Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the commonest primary malignant cancer of the liver in the world. Given that the burden of chronic liver disease is expected to rise owing to increasing rates of alcoholism, hepatitis...Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the commonest primary malignant cancer of the liver in the world. Given that the burden of chronic liver disease is expected to rise owing to increasing rates of alcoholism, hepatitis B and C prevalence and obesity-related fatty liver disease, it is expected that the incidence of HCC will also increase in the foreseeable future. This article summarizes the international epidemiology, the risk factors and the pathogenesis of HCC, including the roles of viral hepatitis, toxins, such as alcohol and aflatoxin, and insulin resistance.展开更多
基金The NIHR Biomedical Research Centre funding scheme and the following for authors’ funding and support: AIG is funded by a scholarship from the Egyptian Government SAK is supported by a grant from the Higher Education Funding Council for England (HEFCE)+5 种基金 SDTR is funded by grants from the British Medical Research Council (MRC), London, United Kingdomthe British Engineering, Physics and Science Research Council (EPSRC), Swindon, United Kingdomthe Alan Morement Memorial Fund AMMF, Essex, UK Broad Foundation, Los Angeles, United StatesPfizer Global Research and Development Inc, Sandwich, United Kingdom GlaxoSmithKline, Ware, United Kingdom
文摘Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the commonest primary malignant cancer of the liver in the world. Given that the burden of chronic liver disease is expected to rise owing to increasing rates of alcoholism, hepatitis B and C prevalence and obesity-related fatty liver disease, it is expected that the incidence of HCC will also increase in the foreseeable future. This article summarizes the international epidemiology, the risk factors and the pathogenesis of HCC, including the roles of viral hepatitis, toxins, such as alcohol and aflatoxin, and insulin resistance.
