Highly Flexible and Broad‑Range Mechanically Tunable All‑Wood Hydrogels with Nanoscale Channels via the Hofmeister Effect for Human Motion Monitoring

Wood-based hydrogel with a unique anisotropic structure is an attractive soft material,but the presence of rigid crystalline cellulose in natural wood makes the hydrogel less flexible.In this study,an all-wood hydrogel was constructed by cross-linking cellulose fibers,polyvinyl alcohol(PVA)chains,and lignin molecules through the Hofmeister effect.The all-wood hydrogel shows a high tensile strength of 36.5 MPa and a strain up to~438%in the longitudinal direction,which is much higher than its tensile strength(~2.6 MPa)and strain(~198%)in the radial direction,respectively.The high mechanical strength of all-wood hydrogels is mainly attributed to the strong hydrogen bonding,physical entanglement,and van der Waals forces between lignin molecules,cellulose nanofibers,and PVA chains.Thanks to its excellent flexibility,good conductivity,and sensitivity,the all-wood hydrogel can accurately distinguish diverse macroscale or subtle human movements,including finger flexion,pulse,and swallowing behavior.In particular,when“An Qi”was called four times within 15 s,two variations of the pronunciation could be identified.With recyclable,biodegradable,and adjustable mechanical properties,the all-wood hydrogel is a multifunctional soft material with promising applications,such as human motion monitoring,tissue engineering,and robotics materials.

Aureobasidium subglaciale F134 is a bifunctional whole-cell biocatalyst for Baeyer-Villiger oxidation or selective carbonyl reduction controllable by temperature

The microbial production of either ester/lactones or enantio-enriched alcohols through Baeyer-Villiger oxidation or stereoselective reduction of ketones,respectively,is possible by using whole cells of A.subglaciale F134 as a bifunctional biocatalyst.The chemoselective pattern of acetophenone biotransformation catalyzed by these cells can be regulated through reaction temperature,directing the reaction either towards oxidation or reduction products.The Baeyer–Villiger oxidation activity of A.subglaciale F134 whole cells is particularly dependent on reaction temperature.Acetophenone was transformed efficiently to phenol via the primary Baeyer–Villiger product phenyl acetate at 20℃ after 48 h with 100% conversion.In contrast,at 35℃,enantio-enriched(S)-1-phenylethanol was obtained as the sole product with 64% conversion and 89% ee.In addition,A.subglaciale F134 cells also catalyze the selective reduction of various structurally different aldehydes and ketones to alcohols with 40% to 100% yield,indicating broad substrate spectrum and good enantioselectivity in relevant cases.Our study provides a bifunctional biocatalyst systemthat can be used in Baeyer–Villiger oxidation aswell as in asymmetric carbonyl reduction,setting the stage for future work concerning the identification and isolation of the respective enzymes.

Autophagy-related IncRNAs in tumor progression and drug resistance: A double-edged sword

The incidence and mortality rates of cancer are increasing every year worldwide but the survival rate of cancer patients is still unsatisfactory.Therefore,it is necessary to further elucidate the molecular mechanisms involved in tumor development and drug resis-tance to improve cancer cure or survival rates.In recent years,autophagy has become a hot topic in the field of oncology research,which plays a double-edged role in tumorigenesis,pro-gression,and drug resistance.Meanwhile,long non-coding RNA(lncRNA)has also been shown to regulate autophagy,and the two-sided nature of autophagy determines the dual regulatory role of autophagy-related IncRNAs(ARlncRNAs).Therefore,ARlncRNAs can be effective ther-apeutic targets for various cancers.Furthermore,the high abundance and stability of ARlncR-NAs in tumor tissues make them promising biomarkers.In this review,we summarized the roles and mechanisms of ARlncRNAs in tumor cell proliferation,apoptosis,migration,invasion,drug resistance,angiogenesis,radiation resistance,and immune regulation.In addition,we described the clinical significance of these ARlncRNAs,including as biomarkers/therapeutic targets and their association with clinical drugs.