The enlarged veins in the pampiniform venous plexus,known as varicocele disease,are typically identified using ultrasound scans.Themedical diagnosis of varicocele is based on examinations made in three positions taken...The enlarged veins in the pampiniform venous plexus,known as varicocele disease,are typically identified using ultrasound scans.Themedical diagnosis of varicocele is based on examinations made in three positions taken to the right and left testicles of the male patient.The proposed system is designed to determine whether a patient is affected.Varicocele is more frequent on the left side of the scrotum than on the right and physicians commonly depend on the supine position more than other positions.Therefore,the experimental results of this study focused on images taken in the supine position of the left testicles of patients.There are two possible vein structures in each image:a cross-section(circular)and a tube(non-circular)structure.This proposed system identifies dilated(varicocele)veins of these structures in ultrasound images in three stages:preprocessing,processing,and detection and measurement.These three stages are applied in three different color modes:Grayscale,Red-Green-Blue(RGB),and Hue,Saturation,and Value(HSV).In the preprocessing stage,the region of interest enclosing the pampiniform plexus area is extracted using a median filter and threshold segmentation.Then,the processing stage employs different filters to perform image denoising.Finally,edge detection is applied in multiple steps and the detected veins are measured to determine if dilated veins exist.Overall implementation results showed the proposed system is faster andmore effective than the previous work.展开更多
Hand veins can be used effectively in biometric recognition since they are internal organs that,in contrast to fingerprints,are robust under external environment effects such as dirt and paper cuts.Moreover,they form ...Hand veins can be used effectively in biometric recognition since they are internal organs that,in contrast to fingerprints,are robust under external environment effects such as dirt and paper cuts.Moreover,they form a complex rich shape that is unique,even in identical twins,and allows a high degree of freedom.However,most currently employed hand-based biometric systems rely on hand-touch devices to capture images with the desired quality.Since the start of the COVID-19 pandemic,most handbased biometric systems have become undesirable due to their possible impact on the spread of the pandemic.Consequently,new contactless hand-based biometric recognition systems and databases are desired to keep up with the rising hygiene awareness.One contribution of this research is the creation of a database for hand dorsal veins images obtained contact-free with a variation in capturing distance and rotation angle.This database consists of 1548 images collected from 86 participants whose ages ranged from 19 to 84 years.For the other research contribution,a novel geometrical feature extraction method has been developed based on the Curvelet Transform.This method is useful for extracting robust rotation invariance features from vein images.The database attributes and the veins recognition results are analyzed to demonstrate their efficacy.展开更多
Many routing protocols,such as distance vector and link-state protocols are used for nding the best paths in a network.To nd the path between the source and destination nodes where every node is visited once with no r...Many routing protocols,such as distance vector and link-state protocols are used for nding the best paths in a network.To nd the path between the source and destination nodes where every node is visited once with no repeats,Hamiltonian and Hypercube routing protocols are often used.Nonetheless,these algorithms are not designed to solve the problem of a node failure,where one or more nodes become faulty.This paper proposes an efcient modied Fault-free Hamiltonian Cycle based on the Hypercube Topology(FHCHT)to perform a connection between nodes when one or more nodes become faulty.FHCHT can be applied in a different environment to transmit data with a high-reliability connection by nding an alternative path between the source and destination nodes when some nodes fail.Moreover,a proposed Hamiltonian Near Cycle(HNC)scheme has been developed and implemented.HNC implementation results indicated that FHCHT produces alternative cycles relatively similar to a Hamiltonian Cycle for the Hypercube,complete,and random graphs.The implementation of the proposed algorithm in a Hypercube achieved a 31%and 76%reduction in cost compared to the complete and random graphs,respectively.展开更多
文摘The enlarged veins in the pampiniform venous plexus,known as varicocele disease,are typically identified using ultrasound scans.Themedical diagnosis of varicocele is based on examinations made in three positions taken to the right and left testicles of the male patient.The proposed system is designed to determine whether a patient is affected.Varicocele is more frequent on the left side of the scrotum than on the right and physicians commonly depend on the supine position more than other positions.Therefore,the experimental results of this study focused on images taken in the supine position of the left testicles of patients.There are two possible vein structures in each image:a cross-section(circular)and a tube(non-circular)structure.This proposed system identifies dilated(varicocele)veins of these structures in ultrasound images in three stages:preprocessing,processing,and detection and measurement.These three stages are applied in three different color modes:Grayscale,Red-Green-Blue(RGB),and Hue,Saturation,and Value(HSV).In the preprocessing stage,the region of interest enclosing the pampiniform plexus area is extracted using a median filter and threshold segmentation.Then,the processing stage employs different filters to perform image denoising.Finally,edge detection is applied in multiple steps and the detected veins are measured to determine if dilated veins exist.Overall implementation results showed the proposed system is faster andmore effective than the previous work.
基金This research was funded by Al-Zaytoonah University of Jordan Grant Number(2020-2019/12/11).
文摘Hand veins can be used effectively in biometric recognition since they are internal organs that,in contrast to fingerprints,are robust under external environment effects such as dirt and paper cuts.Moreover,they form a complex rich shape that is unique,even in identical twins,and allows a high degree of freedom.However,most currently employed hand-based biometric systems rely on hand-touch devices to capture images with the desired quality.Since the start of the COVID-19 pandemic,most handbased biometric systems have become undesirable due to their possible impact on the spread of the pandemic.Consequently,new contactless hand-based biometric recognition systems and databases are desired to keep up with the rising hygiene awareness.One contribution of this research is the creation of a database for hand dorsal veins images obtained contact-free with a variation in capturing distance and rotation angle.This database consists of 1548 images collected from 86 participants whose ages ranged from 19 to 84 years.For the other research contribution,a novel geometrical feature extraction method has been developed based on the Curvelet Transform.This method is useful for extracting robust rotation invariance features from vein images.The database attributes and the veins recognition results are analyzed to demonstrate their efficacy.
文摘Many routing protocols,such as distance vector and link-state protocols are used for nding the best paths in a network.To nd the path between the source and destination nodes where every node is visited once with no repeats,Hamiltonian and Hypercube routing protocols are often used.Nonetheless,these algorithms are not designed to solve the problem of a node failure,where one or more nodes become faulty.This paper proposes an efcient modied Fault-free Hamiltonian Cycle based on the Hypercube Topology(FHCHT)to perform a connection between nodes when one or more nodes become faulty.FHCHT can be applied in a different environment to transmit data with a high-reliability connection by nding an alternative path between the source and destination nodes when some nodes fail.Moreover,a proposed Hamiltonian Near Cycle(HNC)scheme has been developed and implemented.HNC implementation results indicated that FHCHT produces alternative cycles relatively similar to a Hamiltonian Cycle for the Hypercube,complete,and random graphs.The implementation of the proposed algorithm in a Hypercube achieved a 31%and 76%reduction in cost compared to the complete and random graphs,respectively.
