Laetmonice Kinberg,1856 is a remarkable genus characterized by having harpoon notochaetae in the polychaete family Aphroditidae.We describe a new species of Laetmonice,Laetmonice iocasica sp.nov.,found from seamounts ...Laetmonice Kinberg,1856 is a remarkable genus characterized by having harpoon notochaetae in the polychaete family Aphroditidae.We describe a new species of Laetmonice,Laetmonice iocasica sp.nov.,found from seamounts on the Caroline Ridge in the tropical Western Pacific.The new species is readily distinguished from congeners,particularly those distributed in the Indo-Pacific Ocean by possessing45 segments with 18 pairs of elytra,and the tuberculated harpoon notochaetae in the elytrigerous segments,which are replaced by tuberculated notochaetae without recurved fangs on segments 4 and 5.Laetmonice iocasica sp.nov.is closely related to L.producta Grube,1877,but differs in both morphology and the genetic distance of the mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase subunit I(COI)sequences.Laetmonice producta Grube,1877 contained five varieties reported in various marine areas,which have been raised to species level.However,the records of L.producta from the Sagami B ay and Suruga B ay in Japan and in the south-eastern Australia remain obscure and probably represent a different species.The data indicate that L.producta,which was originally described from Kerguelen Islands in the Southern Ocean and later commonly found on the Antarctic shelf,is probably distributed only at high latitudes of the Southern Hemisphere.展开更多
Over 50 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) have been identified by genome wide association studies (GWAS) to be associated with susceptibility to type 2 diabetes (T2D);however the causal gene in most cases is not ...Over 50 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) have been identified by genome wide association studies (GWAS) to be associated with susceptibility to type 2 diabetes (T2D);however the causal gene in most cases is not known. In this study we sought to identify which may be the most likely causal genes at five T2D GWAS loci by measuring their expression in control and T2D islets, as well as observing their regulation by glucose. We measured the expression of ten genes at five loci (CDKN2A/2B, CDC123/CAMK-1D, HHEX/IDE, TSPAN8/LGR5, and DGKB/TMEM 195), in control and human pancreatic islets by real-time PCR. We then measured the expression of these genes in the rodent pancreatic beta cell line INS-1 exposed to 5.6 mmol/l, 11 mmol/l and 28 mmol/l glucose for 48 hours. We found differential expression of the longest isoform of CDKN2B specifically between control and T2D human islets, whereas the shortest isoform of this gene had no expression in islets. Tmem195 was the only gene to show differential expression in response to increasing glycemia in INS-1 cells under the conditions described. Our study is an example of how the differential expression of genes in loci spanning more than one gene can aid identification of the more likely causal gene.展开更多
基金the Science&Technology Basic Resources Investigation Program of China(No.2017FY100804)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.41930533)+3 种基金the Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(No.XDB42000000)the Biological Resources Program,Chinese Academy of Sciences(No.KFJBRP-017-46)the Key Development Project of Centre for Ocean Mega-Research of Science,Chinese Academy of Sciences(No.COMS2019R01)the Senior User Project ofR/V Kexue(No.KEXUE2019GZ04)。
文摘Laetmonice Kinberg,1856 is a remarkable genus characterized by having harpoon notochaetae in the polychaete family Aphroditidae.We describe a new species of Laetmonice,Laetmonice iocasica sp.nov.,found from seamounts on the Caroline Ridge in the tropical Western Pacific.The new species is readily distinguished from congeners,particularly those distributed in the Indo-Pacific Ocean by possessing45 segments with 18 pairs of elytra,and the tuberculated harpoon notochaetae in the elytrigerous segments,which are replaced by tuberculated notochaetae without recurved fangs on segments 4 and 5.Laetmonice iocasica sp.nov.is closely related to L.producta Grube,1877,but differs in both morphology and the genetic distance of the mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase subunit I(COI)sequences.Laetmonice producta Grube,1877 contained five varieties reported in various marine areas,which have been raised to species level.However,the records of L.producta from the Sagami B ay and Suruga B ay in Japan and in the south-eastern Australia remain obscure and probably represent a different species.The data indicate that L.producta,which was originally described from Kerguelen Islands in the Southern Ocean and later commonly found on the Antarctic shelf,is probably distributed only at high latitudes of the Southern Hemisphere.
文摘Over 50 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) have been identified by genome wide association studies (GWAS) to be associated with susceptibility to type 2 diabetes (T2D);however the causal gene in most cases is not known. In this study we sought to identify which may be the most likely causal genes at five T2D GWAS loci by measuring their expression in control and T2D islets, as well as observing their regulation by glucose. We measured the expression of ten genes at five loci (CDKN2A/2B, CDC123/CAMK-1D, HHEX/IDE, TSPAN8/LGR5, and DGKB/TMEM 195), in control and human pancreatic islets by real-time PCR. We then measured the expression of these genes in the rodent pancreatic beta cell line INS-1 exposed to 5.6 mmol/l, 11 mmol/l and 28 mmol/l glucose for 48 hours. We found differential expression of the longest isoform of CDKN2B specifically between control and T2D human islets, whereas the shortest isoform of this gene had no expression in islets. Tmem195 was the only gene to show differential expression in response to increasing glycemia in INS-1 cells under the conditions described. Our study is an example of how the differential expression of genes in loci spanning more than one gene can aid identification of the more likely causal gene.
