目的了解佳木斯市2004-2017年肾综合征出血热(hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome,HFRS)流行病学特征,评价HFRS疫苗防控效果,并为预防控制提供科学依据。方法对佳木斯市2004-2017年HFRS网络直报资料进行描述性分析,率的比较采用卡...目的了解佳木斯市2004-2017年肾综合征出血热(hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome,HFRS)流行病学特征,评价HFRS疫苗防控效果,并为预防控制提供科学依据。方法对佳木斯市2004-2017年HFRS网络直报资料进行描述性分析,率的比较采用卡方检验。结果佳木斯市2004-2017年报告HFRS病例5318例,年平均发病率为15.33/10万,不同年份的平均发病率差异有统计学意义(χ^2=1856.94,P<0.05)。HFRS发病具有明显的季节特征;病例主要以青壮年男性为主;职业以农民为主,占69.76%;男女性别比为3.64∶1,男性平均发病率高于女性,差异有统计学意义(χ^2=1617.99,P<0.05);HFRS疫苗接种后发病率逐年下降。结论HFRS防控重点人群为农民,此外,工人、学生、离退休人员、家务等职业人群也应加强防护;疫苗接种对防控HFRS效果明显,建议提高45岁以上人群疫苗接种覆盖率。展开更多
Background Studies on human immunodeficiency virus type 1 （HIV-1） vaccines have recently focused on targeting the conserved neutralizing epitopes 2F5 and 4E10, and hence it is important to understand the extent of m...Background Studies on human immunodeficiency virus type 1 （HIV-1） vaccines have recently focused on targeting the conserved neutralizing epitopes 2F5 and 4E10, and hence it is important to understand the extent of mutations in these two viral epitopes. Here, we investigated the amino acid mutations in epitopes of 2F5 （ELDKWA, HIV-1 HXB2 env 662-667 aa） and 4E10 （NWFDIT, HIV-1 HXB2 env 671-676 aa） in the membrane proximal-external region of gp41 from clade B＇ HIV-1-infected individuals living in Henan province, China. We also examined the frequency of a mutation and its relation to disease progression.Methods A cohort of 54 treatment-na（i）ve HIV-1-infected individuals was recruited in this study, and 16 individuals were selected for a short-term longitudinal study on sequence evolution. The HIV-1 env gp41 gene was amplified, cloned, and sequenced, and predicted amino acid sequences were aligned for analysis.Results The mutations E662A and K665E on the 2F5 epitope and N671S and T676S on the 4E10 epitope were seen.Simultaneous RNA sequencing showed some discrepancies with proviral DNA sequences. In our longitudinal study,mutation levels of these two neutralizing epitopes were low but diverse and persistent. The frequencies of mutations within the 4E10 peptide NWFDIT in slow progressors were noticeably lower than those in AIDS patients （P ＜0.05）.Conclusions Antigenic variation of the neutralizing epitopes 2F5 and 4E10 is limited in subtype B＇ infection, and that 4E10 peptide mutation is correlated with disease progression. Monitoring epitope mutations will offer useful data for development of the candidate 2F5-like and 4E10-like antibodies to prevent and treat AIDS.展开更多
文摘目的了解佳木斯市2004-2017年肾综合征出血热(hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome,HFRS)流行病学特征,评价HFRS疫苗防控效果,并为预防控制提供科学依据。方法对佳木斯市2004-2017年HFRS网络直报资料进行描述性分析,率的比较采用卡方检验。结果佳木斯市2004-2017年报告HFRS病例5318例,年平均发病率为15.33/10万,不同年份的平均发病率差异有统计学意义(χ^2=1856.94,P<0.05)。HFRS发病具有明显的季节特征;病例主要以青壮年男性为主;职业以农民为主,占69.76%;男女性别比为3.64∶1,男性平均发病率高于女性,差异有统计学意义(χ^2=1617.99,P<0.05);HFRS疫苗接种后发病率逐年下降。结论HFRS防控重点人群为农民,此外,工人、学生、离退休人员、家务等职业人群也应加强防护;疫苗接种对防控HFRS效果明显,建议提高45岁以上人群疫苗接种覆盖率。
文摘Background Studies on human immunodeficiency virus type 1 （HIV-1） vaccines have recently focused on targeting the conserved neutralizing epitopes 2F5 and 4E10, and hence it is important to understand the extent of mutations in these two viral epitopes. Here, we investigated the amino acid mutations in epitopes of 2F5 （ELDKWA, HIV-1 HXB2 env 662-667 aa） and 4E10 （NWFDIT, HIV-1 HXB2 env 671-676 aa） in the membrane proximal-external region of gp41 from clade B＇ HIV-1-infected individuals living in Henan province, China. We also examined the frequency of a mutation and its relation to disease progression.Methods A cohort of 54 treatment-na（i）ve HIV-1-infected individuals was recruited in this study, and 16 individuals were selected for a short-term longitudinal study on sequence evolution. The HIV-1 env gp41 gene was amplified, cloned, and sequenced, and predicted amino acid sequences were aligned for analysis.Results The mutations E662A and K665E on the 2F5 epitope and N671S and T676S on the 4E10 epitope were seen.Simultaneous RNA sequencing showed some discrepancies with proviral DNA sequences. In our longitudinal study,mutation levels of these two neutralizing epitopes were low but diverse and persistent. The frequencies of mutations within the 4E10 peptide NWFDIT in slow progressors were noticeably lower than those in AIDS patients （P ＜0.05）.Conclusions Antigenic variation of the neutralizing epitopes 2F5 and 4E10 is limited in subtype B＇ infection, and that 4E10 peptide mutation is correlated with disease progression. Monitoring epitope mutations will offer useful data for development of the candidate 2F5-like and 4E10-like antibodies to prevent and treat AIDS.
