直线翼垂直轴风力机静态流场数值模拟与可视化试验

为研究翼型对直线翼垂直轴风力机启动特性的影响,选取了厚度相似的正装非对称翼型S809与通用对称翼型NACA0018进行两叶片垂直轴风力机的对比研究.首先,运用数值模拟的手段得到采用2种翼型风力机的周期静态力矩曲线,取得二者力矩差异较大的特定方位角,并且进一步获得特定方位角下的涡量图和矢量图.然后通过可视化试验得到叶片周围流场矢量图,并将其用来验证模拟结果的准确性.继而结合涡量图和矢量图,对2种风力机叶片周围的旋涡和流动变化情况进行分析.计算结果表明:2种翼型的力矩曲线随方位角变化规律一致,NACA0018翼型的启动性要好于正装S809翼型;叶片尾流的旋涡使流场变得不稳定,造成能量损失;2种翼型叶片尾流均有不同程度的旋涡产生,使流场变得不稳定,相比NACA0018翼型,正装S809翼型叶片后部的剪切流动更强,产生的旋涡更近,对叶片启动性的影响也更大.

具有阻力风杯结构的垂直轴风力机启动特性试验研究

为改善直线翼垂直轴风力机(SB-VAWT)的启动特性,在两叶片SB-VAWT内部安装了阻力风杯结构。为探明阻力风杯结构对两叶片SB-VAWT风力机静态启动特性的影响规律,对具有阻力风杯结构的垂直轴风力机(DS-VAWT)和两叶片SB-VAWT进行了转矩测量风洞试验和PIV可视化试验。结果表明:阻力风杯结构对SB-VAWT的风轮内部气流流动规律产生了显著影响。在一些方位角下,阻力风杯结构对SB-VAWT升力叶片尾部的流动分离现象改善明显,旋涡减弱,降低了能量损耗;在一个旋转周期中,阻力风杯结构的存在也产生了作用于风轮转轴的扭矩,因此具有阻力风杯结构的垂直轴风力机的静态启动力矩要高于无阻力风杯结构的情况。

Analysis of static structural mechanics of vertical axis wind turbine with lift-drag combined starting structures

The finite element analysis was carried out for a composite vertical axis wind turbine with lift-drag combined starting structures to ensure the structure safety of a vertical axis wind turbine(VAWT).The static and modal analysis of rotor of a composite vertical axis wind turbine was conducted by using ANSYS software.The relevant contour sketch of stress and deformation was obtained.The analysis was made for static structural mechanics,modal analysis of rotor and the total deformation and vibration profile to evaluate the influence on the working capability of the rotor.The analysis results show that the various structure parameters lie in the safety range of structural mechanics in the relative standards.The analysis showing the design safe to operate the rotor of a vertical axis wind turbine.The methods used in this study can be used as a good reference for the structural mechanics′analysis of VAWTs.