The alkylation of methylnaphthalene（MN） with methanol in the presence of HZSM-5 is a promising route for producing 2,6-dimetylnaphthalene（2,6-DMN） with a high selectivity. However, the conversion of MN is very low...The alkylation of methylnaphthalene（MN） with methanol in the presence of HZSM-5 is a promising route for producing 2,6-dimetylnaphthalene（2,6-DMN） with a high selectivity. However, the conversion of MN is very low and the catalyst will be deactivated rapidly with increasing time on stream. In this study, the effects of the reaction pressure on the reactivity, selectivity and life of the catalyst of alkylation of MN over HZSM-5 modified by BaO were investigated. It was observed that with the enhancement of pressure, the conversion of MN increased, but the selectivity of 2,6-DMN kept unchanged, which was about 40% -42%. When the alkylation was carried out under a supercritical condition, the conversion of MN was 3-6 times higher and the life of catalyst was 25-30 times longer than those at an ambient pressure. The thermogravimetric analyses of the deactivated catalysts at different reaction pressures indicate that the amount of coke deposited on the catalysts was about 10% to 12 %, and the coke-burning reactions mainly took place in a temperature range from 720 to 860 K, and the apparent activation energies of the coke-burning catalysts at 0. 1 MPa（ 10 h） and 7. 6 MPa（ 108 h） were, respectively, 65.90 and 84. 72 kJ/mol. It is concluded from tile results that the supercritical condition is advantageous to enhancing the conversion of alkylation and extraction in situ, and to transporting those high molecular-weight poly-aromatic compounds so as to extend the catalyst life successively.展开更多
文摘目的·探讨在泛素蛋白酶体系统(ubiquitin proteasome system,UPS)受损的帕金森病(Parkinson's disease,PD)细胞模型中分子伴侣介导自噬(chaperone-mediated autophagy,CMA)对α-突触核蛋白低聚体水平的影响。方法·培养稳转野生型α-突触核蛋白的人神经母细胞瘤SK-N-SH细胞系,加入蛋白酶体抑制剂lactacystin构建PD细胞模型。通过Western blotting检测α-突触核蛋白低聚体、溶酶体相关膜蛋白2A型(lysosome-associated membrane protein type 2A,LAMP2A)和相对分子质量为70 000的热休克同源蛋白(heat-shock cognate protein of 70 kDa,HSC70)水平;使用LAMP2A siRNA抑制CMA功能,检测对α-突触核蛋白低聚体水平及细胞存活率的影响;通过免疫共沉淀观察LAMP2A与α-突触核蛋白低聚体的相互作用。结果·PD细胞模型中α-突触核蛋白低聚体表达水平升高,与CMA功能密切相关的蛋白LAMP2A和HSC70水平应激性增加;抑制LAMP2A表达,α-突触核蛋白低聚体水平进一步升高,细胞存活率降低,且通过免疫共沉淀检测到LAMP2A与α-突触核蛋白低聚体存在相互作用。结论·PD细胞模型中,CMA是调节α-突触核蛋白低聚体水平的途径之一,抑制其功能可进一步增加α-突触核蛋白低聚体水平及细胞毒性作用。
文摘The alkylation of methylnaphthalene（MN） with methanol in the presence of HZSM-5 is a promising route for producing 2,6-dimetylnaphthalene（2,6-DMN） with a high selectivity. However, the conversion of MN is very low and the catalyst will be deactivated rapidly with increasing time on stream. In this study, the effects of the reaction pressure on the reactivity, selectivity and life of the catalyst of alkylation of MN over HZSM-5 modified by BaO were investigated. It was observed that with the enhancement of pressure, the conversion of MN increased, but the selectivity of 2,6-DMN kept unchanged, which was about 40% -42%. When the alkylation was carried out under a supercritical condition, the conversion of MN was 3-6 times higher and the life of catalyst was 25-30 times longer than those at an ambient pressure. The thermogravimetric analyses of the deactivated catalysts at different reaction pressures indicate that the amount of coke deposited on the catalysts was about 10% to 12 %, and the coke-burning reactions mainly took place in a temperature range from 720 to 860 K, and the apparent activation energies of the coke-burning catalysts at 0. 1 MPa（ 10 h） and 7. 6 MPa（ 108 h） were, respectively, 65.90 and 84. 72 kJ/mol. It is concluded from tile results that the supercritical condition is advantageous to enhancing the conversion of alkylation and extraction in situ, and to transporting those high molecular-weight poly-aromatic compounds so as to extend the catalyst life successively.
