Background:Biomechanics introduces numerous technologies to support clinical practice in ophthalmology,with the goal of improving surgical outcomes and to develop new advanced technologies with minimum impact on clini...Background:Biomechanics introduces numerous technologies to support clinical practice in ophthalmology,with the goal of improving surgical outcomes and to develop new advanced technologies with minimum impact on clinical training.Unfortunately,a few misconceptions on the way that computational methods should be applied to living tissues contributes to a lack of confidence towards computer-based approaches.Methods:Corneal biomechanics relies on sound theories of mechanics,including concepts of equilibrium,geometrical measurements,and complex material behaviors.The peculiarities of biological tissues require the consideration of multi-physics,typical of the eye environment,and to adopt customized geometrical models constructed on the basis of advanced optical imaging and in-vivo testing.Results:Patient-specific models are able to predict the outcomes of refractive surgery and to exploit the results of in-vivo test to characterize the material properties of the corneal tissue.Conclusions:Corneal biomechanics can become an important support to clinical practice,provided that methods are based on the actual multi-physics and use customized geometrical and mechanical models.展开更多
We present a general theoretical framework for the formulation of the nonlinear electromechanics of polymeric and biological active media.The approach developed here is based on the additive decomposition of the Helmh...We present a general theoretical framework for the formulation of the nonlinear electromechanics of polymeric and biological active media.The approach developed here is based on the additive decomposition of the Helmholtz free energy in elastic and inelastic parts and on the multiplicative decomposition of the deformation gradient in passive and active parts.We describe a thermodynamically sound scenario that accounts for geometric and material nonlinearities.In view of numerical applications,we specialize the general approach to a particular material model accounting for the behavior of fiber reinforced tissues.Specifically,we use the model to solve via finite elements a uniaxial electromechanical problem dynamically activated by an electrophysiological stimulus.Implications for nonlinear solid mechanics and computational electrophysiology are finally discussed.展开更多
文摘Background:Biomechanics introduces numerous technologies to support clinical practice in ophthalmology,with the goal of improving surgical outcomes and to develop new advanced technologies with minimum impact on clinical training.Unfortunately,a few misconceptions on the way that computational methods should be applied to living tissues contributes to a lack of confidence towards computer-based approaches.Methods:Corneal biomechanics relies on sound theories of mechanics,including concepts of equilibrium,geometrical measurements,and complex material behaviors.The peculiarities of biological tissues require the consideration of multi-physics,typical of the eye environment,and to adopt customized geometrical models constructed on the basis of advanced optical imaging and in-vivo testing.Results:Patient-specific models are able to predict the outcomes of refractive surgery and to exploit the results of in-vivo test to characterize the material properties of the corneal tissue.Conclusions:Corneal biomechanics can become an important support to clinical practice,provided that methods are based on the actual multi-physics and use customized geometrical and mechanical models.
文摘We present a general theoretical framework for the formulation of the nonlinear electromechanics of polymeric and biological active media.The approach developed here is based on the additive decomposition of the Helmholtz free energy in elastic and inelastic parts and on the multiplicative decomposition of the deformation gradient in passive and active parts.We describe a thermodynamically sound scenario that accounts for geometric and material nonlinearities.In view of numerical applications,we specialize the general approach to a particular material model accounting for the behavior of fiber reinforced tissues.Specifically,we use the model to solve via finite elements a uniaxial electromechanical problem dynamically activated by an electrophysiological stimulus.Implications for nonlinear solid mechanics and computational electrophysiology are finally discussed.
