开关柜凝露现象机理分析研究

开关柜内部产生凝露时,会使零部件腐蚀和电气设备绝缘性能下降,引发设备绝缘闪络等。针对上述现象,在人工环境气候室内搭建了开关柜凝露观测系统,记录了开关柜内不同温湿度条件下凝露形成时间。结果表明:凝露形成时间是由柜内温度和相对湿度共同决定的,柜内温度越高、相对湿度越大,凝露形成时间越短。文中分析了含湿量与温度和相对湿度的关系,得出含湿量随温度和相对湿度的升高而增大,从理论上解释了凝露形成时间与温湿度之间的关系,证明了试验结果的准确性。

深层—超深层高温极强超压砂砾岩储层特征及主控因素——以准噶尔盆地南缘四棵树凹陷高泉地区白垩系清水河组为例

为研究埋深为5.5~6.5 km极强超压环境下砂砾岩储层特征,以准噶尔盆地南缘四棵树凹陷高泉地区清水河组为例,根据露头、岩心、SEM、CT扫描、铸体薄片等资料,分析岩石矿物学、物性及孔隙特征,探讨沉积、成岩、构造、超压对砂砾岩储层的影响。结果表明:清水河组储层为中砾岩、细砾岩及砂岩,岩石类型为岩屑砂岩,发育粒内溶孔及微米级粒间孔,普遍见微细裂缝,整体为超低孔—超低渗储层;深埋压实是储层致密化主控因素,沉积相带及岩石类型控制储层物性及微观结构,表现为平原亚相河道差于前缘亚相水下分支河道,细砾岩岩相物性、喉道优于中砾岩及砂岩的;超压体系减缓伊利石的转化与储层的压实程度,多期构造运动增缝、高温酸性流体增溶,改善储层品质。

Surfactant induced reservoir wettability alteration:Recent theoretical and experimental advances in enhanced oil recovery

Reservoir wettability plays an important role in various oil recovery processes.The origin and evolution of reservoir wettability were critically reviewed to better understand the complexity of wettability due to interactions in crude oil-brine-rock system,with introduction of different wetting states and their influence on fluid distribution in pore spaces.The effect of wettability on oil recovery of waterflooding was then summarized from past and recent research to emphasize the importance of wettability in oil displacement by brine.The mechanism of wettability alteration by different surfactants in both carbonate and sandstone reservoirs was analyzed,concerning their distinct surface chemistry,and different interaction patterns of surfactants with components on rock surface.Other concerns such as the combined effect of wettability alteration and interfacial tension （IFT） reduction on the imbibition process was also taken into account.Generally,surfactant induced wettability alteration for enhanced oil recovery is still in the stage of laboratory investigation.The successful application of this technique relies on a comprehensive survey of target reservoir conditions,and could be expected especially in low permeability fractured reservoirs and forced imbibition process.

Characteristics of CO_2 sequestration in saline aquifers

Storage of CO2 in saline aquifers is a viable option for reducing the amount of CO2 released to the atmosphere. This paper provides an overall review of CO2 sequestration in saline aquifers. First, the principles of CO2 sequestration are presented, including CO2 phase behavior, CO2-water-rock interaction, and CO2 trapping mechanisms. Then storage capacity and CO2 injectivity are discussed as the main determinants of the storage potential of saline aquifers. Next, a site section process is addressed considering basin characteristics, reservoir characteristics, and economic and social concerns. Three main procedures are then presented to investigate the suitability of a site for CO2 sequestration, including site screening, detailed site characterization, and pilot field-scale test. The methods for these procedures are also presented, such as traditional site characterization methods, laboratory experiments, and numerical simulation. Finally, some operational aspects of sequestration are discussed, including well type, injection rate, CO2 purity, and injection strategy.

华润深圳湾国际商业中心项目BIM运维管理平台应用

华润深圳湾国际商业中心项目BIM运维管理平台基于BIM模型和物联网技术将建筑模型信息、设施设备信息、楼宇自控系统、安防系统、能耗管理系统、电梯系统、停车场系统等在运维平台上进行综合集成,利用大数据、云计算技术,提高运行维护水平和综合服务水平。

基于自适应MSRCP算法的煤矿井下图像增强方法

煤矿井下视频监控技术是保障矿井安全生产的重要手段,而图像的质量直接关系到监控的有效性。多尺度Retinex算法被广泛应用在矿井图像增强上,为了达到最佳效果,往往需要手动调整高斯尺度、增益和偏移等参数。为了解决这一问题,提出一种基于自适应MSRCP算法的煤矿井下图像增强方法,使用粒子群优化算法(PSO)对带有颜色保护的多尺度Retinex算法(MSRCP)进行参数自适应调整,并在不同的矿井环境中与常用的Retinex标准方法做了对比试验。试验结果表明,所提出的方法对矿井图像增强时能有效抑制噪声和光晕,在色彩和边缘处理方面有所提升;矿井监控图像增强试验中,均值、方差、信息熵和峰值信噪比4个客观评价指标较传统MSRCP算法平均分别提高了5.53%、22.06%、1.34%、7.75%。

基于视频图像的储煤场煤堆自燃检测方法

在储煤场长期储煤的过程中,煤堆自燃会造成巨大的经济损失。根据煤炭自燃初期会产生烟雾的特点,提出一种基于视频图像的煤堆自燃检测方法。对储煤场视频图像进行预处理,以改善图像质量;结合差分图像和滤色规则提出一种疑似烟雾区域检测算法,进一步提取疑似区域的LBP纹理特征和HOG梯度特征;使用支持向量机(SVM)进行烟雾的综合判定。试验结果表明,该方法的检测准确性可达到95.0%以上,能有效检测煤堆自燃,进而提高储煤场的火灾预警能力。