Molecular Characterization of Bacterial Community Composition in the Rhizosphere of Invasive Plant Species Amur Honeysuckle (<i>Lonicera maackii</i>) in an Urban Wetland Forest

The goal of this research was to determine the effects of the growth of invasive plant Amur Honeysuckle (Lonicera maackii) on the rhizosphere bacterial community composition, and diversity in an urban wetland forest ecosystem. Bacterial communities from the rhizosphere of 5 L. maackii plants and control bulk soils that did not have any L. maackii were investigated at Nina Mason Pulliam EcoLab (NMPE) using a culture-independent pipeline. Bacterial communities were characterized by PCR amplification and cloning 16S rRNA gene fragments following total DNA isolation from the soil samples. Microbial communities associated with both L. maackii rhizosphere and control sites showed high bacterial diversity within each site and taxa unique to individual sites were observed. Phylogenetic analyses revealed 80% of 400 16S rDNA clones were classified as α-, β- and γ-Proteobacteria, Acidobacteria, Actinobacteria, Cytophaga-Flexibacter-Bacteroides (CFB) group, and Verrucomicrobia. Members of the Proteobacteria and Acidobacterium represented 66.5% and 14.5% of the clone library, respectively, whereas the remaining bacterial divisions each comprised less than 7% of the clone library. Twenty-five 16S rDNA clones could not be classified into any known bacterial divisions. Statistical analyses showed significant differences in the presence of L. maackii on the proportions of 16S rDNA clones affiliated with Proteobacteria and Acidobacterium, suggesting bacterial community composition and structure does significantly change in the presence of L. maackii. However, sequence-based community analysis and the corresponding lack of intact microbial cultures limit understanding of the potential influences of enriched microbial taxa on plant hosts and their roles in ecosystem functioning.

Chip-based multimodal super-resolution microscopy for histological investigations of cryopreserved tissue sections

Histology involves the observation of structural features in tissues using a microscope.While diffraction-limited optical microscopes are commonly used in histological investigations,their resolving capabilities are insufficient to visualize details at subcellular level.Although a novel set of super-resolution optical microscopy techniques can fulfill the resolution demands in such cases,the system complexity,high operating cost,lack of multi-modality,and low-throughput imaging of these methods limit their wide adoption for histological analysis.In this study,we introduce the photonic chip as a feasible high-throughput microscopy platform for super-resolution imaging of histological samples.Using cryopreserved ultrathin tissue sections of human placenta,mouse kidney,pig heart,and zebrafish eye retina prepared by the Tokuyasu method,we demonstrate diverse imaging capabilities of the photonic chip including total internal reflection fluorescence microscopy,intensity fluctuation-based optical nanoscopy,single-molecule localization microscopy,and correlative light-electron microscopy.Our results validate the photonic chip as a feasible imaging platform for tissue sections and pave the way for the adoption of super-resolution high-throughput multimodal analysis of cryopreserved tissue samples both in research and clinical settings.