Potassium （K^＋） is an essential macronutrient for all living organisms and large amounts are required for plant growth and development. In many regions of Asia K＋-fertilization has been neglected and soils have be...Potassium （K^＋） is an essential macronutrient for all living organisms and large amounts are required for plant growth and development. In many regions of Asia K＋-fertilization has been neglected and soils have become K＋-depleted. K＋- deficiency in the field diminishes not only crop production but also leads to environmental problems due to inefficient usage and leaching of nitrate. Consequences of K^＋-deficiency on crop production range from decreased biomass, nutritional quality and taste of the crops to inferior harvest and storage properties, as well as increased susceptibility to disease. Effects of K^＋-deficiency on plant physiology include decreased photosynthetic rate, impaired tissue allocation of sugars and amino acids, decreased protein synthesis.展开更多
Thellungiella salsuginea （halophila） is a close relative of Arabidopsis thaliana but, unlike A. thaliana, it grows well in extreme conditions of cold, salt, and drought as well as nitrogen limitation. Over the last ...Thellungiella salsuginea （halophila） is a close relative of Arabidopsis thaliana but, unlike A. thaliana, it grows well in extreme conditions of cold, salt, and drought as well as nitrogen limitation. Over the last decade, many laboratories have started to use Thellungiella to investigate the physiological, metabolic, and molecular mechanisms of abiotic stress tolerance in plants, and new knowledge has been gained in particular with respect to ion transport and gene expression. The advantage of Thellungiella over other extremophile model plants is that it can be directly compared with Arabidopsis, and therefore generate information on both essential and critical components of stress tolerance. Thellungiella research is supported by a growing body of technical resources comprising physiological and molecular protocols, ecotype collections, expressed sequence tags, cDNA-libraries, microarrays, and a pending genome sequence. This review summarizes the current state of knowledge on Thellungiella and re-evaluates its usefulness as a model for research into plant stress tolerance.展开更多
The ability to adjust growth and development to the availability of mineral nutrients in the soil is an essential life skill of plants but the underlying signaling pathways are poorly understood. In Arab/dops/s thal/a...The ability to adjust growth and development to the availability of mineral nutrients in the soil is an essential life skill of plants but the underlying signaling pathways are poorly understood. In Arab/dops/s thal/ana, shortage of po- tassium （K） induces a number of genes related to the phytohormone jasmonic acid （JA）. Using comparative microarray analysis of wild-type and coi1-16 mutant plants, we classified transcriptional responses to K with respect to their depen- dence on COI1, a central component of oxylipin signaling. Expression profiles obtained in a short-term experiment clearly distinguished between COil-dependent and COil-independent K-responsive genes, and identified both known and novel targets of JA-COIl-signaling. During long-term K-deficiency, coi-16 mutants displayed de novo responses covering similar functions as COil-targets except for defense. A putative role of JA for enhancing the defense potential of K-deficient plants was further supported by the observation that plants grown on low K were less damaged by thrips than plants grown with sufficient K.展开更多
文摘Potassium （K^＋） is an essential macronutrient for all living organisms and large amounts are required for plant growth and development. In many regions of Asia K＋-fertilization has been neglected and soils have become K＋-depleted. K＋- deficiency in the field diminishes not only crop production but also leads to environmental problems due to inefficient usage and leaching of nitrate. Consequences of K^＋-deficiency on crop production range from decreased biomass, nutritional quality and taste of the crops to inferior harvest and storage properties, as well as increased susceptibility to disease. Effects of K^＋-deficiency on plant physiology include decreased photosynthetic rate, impaired tissue allocation of sugars and amino acids, decreased protein synthesis.
文摘Thellungiella salsuginea （halophila） is a close relative of Arabidopsis thaliana but, unlike A. thaliana, it grows well in extreme conditions of cold, salt, and drought as well as nitrogen limitation. Over the last decade, many laboratories have started to use Thellungiella to investigate the physiological, metabolic, and molecular mechanisms of abiotic stress tolerance in plants, and new knowledge has been gained in particular with respect to ion transport and gene expression. The advantage of Thellungiella over other extremophile model plants is that it can be directly compared with Arabidopsis, and therefore generate information on both essential and critical components of stress tolerance. Thellungiella research is supported by a growing body of technical resources comprising physiological and molecular protocols, ecotype collections, expressed sequence tags, cDNA-libraries, microarrays, and a pending genome sequence. This review summarizes the current state of knowledge on Thellungiella and re-evaluates its usefulness as a model for research into plant stress tolerance.
文摘The ability to adjust growth and development to the availability of mineral nutrients in the soil is an essential life skill of plants but the underlying signaling pathways are poorly understood. In Arab/dops/s thal/ana, shortage of po- tassium （K） induces a number of genes related to the phytohormone jasmonic acid （JA）. Using comparative microarray analysis of wild-type and coi1-16 mutant plants, we classified transcriptional responses to K with respect to their depen- dence on COI1, a central component of oxylipin signaling. Expression profiles obtained in a short-term experiment clearly distinguished between COil-dependent and COil-independent K-responsive genes, and identified both known and novel targets of JA-COIl-signaling. During long-term K-deficiency, coi-16 mutants displayed de novo responses covering similar functions as COil-targets except for defense. A putative role of JA for enhancing the defense potential of K-deficient plants was further supported by the observation that plants grown on low K were less damaged by thrips than plants grown with sufficient K.
