Cold stress profoundly affects plant growth and development and is a key factor affecting the geographic distribution and evolution of plants.Plants have evolved adaptive mechanisms to cope with cold stress.Here,throu...Cold stress profoundly affects plant growth and development and is a key factor affecting the geographic distribution and evolution of plants.Plants have evolved adaptive mechanisms to cope with cold stress.Here,through the genomic analysis of Arabidopsis,three Brassica species and 17 other representative species,we found that both cold-related genes(CRGs)and their collinearity were preferentially retained after polyploidization followed by genome instability,while genome-wide gene sets exhibited a variety of other expansion mechanisms.The coldrelated regulatory network was increased in Brassicaceae genomes,which were recursively affected by polyploidization.By combining our findings regarding the selective retention of CRGs from this ecological genomics study with the available knowledge of cold-induced chromosome doubling,we hypothesize that cold stress may have contributed to the success of polyploid plants through both increasing polyploidization and selectively maintaining CRGs during evolution.This hypothesis requires further biological and ecological exploration to obtain solid supporting evidence,which will potentially contribute to understanding the generation of polyploids and to the field of ecological genomics.展开更多
A high-density inferred consensus map for 13homoeologous groups of cotton was constructedthrough the integration of three genetic maps(At,Dt and D)of homoeologous chromosomes.The consensus map included 2843 markers an...A high-density inferred consensus map for 13homoeologous groups of cotton was constructedthrough the integration of three genetic maps(At,Dt and D)of homoeologous chromosomes.The consensus map included 2843 markers andspanned about 2242 cM in 13 linkage groups.1777 mapped probes were sequenced andcompared to the Arabidopsis using the展开更多
We are using a high-density(1-cM)molecularmap of the cotton genome based on RFLP,SSR,and EST markers as a foundation fordevelopment of a robust BAC-based physicalmap.The ’overgo’approach is providing anefficient mea...We are using a high-density(1-cM)molecularmap of the cotton genome based on RFLP,SSR,and EST markers as a foundation fordevelopment of a robust BAC-based physicalmap.The ’overgo’approach is providing anefficient means by which to accomplishhybridization-based anchoring of genetically-展开更多
Cultivated peanut (Arachis hypogaea) is an allotetraploid crop planted in Asia, Africa, and America for edible oil and protein. To explore the origins and consequences of tetraploidy, we sequenced the allotetraploid A...Cultivated peanut (Arachis hypogaea) is an allotetraploid crop planted in Asia, Africa, and America for edible oil and protein. To explore the origins and consequences of tetraploidy, we sequenced the allotetraploid A. hypogaea genome and compared it with the related diploid Arachis duranensis and Arachis ipaensis genomes. We annotated 39 888 A-subgenome genes and 41 526 B-subgenome genes in allotetraploid peanut. The A. hypogaea subgenomes have evolved asymmetrically, with the B subgenome resembling the ancestral state and the A subgenome undergoing more gene disruption, loss, conversion, and transposable element proliferation, and having reduced gene expression during seed development despite lacking genome-wide expression dominance. Genomic and transcriptomic analyses identified more than 2 500 oil metabolism-related genes and revealed that most of them show altered expression early in seed development while their expression ceases during desiccation, presenting a comprehensive map of peanut lipid biosynthesis. The availability of these genomic resources will facilitate a better understanding of the complex genome architecture, agronomically and economically important genes, and genetic improvement of peanut.展开更多
Aims As an exotic species colonises a new continent,it must overcome enormous environmental variation in its introduced range.Local adaptation of introduced species has frequently been observed at the continent scale,...Aims As an exotic species colonises a new continent,it must overcome enormous environmental variation in its introduced range.Local adaptation of introduced species has frequently been observed at the continent scale,particularly in response to latitudinal climatic variation.However,significant environmental heterogeneity can also exist at the landscape scale.A small number of studies have provided evidence that introduced species may also be capable of phenotypic and genetic differentiation at much smaller spatial scales.For example,previously we found US agricultural and non-agricultural populations of Sorghum halepense(Johnsongrass)to be phenotypically and genetically distinct.in this study,we inves-tigated whether this phenotypic differentiation of agricultural and non-agricultural populations of S.halepense is the result of fine-scale local specialisation.Methods We surveyed a nationally collected S.halepense germplasm panel and also collected neighbouring agricultural and non-agricultural sub-populations of S.halepense at four sites throughout Western Virginia,USA,raising seedlings in common conditions mimicking both agricultural and non-agricultural habitats.Important Findings At the national scale,we found evidence of habitat differentiation but not specialisation.However,at the local scale,we found evi-dence of specialisation in two of the four local populations to non-agricultural habitat,but no evidence of specialisation to agricultural habitat.These results show that local specialisation is a possible,but not guaranteed consequence of kilometre-scale habitat heterogen-eity in invasive species.This finding contributes to a growing aware-ness of the importance of fine-scale local adaptation in the ecology and management of introduced and weedy species.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31801856 to X.S.,2016YFD0101001 to X.W.)the Hebei Province Higher Education Youth Talents Program(BJ2018016 to X.S.)the Natural Science Foundation of Hebei(C2017209103 to X.S.).
文摘Cold stress profoundly affects plant growth and development and is a key factor affecting the geographic distribution and evolution of plants.Plants have evolved adaptive mechanisms to cope with cold stress.Here,through the genomic analysis of Arabidopsis,three Brassica species and 17 other representative species,we found that both cold-related genes(CRGs)and their collinearity were preferentially retained after polyploidization followed by genome instability,while genome-wide gene sets exhibited a variety of other expansion mechanisms.The coldrelated regulatory network was increased in Brassicaceae genomes,which were recursively affected by polyploidization.By combining our findings regarding the selective retention of CRGs from this ecological genomics study with the available knowledge of cold-induced chromosome doubling,we hypothesize that cold stress may have contributed to the success of polyploid plants through both increasing polyploidization and selectively maintaining CRGs during evolution.This hypothesis requires further biological and ecological exploration to obtain solid supporting evidence,which will potentially contribute to understanding the generation of polyploids and to the field of ecological genomics.
文摘A high-density inferred consensus map for 13homoeologous groups of cotton was constructedthrough the integration of three genetic maps(At,Dt and D)of homoeologous chromosomes.The consensus map included 2843 markers andspanned about 2242 cM in 13 linkage groups.1777 mapped probes were sequenced andcompared to the Arabidopsis using the
文摘We are using a high-density(1-cM)molecularmap of the cotton genome based on RFLP,SSR,and EST markers as a foundation fordevelopment of a robust BAC-based physicalmap.The ’overgo’approach is providing anefficient means by which to accomplishhybridization-based anchoring of genetically-
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China (31501246,31771841,31801401)the Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province (2017A030311007)+4 种基金the Modem Agroindustry Technology Research System (CARS-14)the Science and Technology Planning Project of Guangdong Province (2015B020231006, 2015A020209051, 2016B020201003, 2016LM3161, 2016LM3164, 2014A020208060 and S2013020012647)the International Science & Technology Cooperation Program of Guangdong Province (2013B050800021)the Agricultural Science and Technology Program of Guangdong (2013B020301014)the teamwork projects funded Guangdong Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province (no. 2017A030312004).
文摘Cultivated peanut (Arachis hypogaea) is an allotetraploid crop planted in Asia, Africa, and America for edible oil and protein. To explore the origins and consequences of tetraploidy, we sequenced the allotetraploid A. hypogaea genome and compared it with the related diploid Arachis duranensis and Arachis ipaensis genomes. We annotated 39 888 A-subgenome genes and 41 526 B-subgenome genes in allotetraploid peanut. The A. hypogaea subgenomes have evolved asymmetrically, with the B subgenome resembling the ancestral state and the A subgenome undergoing more gene disruption, loss, conversion, and transposable element proliferation, and having reduced gene expression during seed development despite lacking genome-wide expression dominance. Genomic and transcriptomic analyses identified more than 2 500 oil metabolism-related genes and revealed that most of them show altered expression early in seed development while their expression ceases during desiccation, presenting a comprehensive map of peanut lipid biosynthesis. The availability of these genomic resources will facilitate a better understanding of the complex genome architecture, agronomically and economically important genes, and genetic improvement of peanut.
文摘Aims As an exotic species colonises a new continent,it must overcome enormous environmental variation in its introduced range.Local adaptation of introduced species has frequently been observed at the continent scale,particularly in response to latitudinal climatic variation.However,significant environmental heterogeneity can also exist at the landscape scale.A small number of studies have provided evidence that introduced species may also be capable of phenotypic and genetic differentiation at much smaller spatial scales.For example,previously we found US agricultural and non-agricultural populations of Sorghum halepense(Johnsongrass)to be phenotypically and genetically distinct.in this study,we inves-tigated whether this phenotypic differentiation of agricultural and non-agricultural populations of S.halepense is the result of fine-scale local specialisation.Methods We surveyed a nationally collected S.halepense germplasm panel and also collected neighbouring agricultural and non-agricultural sub-populations of S.halepense at four sites throughout Western Virginia,USA,raising seedlings in common conditions mimicking both agricultural and non-agricultural habitats.Important Findings At the national scale,we found evidence of habitat differentiation but not specialisation.However,at the local scale,we found evi-dence of specialisation in two of the four local populations to non-agricultural habitat,but no evidence of specialisation to agricultural habitat.These results show that local specialisation is a possible,but not guaranteed consequence of kilometre-scale habitat heterogen-eity in invasive species.This finding contributes to a growing aware-ness of the importance of fine-scale local adaptation in the ecology and management of introduced and weedy species.