传统混凝土养护箱存在着设定条件不足、设备较大、正常使用移动不便等问题,本文基于TRIZ理论(Theory of the solution of inventive problems)中的功能分析、裁剪分析、因果轴分析、物-场分析和技术矛盾分析方法,对混凝土养护箱进行优...传统混凝土养护箱存在着设定条件不足、设备较大、正常使用移动不便等问题,本文基于TRIZ理论(Theory of the solution of inventive problems)中的功能分析、裁剪分析、因果轴分析、物-场分析和技术矛盾分析方法,对混凝土养护箱进行优化设计,并提出了一种可移动拆卸和远程操作设定的混凝土养护箱设计思路。展开更多
Marine plastic debris has been a pervasive issue since the last century, and research on its sources and fates plays a vital role in the establishment of mitigation measures. However, data on the quantity of plastic w...Marine plastic debris has been a pervasive issue since the last century, and research on its sources and fates plays a vital role in the establishment of mitigation measures. However, data on the quantity of plastic waste that enters the sea on a certain timescale remain largely unavailable in China. Here, we established a model using material flow analysis method based on life cycle assessment to follow plastic product from primary plastic to plastic waste with statistical data and monitoring data from accurate sources. This model can be used to estimate and forecast the annual input of plastic waste into the sea from China until 2020. In 2011, 0.547 3-0.751 5 million tons of plastic waste entered the seas in China, with a growth rate of 4.55% per year until 2017. And the amount will decrease to 0.257 1 to 0.353 1 million tons in 2020 under the influence of governmental management. The amount of plastic waste discharged from coastal areas calculated in this study was much larger than that from river, thus it is suggested to strengthen the governance and control of plastic waste in coastal fishery activities in China in order to reduce the amount of marine plastic waste input.展开更多
文摘传统混凝土养护箱存在着设定条件不足、设备较大、正常使用移动不便等问题,本文基于TRIZ理论(Theory of the solution of inventive problems)中的功能分析、裁剪分析、因果轴分析、物-场分析和技术矛盾分析方法,对混凝土养护箱进行优化设计,并提出了一种可移动拆卸和远程操作设定的混凝土养护箱设计思路。
基金The National Key Research and Development Program of China under contract No.2016YFC1402200the National Natural Science Foundation of China under contract No.41676190
文摘Marine plastic debris has been a pervasive issue since the last century, and research on its sources and fates plays a vital role in the establishment of mitigation measures. However, data on the quantity of plastic waste that enters the sea on a certain timescale remain largely unavailable in China. Here, we established a model using material flow analysis method based on life cycle assessment to follow plastic product from primary plastic to plastic waste with statistical data and monitoring data from accurate sources. This model can be used to estimate and forecast the annual input of plastic waste into the sea from China until 2020. In 2011, 0.547 3-0.751 5 million tons of plastic waste entered the seas in China, with a growth rate of 4.55% per year until 2017. And the amount will decrease to 0.257 1 to 0.353 1 million tons in 2020 under the influence of governmental management. The amount of plastic waste discharged from coastal areas calculated in this study was much larger than that from river, thus it is suggested to strengthen the governance and control of plastic waste in coastal fishery activities in China in order to reduce the amount of marine plastic waste input.