Dynamics of different pulse types in a single-/dualwavelength mode-locked fiber laser

We explore for the first time the real-time spectra of dissipative soliton(DS)and noise-like pulse(NLP)inter-switching by adjusting the pump power,as well as the dual-pulse collision dynamics for three modes:dual-NLP,NLP-DS,and dual-DS in a single-/dual-wavelength mode-locked fiber laser.Different types of dual-pulses differ in collision duration.During spectral reconstruction,dual-pulses exchange energy twice due to their respective accumulation dynamics.Additionally,collisioninduced soliton explosions have chaotic properties,leading to each collision being random.The experimental results advance the study of the dynamics of different pulse types and also contribute to the conduction of in-depth investigations on dual-comb sources.

1.6-μm single-frequency erbium-doped fiber laser based on two cascaded subrings

We demonstrate a stable narrow linewidth single-frequency erbium-doped fiber laser(EDFL)operating at 1.6μm.A Fabry–Perot fiber Bragg grating and two cascaded subrings are incorporated in the main ring cavity to achieve singlefrequency operation.The experimentally measured optical signal-to-noise ratio is greater than 73 dB.Furthermore,the linewidth of the EDFL is measured to be about 480 Hz by the self-built short-delayed self-heterodyne interferometry device.The laser shows superior stability,with no mode-hopping during the 60-min observation period.The proposed EDFL provides a new experimental idea for realizing a single-frequency fiber laser in the L-band.

Wavelength-flexible all-polarization-maintaining self-sweeping fiber laser based on intracavity loss tuning

We reported a wavelength-flexible all-polarization-maintaining self-sweeping fiber laser based on the intracavity loss tuning brought by the bent optical fiber. The bidirectional cavity structure achieved the self-sweeping effect due to the appearance of the dynamic grating in the active fiber with the spatial hole burning effect. Under this, a section of fiber was bent into a circle for adjusting the loss of the cavity. With a descending diameter of bent fiber circle, the sweeping range moves to the shorter wavelength and covers a wide range from 1055.6 to 1034.6 nm eventually. Both the initial wavelength of self-sweeping regime and the threshold of the fiber laser show exponential correlation with the diameter of the circular fiber. Our work provides a compact and low-cost way to achieve the broad wavelength-flexible self-sweeping operation.

Stimulated Brillouin scattering induced all-optical modulation in graphene microfiber

Graphene microfibers are burgeoning modulators with great potential in all-optical communication. One of the critical issues that remains to be understood is the dynamic mechanism of light–graphene interaction. Here, we propose a power dependent modulation by using 980 nm pump light and 1064 nm signal light via graphene microfiber, and the results show a strong transmission reduction and frequency blue shift with the increase of pump power. The experimental observation is attributed to a stimulated Brillouin scattering process induced by the pump light. Power and frequency variations are a result of energy transition of the scattered phonon in the fiber. This work reveals the nonlinear effect process in the light–graphene interaction and provides a new method for power and frequency control with graphene all-optical modulation.

Wavelength-tunable dissipative soliton from Yb-doped fiber laser with nonlinear amplifying loop mirror

We report a Yb-doped mode-locked fiber laser based on a nonlinear amplifying loop mirror[NALM],which is all-normaldispersion[ANDi],and allows the output wavelength to be tunable.The laser can generate a stable femtosecond dissipative soliton with a maximum output power of 196 mW.Its repetition rate is 112.4 MHz,and the final pulse duration is 236 fs.By adjusting the angle of the reflective diffraction grating,the mode-locked fiber laser was realized to tune the output with a tuning range of 54 nm from 1011.8 nm to 1065.6 nm.To the best of our knowledge,this is the widest tuning range of an ANDi Yb-doped mode-locked fiber laser based on NALM.

Dynamics of frequency detuning in a hybrid Er-doped mode-locked fiber laser

Frequency detuning of mode-locked fiber lasers displays many remarkable nonlinear dynamical behaviors.Here we report for the first time the evolution of pulses from mode-locking through period pulsation to Q-switched mode-locking for three fundamental cases.Our experiments are performed in a hybrid actively and passively amplitude-modulated all-fiber polarization-maintaining mode-locked fiber laser,where the amplitude modulation frequency artificially deviates from the fundamental frequency of the cavity.We design and numerically simulate the laser with coupled Ginzburg–Landau equations.The experimentally observed dynamics of the mode detuning process is discussed with the assistance of the fitted model and numerical simulations,showing the generalizability of the optical mode detuning variation process.Our work provides fundamental insights for understanding perturbations in nonlinear optical resonant cavities and expands the ideas for studying chaotic path theory in hybrid mode-locked fiber lasers.