Nontimber forest products are a source of income for women in rural African communities. However, these products are frequently damaged by insect pests. The present study investigates the diversity and damage rates of...Nontimber forest products are a source of income for women in rural African communities. However, these products are frequently damaged by insect pests. The present study investigates the diversity and damage rates of insect pests that attack Carapa procera seeds and Lophira lanceolata fruits. The experiment was set up in western Burkina Faso and, for C. carapa, consisted of pests collected from seeds that had fallen to the ground and from stockpiled seeds. For L. lanceolata, pests were collected from fruits on the trees, and on the ground. The collected samples were sent to the laboratory to estimate the proportion of damaged seeds/fruits and rear the insects. The results showed that Ephestia spp., Tribolium castaneum, Oryzeaphilus spp., and Tenebroides mauritanicus were the pests of Carapa procera seeds and Lophira lanceolata fruits. Ephestia spp. was recorded as the main pest of both C. proeera and L. lanceolata, whereas T. castaneum was only detected from seeds of L. lanceolata. For C. procera, the stocks were the most infested （29 %） by Ephestia spp. The infestation rate of fruits of L. lanceolata by Ephestia spp, on trees （31.42 ± 3.75 %） was less than the rate of fruits by T. castaneum on the ground （44.00 ± 3.5 %）. The different body sizes of Ephestia spp. may indicate the occurrence of two putative species, one from C. procera and another one from L. lanceolata. This work provides important information that could contribute to the setting up of a local-scale sustainable management framework for oil tree pests in Burkina Faso and surrounding countries.展开更多
In the Sahel of Africa, where 90 % of the population depends on natural resources for their liveli- hood, a large part of the soils are structurally unstable, prone to crusting and hard setting, and have low water hol...In the Sahel of Africa, where 90 % of the population depends on natural resources for their liveli- hood, a large part of the soils are structurally unstable, prone to crusting and hard setting, and have low water holding capacity, which hamper vegetation establishment. The effect of soil restoration techniques on survival and growth of seedlings of Acacia nilotica, Acacia tortilis and Jatropha curcas was tested in completely barren, degraded land in a Sahelian ecosystem in Burkina Faso. A total of 522 seedlings （174 plants of each plant species） were planted in a randomized complete block design with three replicates combining three soil preparation techniques： half-moon, zai＂ and standard plantation. Survival and growth rates evaluated over 20 months were significantly higher using the half-moon technique compared with the other two techniques. Survival rates of plant species planted using half-moon technique were 62.5, 28.57 and 10.71% for A. nilotica, A. tortilis and J. curcas respec- tively, but in za＇i and standard planting, seedling survival was zero. The low survival rate of J. curcas using the half-moon technique may indicate that J. curcas is unsuit- able for barren and degraded land, whereas A. nilotica and A. tortilis appear to be promising tree species for rehabil- itation of degraded land.展开更多
基金supported by Danida(10-002AU)within the framework of the collaborative research project Quali Tree
文摘Nontimber forest products are a source of income for women in rural African communities. However, these products are frequently damaged by insect pests. The present study investigates the diversity and damage rates of insect pests that attack Carapa procera seeds and Lophira lanceolata fruits. The experiment was set up in western Burkina Faso and, for C. carapa, consisted of pests collected from seeds that had fallen to the ground and from stockpiled seeds. For L. lanceolata, pests were collected from fruits on the trees, and on the ground. The collected samples were sent to the laboratory to estimate the proportion of damaged seeds/fruits and rear the insects. The results showed that Ephestia spp., Tribolium castaneum, Oryzeaphilus spp., and Tenebroides mauritanicus were the pests of Carapa procera seeds and Lophira lanceolata fruits. Ephestia spp. was recorded as the main pest of both C. proeera and L. lanceolata, whereas T. castaneum was only detected from seeds of L. lanceolata. For C. procera, the stocks were the most infested （29 %） by Ephestia spp. The infestation rate of fruits of L. lanceolata by Ephestia spp, on trees （31.42 ± 3.75 %） was less than the rate of fruits by T. castaneum on the ground （44.00 ± 3.5 %）. The different body sizes of Ephestia spp. may indicate the occurrence of two putative species, one from C. procera and another one from L. lanceolata. This work provides important information that could contribute to the setting up of a local-scale sustainable management framework for oil tree pests in Burkina Faso and surrounding countries.
基金financially supported by Understanding and Combating Desertification to Mitigate its Impact on Ecosystem Services project(UNDESERT EU-FP7 no.243906)
文摘In the Sahel of Africa, where 90 % of the population depends on natural resources for their liveli- hood, a large part of the soils are structurally unstable, prone to crusting and hard setting, and have low water holding capacity, which hamper vegetation establishment. The effect of soil restoration techniques on survival and growth of seedlings of Acacia nilotica, Acacia tortilis and Jatropha curcas was tested in completely barren, degraded land in a Sahelian ecosystem in Burkina Faso. A total of 522 seedlings （174 plants of each plant species） were planted in a randomized complete block design with three replicates combining three soil preparation techniques： half-moon, zai＂ and standard plantation. Survival and growth rates evaluated over 20 months were significantly higher using the half-moon technique compared with the other two techniques. Survival rates of plant species planted using half-moon technique were 62.5, 28.57 and 10.71% for A. nilotica, A. tortilis and J. curcas respec- tively, but in za＇i and standard planting, seedling survival was zero. The low survival rate of J. curcas using the half-moon technique may indicate that J. curcas is unsuit- able for barren and degraded land, whereas A. nilotica and A. tortilis appear to be promising tree species for rehabil- itation of degraded land.
