Undoubtedly, plenty of hydrocarbon sources are located in carbonate rocks, particularly those which are naturally fractured that is still needed to study their characterization, because of their complex and unconventi...Undoubtedly, plenty of hydrocarbon sources are located in carbonate rocks, particularly those which are naturally fractured that is still needed to study their characterization, because of their complex and unconventional behavior. Therefore, applying any processes that cause Enhancing Oil Recovery (EOR) from Naturally Fractured Reservoirs (NFR) seems necessary and useful. However, selecting the best developed scenario is always challenging. Screening criteria would determine the possibility of implementing an EOR process. While, utilizing trade marketing simulators can solve this problem. Moreover, simulation can evaluate other parameters such as water cut and gas-oil ratio. In this research, an aquifer-supported Iranian NFR with two parts that are separated to each other with a shale layer is considered in order to select the best EOR scenario. The fluid model is created using PVTi software. Various production scenarios included natural depletion, water flooding, miscible carbon dioxide injection, water-alternating-gas (WAG) injection, simultaneous water- alternating-gas (SWAG) injection, hybrid injection, and gas recycling are simulated in ECLIPSE Compositional (E300) and their recovery factor recorded as the target parameter. The developed scenarios are designed in a way that gives the optimized results, i.e. higher recovery factor, less water cut as well as the less gas-oil ratio. As a result, SWAG shows better conditions and is recommended for the further studies of the reservoir management plan in the future. Also, the role of the aquifer in the SWAG scenario is positive by creating a natural WAG in addition to the SWAG. Additionally, the average reservoir pressure through fractures reduces less in the SWAG than the other Scenarios, the oil and gas production rate reduce less in the SWAG and SWAG/ miscible gas respectively than the other scenarios. The maximum and the minimum water cut are related to the water flooding and SWAG, respectively.Finally, the simulation approach of EOR screening in NFR is better than other approaches, from the perspective of economic issues as well as the simplicity of the methods.展开更多
Separator design in petroleum engineering is so important because of its important role in the evaluation of optimum parameters and also to achieve to maximum stock tank liquid. However, no simulator exists that simul...Separator design in petroleum engineering is so important because of its important role in the evaluation of optimum parameters and also to achieve to maximum stock tank liquid. However, no simulator exists that simultaneously and directly optimizes the parameters “pressure”, “temperature”, and so on. On the other hands, Commercial simulators fix one parameter and vary another parameter to achieve the optimum conditions. So, they need long-time simulation. Moreover, gas condensate reservoirs, like another reservoirs, have this problem as well. In present paper, a self-developed simulator applied in the optimized design of gas condensate reservoir’s separators by determining optimized pressure, temperature, and number of separators in order to obtain maximized tank liquid volume and minimized tank liquid density utilizing Matlab software and other commercial simulators such as Aspen-Plus, Aspen-Hysys, and PVTi to do a comparison. Also, each software was separately tested with one, two, and three separators to obtain the optimum number of separators. Additionally, Peng-Robinson equation of state (PR EOS) has been applied in the simulation. For simulation input, a set of field data of gas condensate reservoir has been utilized, as well. The results show a good compatibility of this simulator with other simulators but in so little runtime (this simulator calculates the optimum pressure and temperature in a wide range of pressures and temperatures with the help of a simultaneous optimization algorithm in one stage) and the highest stock tank liquid is calculated with this simulator in comparison to other simulators. Also, with the help of this simulator, we are able to obtain the optimum pressure, temperature, and the number of separators in the gas condensate reservoir’s separators with any desired properties. Finally, this simulator optimizes the temperatures for each separator and obtains very good results despite the other simulators that fix temperatures for all separators in most times.展开更多
文摘Undoubtedly, plenty of hydrocarbon sources are located in carbonate rocks, particularly those which are naturally fractured that is still needed to study their characterization, because of their complex and unconventional behavior. Therefore, applying any processes that cause Enhancing Oil Recovery (EOR) from Naturally Fractured Reservoirs (NFR) seems necessary and useful. However, selecting the best developed scenario is always challenging. Screening criteria would determine the possibility of implementing an EOR process. While, utilizing trade marketing simulators can solve this problem. Moreover, simulation can evaluate other parameters such as water cut and gas-oil ratio. In this research, an aquifer-supported Iranian NFR with two parts that are separated to each other with a shale layer is considered in order to select the best EOR scenario. The fluid model is created using PVTi software. Various production scenarios included natural depletion, water flooding, miscible carbon dioxide injection, water-alternating-gas (WAG) injection, simultaneous water- alternating-gas (SWAG) injection, hybrid injection, and gas recycling are simulated in ECLIPSE Compositional (E300) and their recovery factor recorded as the target parameter. The developed scenarios are designed in a way that gives the optimized results, i.e. higher recovery factor, less water cut as well as the less gas-oil ratio. As a result, SWAG shows better conditions and is recommended for the further studies of the reservoir management plan in the future. Also, the role of the aquifer in the SWAG scenario is positive by creating a natural WAG in addition to the SWAG. Additionally, the average reservoir pressure through fractures reduces less in the SWAG than the other Scenarios, the oil and gas production rate reduce less in the SWAG and SWAG/ miscible gas respectively than the other scenarios. The maximum and the minimum water cut are related to the water flooding and SWAG, respectively.Finally, the simulation approach of EOR screening in NFR is better than other approaches, from the perspective of economic issues as well as the simplicity of the methods.
文摘Separator design in petroleum engineering is so important because of its important role in the evaluation of optimum parameters and also to achieve to maximum stock tank liquid. However, no simulator exists that simultaneously and directly optimizes the parameters “pressure”, “temperature”, and so on. On the other hands, Commercial simulators fix one parameter and vary another parameter to achieve the optimum conditions. So, they need long-time simulation. Moreover, gas condensate reservoirs, like another reservoirs, have this problem as well. In present paper, a self-developed simulator applied in the optimized design of gas condensate reservoir’s separators by determining optimized pressure, temperature, and number of separators in order to obtain maximized tank liquid volume and minimized tank liquid density utilizing Matlab software and other commercial simulators such as Aspen-Plus, Aspen-Hysys, and PVTi to do a comparison. Also, each software was separately tested with one, two, and three separators to obtain the optimum number of separators. Additionally, Peng-Robinson equation of state (PR EOS) has been applied in the simulation. For simulation input, a set of field data of gas condensate reservoir has been utilized, as well. The results show a good compatibility of this simulator with other simulators but in so little runtime (this simulator calculates the optimum pressure and temperature in a wide range of pressures and temperatures with the help of a simultaneous optimization algorithm in one stage) and the highest stock tank liquid is calculated with this simulator in comparison to other simulators. Also, with the help of this simulator, we are able to obtain the optimum pressure, temperature, and the number of separators in the gas condensate reservoir’s separators with any desired properties. Finally, this simulator optimizes the temperatures for each separator and obtains very good results despite the other simulators that fix temperatures for all separators in most times.
