During viral infections,antibodies and T cells act together to prevent pathogen spread and remove virus-infected cells.Virusspecific adaptive immunity can,however,also trigger pathological processes characterized by l...During viral infections,antibodies and T cells act together to prevent pathogen spread and remove virus-infected cells.Virusspecific adaptive immunity can,however,also trigger pathological processes characterized by localized or systemic inflammatory events.The protective and/or pathological role of virus-specific T cells in SARS-CoV-2 infection has been the focus of many studies in COVID-19 patients and in vaccinated individuals.Here,we review the works that have elucidated the function of SARS-CoV-2-specific T cells in patients and in vaccinated individuals.Understanding whether SARS-CoV-2-specific T cells are more linked to protection or pathogenesis is pivotal to define future therapeutic and prophylactic strategies to manage the current pandemic.展开更多
Chronic hepatitis B Virus (HBV) infection is a major risk factor for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). While multiple treatment modalities are available, liver transplantation remains the sole curative treatment for adv...Chronic hepatitis B Virus (HBV) infection is a major risk factor for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). While multiple treatment modalities are available, liver transplantation remains the sole curative treatment for advanced stages of HCC, and hence new treatment approaches are required to fulfill this unmet need of curative HCC therapy. Our first-in-man proof-of-concept adoptive T-cell immunotherapy against HBV related hepatocellular carcinoma metastases has shown promising results. Here, we review the development of T-cell immunotherapy targeting HBV antigens for the treatment of HBV-HCC and discuss the practical considerations for the safe and effective use in clinics.展开更多
How do we measure vaccine efficacy? The strictest but also easiest parameter to determine vaccine efficacy is its ability to block infection.Indeed, if a vaccine is able to block infection, this necessarily follows th...How do we measure vaccine efficacy? The strictest but also easiest parameter to determine vaccine efficacy is its ability to block infection.Indeed, if a vaccine is able to block infection, this necessarily follows that it will also prevent both disease development and viral transmission. As a consequence, antibodies, specifically neutralising antibodies, have been used as the “gold standard” correlate of protection to measure SARS-CoV-2 vaccine efficacy, given their ability to block infection.展开更多
基金This study is supported by the Singapore Ministry of Health’s National Medical Research Council under its COVID-19 Research Fund(COVID19RF3-0060)the Singapore Ministry of Health’s National Medical Research Council MOH-000019(MOH-StaR17Nov-0001)the National Research Foundation,Singapore(NRFCRP17-2017-06).
文摘During viral infections,antibodies and T cells act together to prevent pathogen spread and remove virus-infected cells.Virusspecific adaptive immunity can,however,also trigger pathological processes characterized by localized or systemic inflammatory events.The protective and/or pathological role of virus-specific T cells in SARS-CoV-2 infection has been the focus of many studies in COVID-19 patients and in vaccinated individuals.Here,we review the works that have elucidated the function of SARS-CoV-2-specific T cells in patients and in vaccinated individuals.Understanding whether SARS-CoV-2-specific T cells are more linked to protection or pathogenesis is pivotal to define future therapeutic and prophylactic strategies to manage the current pandemic.
文摘Chronic hepatitis B Virus (HBV) infection is a major risk factor for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). While multiple treatment modalities are available, liver transplantation remains the sole curative treatment for advanced stages of HCC, and hence new treatment approaches are required to fulfill this unmet need of curative HCC therapy. Our first-in-man proof-of-concept adoptive T-cell immunotherapy against HBV related hepatocellular carcinoma metastases has shown promising results. Here, we review the development of T-cell immunotherapy targeting HBV antigens for the treatment of HBV-HCC and discuss the practical considerations for the safe and effective use in clinics.
基金supported by the Singapore Ministry of Health’s National Medical Research Council MOH-000019(MOH-Sta R17Nov-0001) grant
文摘How do we measure vaccine efficacy? The strictest but also easiest parameter to determine vaccine efficacy is its ability to block infection.Indeed, if a vaccine is able to block infection, this necessarily follows that it will also prevent both disease development and viral transmission. As a consequence, antibodies, specifically neutralising antibodies, have been used as the “gold standard” correlate of protection to measure SARS-CoV-2 vaccine efficacy, given their ability to block infection.
