Vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF)was discovered by its angiogenic activity.However,during evolution,it appeared earlier as a neurotrophic factor required for the development of the nervous system in invertebrat...Vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF)was discovered by its angiogenic activity.However,during evolution,it appeared earlier as a neurotrophic factor required for the development of the nervous system in invertebrates lacking a circulatory system.We aimed at reviewing recent evidence indicating that VEGF has neuroprotective effects in neurons exposed to a variety of insults.Of particular interest is the link established between VEGF and motoneurons,especially after the design of the VEGFδ/δmutant mice.These mice are characterized by low levels of VEGF and develop muscle weakness and motoneuron degeneration resembling amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.The administration of VEGF through several routes to animal models of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis delays motor impairment and motoneuron degeneration and increases life expectancy.There are new recent advances in the role of VEGF in the physiology of motoneurons.Our experimental aims use the extraocular(abducens)motoneurons lesioned by axotomy as a model for studying VEGF actions.Axotomized abducens motoneurons exhibit severe alterations in their discharge activity and a loss of synaptic boutons.The exogenous administration of VEGF to axotomized abducens motoneurons,either from the transected nerve or intraventricularly,fully restores the synaptic and discharge properties of abducens motoneurons,despite being axotomized.In addition,when an anti-VEGF neutralizing antibody is delivered from the muscle to intact,uninjured abducens motoneurons,these cells display alterations in their discharge pattern and a loss of synaptic boutons that resemble the state of axotomy.All these data indicate that VEGF is an essential neurotrophic factor for motoneurons.展开更多
Vascular endothelial growth factor（VEGF）,an angiogenic factor with neuroprotective effects：The VEGF was initially characterized by its vasculogenic and angiogenic activities and its capacity to promote vascular per...Vascular endothelial growth factor（VEGF）,an angiogenic factor with neuroprotective effects：The VEGF was initially characterized by its vasculogenic and angiogenic activities and its capacity to promote vascular permeability（Yancopoulos et al.,2000）.VEGF is also known as VEGF-A and is the prototype member of a related group of five trophic factors,VEGF-B,VEGF-C,VEGF-D and placental growth factor（Pl GF;Lange et al.,2016）.展开更多
基金supported by the I+D+i project P20_00529 Consejería de Transformación Económica Industria y Conocimiento,Junta de Andalucía-FEDERsupported by project PGC2018-094654-B-100 and PID2021-124300NB-I00 funded by MCIN/AEI/FEDER“A way of making Europe”+1 种基金P.M.C.was a scholar of Ministerio de Educación y Ciencia(BES-2016-077912)in Spain and is now a“Margarita Salas”postdoctoral fellowRGH is a postdoctoral fellow from PAIDI-2019,“Talento Doctores”Junta de Andalucía in Spain,and is now a“Ramón y Cajal”fellow in Spain。
文摘Vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF)was discovered by its angiogenic activity.However,during evolution,it appeared earlier as a neurotrophic factor required for the development of the nervous system in invertebrates lacking a circulatory system.We aimed at reviewing recent evidence indicating that VEGF has neuroprotective effects in neurons exposed to a variety of insults.Of particular interest is the link established between VEGF and motoneurons,especially after the design of the VEGFδ/δmutant mice.These mice are characterized by low levels of VEGF and develop muscle weakness and motoneuron degeneration resembling amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.The administration of VEGF through several routes to animal models of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis delays motor impairment and motoneuron degeneration and increases life expectancy.There are new recent advances in the role of VEGF in the physiology of motoneurons.Our experimental aims use the extraocular(abducens)motoneurons lesioned by axotomy as a model for studying VEGF actions.Axotomized abducens motoneurons exhibit severe alterations in their discharge activity and a loss of synaptic boutons.The exogenous administration of VEGF to axotomized abducens motoneurons,either from the transected nerve or intraventricularly,fully restores the synaptic and discharge properties of abducens motoneurons,despite being axotomized.In addition,when an anti-VEGF neutralizing antibody is delivered from the muscle to intact,uninjured abducens motoneurons,these cells display alterations in their discharge pattern and a loss of synaptic boutons that resemble the state of axotomy.All these data indicate that VEGF is an essential neurotrophic factor for motoneurons.
基金supported by Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad-FEDER(Grant reference:BFU2015-64515-P) in Spaina scholar of MEC(BES-2016-077912) in Spain
文摘Vascular endothelial growth factor（VEGF）,an angiogenic factor with neuroprotective effects：The VEGF was initially characterized by its vasculogenic and angiogenic activities and its capacity to promote vascular permeability（Yancopoulos et al.,2000）.VEGF is also known as VEGF-A and is the prototype member of a related group of five trophic factors,VEGF-B,VEGF-C,VEGF-D and placental growth factor（Pl GF;Lange et al.,2016）.
