen(PSA)nadir t 1.2 ng/mL(Stuttgart definition).Predictors of BCF were determined using Cox regression models.As covariates,patient-related factors(age,tumor characteristics,ADT)were compared with treatmentrelated factors(prostate volume,HIFU device generation,conduct of therapy,prostate edema,patient movement,anesthetic modalities).Results:Three hundred and twenty-three(98.8%)out of 327 consecutive patients were evaluable for BCF.Median(interquartile range)follow-up was 51.2(36.6e80.4)months.The overall BCF-rate was 23.8%.In multivariate analyses,higher initial PSA-values(Hazard ratio[HR]:1.03;p<0.001)and higher D’Amico risk stages(HR:3.45;p<0.001)were patient-related predictors of BCF.Regarding treatment-related factors,the A2 HIFU device was associated with a decreased risk of BCF(HR:0.51;p Z 0.007),while prostate edema had an adverse effect(HR:1.8;p Z 0.027).Short follow-up and retrospective study design are the primary limitations.Conclusion:Success in a single HIFU session depends not merely on tumor characteristics,but also on treatment-related factors.Ablation is more efficacious with the technically advanced A2 HIFU device.Heat-induced prostate edema might adversely affect the outcome.