压电式喷墨打印技术是当今印刷行业的重要技术,压电式喷墨打印喷头需要一个精确、稳定的脉冲信号作为驱动电源。介绍了基于FPGA的DDS原理的梯形波脉冲信号源的原理、结构以及各模块的设计方法和实现方案。采用基于FPGA的DDS原理产生的...压电式喷墨打印技术是当今印刷行业的重要技术,压电式喷墨打印喷头需要一个精确、稳定的脉冲信号作为驱动电源。介绍了基于FPGA的DDS原理的梯形波脉冲信号源的原理、结构以及各模块的设计方法和实现方案。采用基于FPGA的DDS原理产生的梯形波脉冲信号源,波形参数比较精确、输出信号比较稳定且输出频率范围较大。该设计可实现电压幅值为0~2.5 V、梯形波脉宽10~25μs和输出信号频率0~30 k Hz的梯形波脉冲信号输出,可较好地匹配压电式喷墨打印喷头。仿真结果表明,该设计合理正确,实现了输出的梯形波脉冲信号的幅值、脉宽以及输出频率可调,并且可过滤大部分高频杂散和干扰,输出信号基本不出现失真。展开更多
Genome dynamics of pathogenic organisms are driven by plant host and pathogenic organism co-evolution, in which patho- gen genomes areused to overcome stresses imposed by hosts with various genetic backgrounds through...Genome dynamics of pathogenic organisms are driven by plant host and pathogenic organism co-evolution, in which patho- gen genomes areused to overcome stresses imposed by hosts with various genetic backgrounds through generation of a range of field isolates. This model also applies to the rice host and its fungal pathogen Magnaporthe oryzae. To better understand genetic variation of M. oryzae in nature, the field isolate V86010 from the Philippines was sequenced and ana- lyzed. Genome annotation found that the assembled V86010 genome was composed of 1 931 scaffolds with a combined length of 38.9 Mb. The average GC ratio is 51.3% and repetitive elements constitute 5.1% of the genome. A total of 11 857 genes including 616 effector protein genes were predicted using a combined analysis pipeline. All predicted genes and effector protein genes of isolate V86010 distribute on the eight chromosomes when aligned with the assembled genome of isolate 70-15. Effector protein genes are located disproportionately at several chromosomal ends. The Pot2 elements are abundant in V86010. Seven V86010-specific effector proteins were found to suppress programmed cell death induced by BAX in tobacco leaves using an Agrobacterium-mediated transient assay. Our results may provide useful information for further study of the molecular and genomic dynamics in the evolution of M. oryzae and rice host interactions, and for characterizing novel effectors and AVR genes in the rice blast pathogen.展开更多
文摘压电式喷墨打印技术是当今印刷行业的重要技术,压电式喷墨打印喷头需要一个精确、稳定的脉冲信号作为驱动电源。介绍了基于FPGA的DDS原理的梯形波脉冲信号源的原理、结构以及各模块的设计方法和实现方案。采用基于FPGA的DDS原理产生的梯形波脉冲信号源,波形参数比较精确、输出信号比较稳定且输出频率范围较大。该设计可实现电压幅值为0~2.5 V、梯形波脉宽10~25μs和输出信号频率0~30 k Hz的梯形波脉冲信号输出,可较好地匹配压电式喷墨打印喷头。仿真结果表明,该设计合理正确,实现了输出的梯形波脉冲信号的幅值、脉宽以及输出频率可调,并且可过滤大部分高频杂散和干扰,输出信号基本不出现失真。
基金supported by the grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (31528017 and 31461143019)
文摘Genome dynamics of pathogenic organisms are driven by plant host and pathogenic organism co-evolution, in which patho- gen genomes areused to overcome stresses imposed by hosts with various genetic backgrounds through generation of a range of field isolates. This model also applies to the rice host and its fungal pathogen Magnaporthe oryzae. To better understand genetic variation of M. oryzae in nature, the field isolate V86010 from the Philippines was sequenced and ana- lyzed. Genome annotation found that the assembled V86010 genome was composed of 1 931 scaffolds with a combined length of 38.9 Mb. The average GC ratio is 51.3% and repetitive elements constitute 5.1% of the genome. A total of 11 857 genes including 616 effector protein genes were predicted using a combined analysis pipeline. All predicted genes and effector protein genes of isolate V86010 distribute on the eight chromosomes when aligned with the assembled genome of isolate 70-15. Effector protein genes are located disproportionately at several chromosomal ends. The Pot2 elements are abundant in V86010. Seven V86010-specific effector proteins were found to suppress programmed cell death induced by BAX in tobacco leaves using an Agrobacterium-mediated transient assay. Our results may provide useful information for further study of the molecular and genomic dynamics in the evolution of M. oryzae and rice host interactions, and for characterizing novel effectors and AVR genes in the rice blast pathogen.
