BL03HB: a Laue microdiffraction beamline for both protein crystallography and materials science at SSRF

A Laue microdiffraction beamline(BL03HB) was constructed at the Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility(SSRF).This beamline features two consecutive focusing points in two different sectors within its end station, the first dedicated to protein crystallography and the other tailored to materials science applications. Based on a superbend dipole magnet with a magnetic field of 2.29 T, a two-stage focusing design was implemented with two sets of Kirkpatrick-Baez mirrors to achieve a micro white beam as small as 4.2 μ m ×4.3 μ m at the first sector and 0.9 μ m ×1.3 μ m at the second sector in the standard beamline operation mode at SSRF. The X-ray microbeam in the two sectors can be easily switched between monochromatic and white beams by moving a four-bounce monochromator in or out of the light path, respectively. In the protein crystallography sector, white-beam Laue microdiffraction was demonstrated to successfully determine the structure of protein crystals from only a few images of diffraction data collected by a Pilatus 2 M area detector. In the materials science sector,the white-beam Laue diffraction was collected in a reflection geometry using another Pilatus 2 M area detector, which could map the microstructural distribution on the sample surface by scanning the samples. In general, the BL03HB beamline promotes the application of Laue microdiffraction in both protein crystallography and materials science. This paper presents a comprehensive overview of the BL03HB beamline, end station, and the first commission results.

Verification and Improvement of the Ability of CFSv2 to Predict the Antarctic Oscillation in Boreal Spring

The boreal spring Antarctic Oscillation(AAO)has a significant impact on the spring and summer climate in China.This study evaluates the capability of the NCEP's Climate Forecast System,version 2(CFSv2),in predicting the boreal spring AAO for the period 1983-2015.The results indicate that CFSv2 has poor skill in predicting the spring AAO,failing to predict the zonally symmetric spatial pattern of the AAO,with an insignificant correlation of 0.02 between the predicted and observed AAO Index(AAOI).Considering the interannual increment approach can amplify the prediction signals,we firstly establish a dynamical-statistical model to improve the interannual increment of the AAOI(DY AAOI),with two predictors of CFSv2-forecasted concurrent spring sea surface temperatures and observed preceding autumn sea ice.This dynamical-statistical model demonstrates good capability in predicting DY AAOI,with a significant correlation coeffcient of 0.58 between the observation and prediction during 1983-2015 in the two-year-out cross-validation.Then,we obtain an improved AAOI by adding the improved DY AAOI to the preceding observed AAOI.The improved AAOI shows a significant correlation coeffcient of 0.45 with the observed AAOI during 1983-2015.Moreover,the unrealistic atmospheric response to March-April-May sea ice in CFSv2 may be the possible cause for the failure of CFSv2 to predict the AAO.This study gives new clues regarding AAO prediction and short-term climate prediction.

Efficient Carbon-Based CsPbBr_3 Inorganic Perovskite Solar Cells by Using Cu-Phthalocyanine as Hole Transport Material

Metal halide perovskite solar cells(PSCs) have attracted extensive research interest for next-generation solution-processed photovoltaic devices because of their high solar-to-electric power conversion efficiency(PCE)and low fabrication cost. Although the world's best PSC successfully achieves a considerable PCE of over 20% within a very limited timeframe after intensive efforts, the stability, high cost, and up-scaling of PSCs still remain issues. Recently, inorganic perovskite material, CsPbBr_3, is emerging as a promising photo-sensitizer with excellent durability and thermal stability, but the efficiency is still embarrassing. In this work, we intend to address these issues by exploiting CsPbBr_3 as light absorber, accompanied by using Cu-phthalocyanine(CuPc) as hole transport material(HTM) and carbon as counter electrode. The optimal device acquires a decent PCE of 6.21%, over 60% higher than those of the HTM-free devices. The systematic characterization and analysis reveal a more effective charge transfer process and a suppressed charge recombination in PSCs after introducing CuPc as hole transfer layer. More importantly, our devices exhibit an outstanding durability and a promising thermal stability, making it rather meaningful in future fabrication and application of PSCs.

Color-related chlorophyll and carotenoid concentrations of Chinese kale can be altered through CRISPR/Cas9 targeted editing of the carotenoid isomerase gene BoaCRTISO

The carotenoid isomerase gene(BoaCRTISO)of Chinese kale was targeted and edited using the CRISPR/Cas9 system in the present study.The results showed a high mutation rate(81.25%),and 13 crtiso mutants were obtained.Only two types of mutations,insertions and replacements,were found.Both the total and individual carotenoid and chlorophyll concentrations of the biallelic and homozygous mutants were reduced,and the total levels declined by 11.89–36.33%.The color of the biallelic and homozygous mutants changed from green to yellow,likely reflecting a reduction in the color-masking effect of chlorophyll on carotenoids.The expression levels of most carotenoid and chlorophyll biosynthesis-related genes,including CRTISO,were notably lower in the mutants than in the WT plants.In addition,the functional differences between members of this gene family were discussed.In summary,these findings indicate that CRISPR/Cas9 is a promising technique for the quality improvement of Chinese kale and other Brassica vegetables.

Physical property and hydrocarbon enrichment characteristics of tight oil reservoir in Chang 7 division of Yanchang Formation,Xin’anbian oilfield,Ordos Basin,China

Xin’anbian Oilfield of the Ordos Basin is the large tight oilfield to be first exploration discovery in china.The production of tight oil increased significantly in recent years.It shows great exploration potential of Chang 7 tight oil.But the physical property and hydrocarbon enrichment characteristics of Chang 7 tight oil reservoirs were rarely studied,The forming conditions of tight oil reservoirs are systematically summarized and analyzed through the study of hydrocarbon generation,sedimentary reservoirs and hydrocarbon migration and accumulation based on production and core experimental data.The result shows that,The porosity of the Chang 7_(2)reservoir mainly distributed in 5.0-11.0%,average at 7.9%,The permeability mainly distributed in 0.04-0.18×10^(-3)μm^(2),average at 0.12×10^(-3)μm^(2),The pore diameters of the tight oil reservoir distributed in 2-8μm.The high-quality Chang 7_(3)source rocks and the micropsammite of Chang 7_(2)subaqueous distributary channel were widely distributed in the study area.The lenticular or banded sand bodies are distributed among mudstone or hydrocarbon source rocks and have the advantage of migration distance for hydrocarbon accumulation.The reservoir space is composed of micro-nanometer pores and throat,that is formed in the process of increasing pressure during hydrocarbon generation and hydrocarbon accumulation.The Chang 7 tight oil was generated in the early Cretaceous and injected into the sand of the subaqueous distributary channel driven by continuous hydrocarbon generation supercharging.The formation and accumulation of tight oil reservoirs are mainly controlled by source rocks,sedimentary microfacies and reservoirs of good quality.

A Combinative Assembly Strategy Inspired Reversibly Borate-Bridged Polymeric Micelles for Lesion-Specific Rapid Release of Anti-Coccidial Drugs

Stimuli-triggered drug delivery systems hold vast promise in local infection treatment for the site-specific targeting and shuttling of drugs.Herein,chitosan conjugates(SPCS)installed with sialic acid(SA)and phenylboronic acid(PBA)were synthesized,of which SA served as targeting ligand for coccidium and reversible-binding bridge for PBA.The enhanced drug-loading capacity of SPCS micelles was attributed to a combination assembly from hydrophobicity-driving and reversible borate bridges.The drug-loaded SPCS micelles shared superior biostability in upper gastrointestinal tract.After reaching the lesions,the borate bridges were snipped by carbohydrates under a higher pH followed by accelerated drug release,while SA exposure on micellar surface facilitated drug cellular internalization to eliminate parasites inside.The drugmicelles revealed an enhanced anti-coccidial capacity with a higher index of 185.72 compared with commercial preparation.The dual-responsive combination of physicochemical assembly could provide an efficient strategy for the exploitation of stable,safe and flexible anti-infectious drug delivery systems.

Birthing ball on promoting cervical ripening and its influence on the labor process and the neonatal blood gas index

BACKGROUND Term pregnancy-induced labor refers to the use of artificial methods to induce uterine contractions and terminate pregnancy after 37 wk.It is a common method to prevent overdue pregnancy and to deal with high-risk pregnancies.In addition,it can alleviate maternal complications and cause the fetus to leave the adverse intrauterine environment early,which is beneficial to the outcome of pregnancy.AIM To explore the effect of a birthing ball on labor by inducing cervical ripening and its influence on labor and the neonatal blood gas index.METHODS Twenty-two women who were scheduled to undergo labor induction and delivery in the obstetrics department of our hospital were randomly divided into two groups:the delivery ball group(childbirth ball combined with COOK balloon induction)and the conventional group(COOK balloon induction alone).The cervical Bishop score before and after intervention,duration of labor at each stage,mode of delivery,neonatal umbilical venous blood pH,oxygen partial pressure(PO_(2)),carbon dioxide partial pressure(PCO_(2)),and the 1-min Apgar score were recorded.RESULTS After the intervention,the cervical Bishop score of the delivery ball group(7.84±1.52)was significantly higher than that of the conventional group(7.32±1.29)(P<0.05),and the cervical Bishop scores of the two groups after intervention were significantly higher than those before intervention(P<0.05).After the intervention,the first stage of labor(510.9±98.7 min),the second stage of labor(43.0±8.5 min),and the total duration of labor(560.0±120.9 min)in the delivery ball group were lower than those in the routine group,with a first stage of labor of 602.1±133.2 min,a second stage of labor of 48.4±9.1 min,and a total duration of labor of 656.8±148.5 min(P<0.05).There was no significant difference in the time of the third stage of labor between the two groups(P>0.05).There was no significant difference in the pH,PO_(2),and PCO_(2) values of newborns between the delivery ball group and the conventional group(P>0.05).The 1-min Apgar score of the delivery ball group was higher than that of the conventional group(9.10±0.38 points vs 8.94±0.31 points,P<0.05).The natural delivery rate of the delivery ball group was higher than that of the conventional group(91.00%vs 78.00%,P<0.05).CONCLUSION The use of a birthing ball combined with a COOK balloon for inducing labor has a better effect on promoting cervical ripening,shortening the time of labor,and improving the Apgar score of newborns.

Fermented soy whey induced changes on intestinal microbiota and metabolic influence in mice

Soy whey(SW)is generated as process waste while preparing soy protein isolates(SPI),and causing severe environmental pollution.Therefore,its value-added utilization is of prime importance for transforming and upgrading traditional industry.This study aims to utilize SW as a substrate for the growth of probiotics and produce a SW based synbiotics.By a series of trials,the effect of the dietary supplementation with this fermented SW(FSW)was analyzed on ICR mice's body weight,metabolites,and intestinal microbiota in 4 weeks.The results showed that,when SW was concentrated 15 times,the count of viable Lactobacillus casei reached 3.4×10^(9) CFU/mL by liquid fermentation method,which was the highest viable cell count among all test strains.In this FSW,the protein,amino acid,total dietary fibre,soluble dietary fibre,and oligosaccharide were 2.10%,1.63%,0.52%,0.51% and 0.79%,respectively.Compared to two control group,the total yields of the short chain fatty acids(SCFAs)were significantly improved(75%-125% at average),while the SCFAs structure was also significantly changed(especially acetic acid and butyrate)in the faeces of mice fed FSW.Meanwhile,FSW dietary addition was associated with the diversity and richness of the intestinal microbiota.Obviously,with mice's body weight loss,Firmicutes/Bacteroides ratio reduced accordingly(<1.21),and the abundance of Akkermansia muciniphila was significantly increased(the maximum amount was about 0.013%).In summary,our results indicated that the dietary supplementation of FSW affected mice's intestinal microbiota and metabolism and improved their health profile.

Oxygen vacancies and V co-doped Co_(3)O_(4) prepared by ion implantation boosts oxygen evolution catalysis

Introducing heteroatoms and defects is a significant strategy to improve oxygen evolution reaction(OER)performance of electrocatalysts.However,the synergistic interaction of the heteroatom and defect still needs further investigations.Herein,we demonstrated an oxygen vacancy-rich vanadium-doped Co_(3)O_(4)(V-Ov-Co_(3)O_(4)),fabricated by V-ion implantation,could be used for high-efficient OER catalysis.X-ray photoelectron spectra(XPS)and density functional theory(DFT)calculations show that the charge density of Co atom increased,and the reaction barrier of reaction pathway from O∗to HOO∗decreased.V-Ov-Co_(3)O_(4) catalyst shows a low overpotential of 329 mV to maintain current density of 10 mA·cm^(−2),and a small Tafel slope of 74.5 mV·dec^(−1).This modification provides us with valuable perception for future design of heteroatom-doped and defect-based electrocatalysts.

Influence of three types of boreal summer intraseasonal oscillation on summer precipitation over the Yangtze River Valley

本文研究了三种来源于印度洋的北半球夏季季节内振荡(BSISO)对长江中下游地区降水的影响.结果表明,在所有BSISO类型中水汽辐合对降水异常的贡献最大.在经典型中,伴随着自副热带西太平洋向西北太平洋传播的正(负)对流异常的气旋(反气旋)使得降水在-2(-1至3)侯减少(增加).在向东扩展型中,由于在印度洋的正(负)对流异常激发的遥响应在西北太平洋引起反气旋(气旋),降水在-2至0(1至3)侯增加(减少).在向北偶极子型中,由于伴随着正(负)对流异常的气旋(反气旋)从中国南海移动到西北太平洋,降水在-2至0(1至3)侯减少(增加).

Positive Solutions for a Boundary Value Problem with a Derivative Argument

In this paper, several existence results of multiple positive solutions are obtained for a boundary value problem with p-Laplacian, by applying a fixed point theorem in cones. The interesting point is that the nonlinear term f is involved with the first-order derivative explicitly.

Existence Theorem about Triple Positive Solutions for a Boundary Value Problem with p-Laplacian

In this paper, by applying a fixed point theorem to verify the existence of at least three positive solutions to a three-point boundary value problem with p-Laplacian. The interesting point is the nonlinear term is involved with the first-order derivative explicitly.

Heat transfer and temperature evolution in underground mininginduced overburden fracture and ground fissures: Optimal time window of UAV infrared monitoring

Heat transfer and temperature evolution in overburden fracture and ground fissures are one of the essential topics for the identification of ground fissures via unmanned aerial vehicle(UAV) infrared imager. In this study, discrete element software UDEC was employed to investigate the overburden fracture field under different mining conditions. Multiphysics software COMSOL were employed to investigate heat transfer and temperature evolution of overburden fracture and ground fissures under the influence of mining condition, fissure depth, fissure width, and month alternation. The UAV infrared field measurements also provided a calibration for numerical simulation. The results showed that for ground fissures connected to underground goaf(Fissure Ⅰ), the temperature difference increased with larger mining height and shallow buried depth. In addition, Fissure Ⅰ located in the boundary of the goaf have a greater temperature difference and is easier to be identified than fissures located above the mining goaf. For ground fissures having no connection to underground goaf(Fissure Ⅱ), the heat transfer is affected by the internal resistance of the overlying strata fracture when the depth of Fissure Ⅱ is greater than10 m, the temperature of Fissure Ⅱ gradually equals to the ground temperature as the fissures’ depth increases, and the fissures are difficult to be identified. The identification effect is most obvious for fissures larger than 16 cm under the same depth. In spring and summer, UAV infrared identification of mining fissures should be carried out during nighttime. This study provides the basis for the optimal time and season for the UAV infrared identification of different types of mining ground fissures.

Distinct Interannual Variability and Physical Mechanisms of Snowfall Frequency over the Eurasian Continent during Autumn and Winter

This study investigates the dominant modes of interannual variability of snowfall frequency over the Eurasian continent during autumn and winter,and explores the underlying physical mechanisms.The first EOF mode(EOF1)of snowfall frequency during autumn is mainly characterized by positive anomalies over the Central Siberian Plateau(CSP)and Europe,with opposite anomalies over Central Asia(CA).EOF1 during winter is characterized by positive anomalies in Siberia and negative anomalies in Europe and East Asia(EA).During autumn,EOF1 is associated with the anomalous sea ice in the Kara–Laptev seas(KLS)and sea surface temperature(SST)over the North Atlantic.Increased sea ice in the KLS may cause an increase in the meridional air temperature gradient,resulting in increased synoptic-scale wave activity,thereby inducing increased snowfall frequency over Europe and the CSP.Anomalous increases of both sea ice in the KLS and SST in the North Atlantic may stimulate downstream propagation of Rossby waves and induce an anomalous high in CA corresponding to decreased snowfall frequency.In contrast,EOF1 is mainly affected by the anomalous atmospheric circulation during winter.In the positive phase of the North Atlantic Oscillation(NAO),an anomalous deep cold low(warm high)occurs over Siberia(Europe)leading to increased(decreased)snowfall frequency over Siberia(Europe).The synoptic-scale wave activity excited by the positive NAO can induce downstream Rossby wave propagation and contribute to an anomalous high and descending motion over EA,which may inhibit snowfall.The NAO in winter may be modulated by the Indian Ocean dipole and sea ice in the Barents-Kara-Laptev Seas in autumn.

Novel self-embedding holographic watermarking image encryption protection scheme

For digital image transmission security and information copyright,a new holographic image self-embedding watermarking encryption scheme is proposed.Firstly,the plaintext is converted to the RGB three-color channel,the corresponding phase hologram is obtained by holographic technology and the watermark is self-embedded in the frequency domain.Secondly,by applying the Hilbert transform principle and genetic center law,a complete set of image encryption algorithms is constructed to realize the encryption of image information.Finally,simulation results and security analysis indicate that the scheme can effectively encrypt and decrypt image information and realize the copyright protection of information.The introduced scheme can provide some support for relevant theoretical research,and has practical significance.

Phase-field simulations of the effect of temperature and interface for zirconiumδ-hydrides

Hydride precipitation in zirconium cladding materials can damage their integrity and durability.Service temperature and material defects have a significant effect on the dynamic growth of hydrides.In this study,we have developed a phasefield model based on the assumption of elastic behaviour within a specific temperature range(613 K-653 K).This model allows us to study the influence of temperature and interfacial effects on the morphology,stress,and average growth rate of zirconium hydride.The results suggest that changes in temperature and interfacial energy influence the length-to-thickness ratio and average growth rate of the hydride morphology.The ultimate determinant of hydride orientation is the loss of interfacial coherency,primarily induced by interfacial dislocation defects and quantifiable by the mismatch degree q.An escalation in interfacial coherency loss leads to a transition of hydride growth from horizontal to vertical,accompanied by the onset of redirection behaviour.Interestingly,redirection occurs at a critical mismatch level,denoted as qc,and remains unaffected by variations in temperature and interfacial energy.However,this redirection leads to an increase in the maximum stress,which may influence the direction of hydride crack propagation.This research highlights the importance of interfacial coherency and provides valuable insights into the morphology and growth kinetics of hydrides in zirconium alloys.

Future changes in compound drought events and associated population and GDP exposure in China based on CMIP6

相较于一种类型的干旱,几种类型的干旱同时发生的复合型干旱事件对人类社会造成的危害更加严重.本研究采用CMIP6资料,研究中国复合型干旱事件及其相关社会经济暴露度的未来变化.结果表明,西北北部,西南和华南地区复合型干旱事件频次,持续时间和严重程度增加,而华北和东北地区则减少.复合型干旱事件的人口暴露度在长江流域南部大幅增加,在长江流域以北的东部大幅减少,其中气候和人口均对人口暴露度的变化有重要影响.由于GDP的快速增长,中国未来几乎所有地区复合型干旱事件的GDP暴露度增加,特别是在中国东部,GDP效应对GDP暴露度变化的相对贡献最大.

UDT:U-shaped deformable transformer for subarachnoid haemorrhage image segmentation

Subarachnoid haemorrhage(SAH),mostly caused by the rupture of intracranial aneu-rysm,is a common disease with a high fatality rate.SAH lesions are generally diffusely distributed,showing a variety of scales with irregular edges.The complex characteristics of lesions make SAH segmentation a challenging task.To cope with these difficulties,a u-shaped deformable transformer(UDT)is proposed for SAH segmentation.Specifically,first,a multi-scale deformable attention(MSDA)module is exploited to model the diffuseness and scale-variant characteristics of SAH lesions,where the MSDA module can fuse features in different scales and adjust the attention field of each element dynamically to generate discriminative multi-scale features.Second,the cross deformable attention-based skip connection(CDASC)module is designed to model the irregular edge char-acteristic of SAH lesions,where the CDASC module can utilise the spatial details from encoder features to refine the spatial information of decoder features.Third,the MSDA and CDASC modules are embedded into the backbone Res-UNet to construct the proposed UDT.Extensive experiments are conducted on the self-built SAH-CT dataset and two public medical datasets(GlaS and MoNuSeg).Experimental results show that the presented UDT achieves the state-of-the-art performance.

关节镜下内固定关节融合术对晚期踝关节炎患者的疗效及AOFAS和VAS评分的影响

目的探讨关节镜下内固定关节融合术对晚期踝关节炎患者的疗效及美国矫形足踝协会评分系统(AOFAS)和疼痛视觉模拟评分(VAS)的影响。方法选取该院2012年1月-2015年1月收治的晚期踝关节炎患者84例,采用前瞻性研究的方法将研究对象随机分为实验组(42例)及对照组(42例),对照组患者采用传统开放性踝关节融合术,实验组在关节镜辅助下行内固定关节融合术。比较患者手术时间、术中出血量、术后住院时间和并发症发生率,同时随访12~36个月,采用AOFAS评分系统评估疗效,采用VAS评估患者踝关节疼痛程度。结果实验组的手术时间、术中出血量明显少于对照组(P<0.05);两组患者术后情况对比,实验组术后住院时间及关节融合时间均少于对照组(P<0.05);随访1年结果显示:实验组VAS及AOFAS评分均优于对照组(P<0.05),实验组并发症发生率(9.52%)明显低于对照组(28.57%)(P<0.05)。结论关节镜下内固定关节融合术手术时间短、术中出血量少、并发症发生率低,术后愈合率高,远期随访疗效确切,适合在临床推广使用。

保留左结肠动脉在直肠癌患者腹腔镜下直肠癌根治术(Dixon术)中的应用

目的探讨在腹腔镜下直肠癌根治术(Dixon术)中采用低位切除保留左结肠动脉(LCA)的临床应用价值。方法回顾性分析2017年1月-2021年1月该院收治的98例行Dixon术的直肠癌患者的病例资料,根据术中是否保留LCA分为观察组(n=53)和对照组(n=45)。观察组采用低位结扎肠系膜下动脉(IMA)保留LCA治疗,对照组采用高位结扎IMA不保留LCA治疗。比较两组患者术中、术后并发症的发生率,以及复发和转移情况。结果两组患者手术时间、术中出血量、术后排气时间、淋巴结清扫总数、阳性淋巴结数、No.253组淋巴结清扫数和预防性造口比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。观察组住院时间为(10.38±1.26)d,明显短于对照组的(11.06±1.31)d,两组患者比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组术后并发症发生率为5.66%,明显低于对照组的31.11%,两组患者比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。两组患者术后复发率、转移率及累积生存率比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论保留LCA的腹腔镜下Dixon术可以达到和高位切除同样程度的淋巴结清除,同时降低了吻合口瘘发生率,缩短了住院时间。