ZIF-8@改性微硅粉的制备及其Cu^(2+)吸附效果研究

为推动微硅粉废弃物的高附加值利用,本文采用原位合成法制备了ZIF-8@改性微硅粉混杂材料,然后采用FTIR、XRD、TG和SEM对其结构和形貌进行表征和分析。在此基础上,考察了微硅粉、酸化微硅粉、改性微硅粉以及ZIF-8@改性微硅粉混杂材料对Cu^(2+)的吸附性能,结果显示,其均对Cu^(2+)具有吸附作用。相对于微硅粉和酸化微硅粉,改性微硅粉拥有更好的吸附性能,而ZIF-8@改性微硅粉混杂材料对Cu^(2+)的吸附性能最优,吸附120min时最大吸附量可以达到17.87mg/g,相对于SF提高了约51.6%。

Temperature-regulation liquid gating membrane with controllable gas/liquid separation

Membrane separation technology with the ability to regulate gas/liquid transport and separation is critical for environmental fields, such as sewerage treatment, multiphase separation, and desalination. Although numerous membranes can dynamically control liquid-phase fluids transport via external stimuli, the transport and separation of gas-phase fluids remains a challenge. Here, we show a temperature-regulation liquid gating membrane that allows in-situ dynamically controllable gas/liquid transfer and multiphase separation by integrating a thermo-wettability responsive porous membrane with functional gating liquid. Experiments and theoretical analysis have demonstrated the temperature-regulation mechanism of this liquid gating system, which is based on thermo-responsive changes of porous membrane surface polarity, leading to changes in affinity between the porous membrane and the gating liquid. In addition, the sandwich configuration with dense Au-coated surfaces and heterogeneous internal components by a bistable interface design enables the liquid gating system to enhance response sensitivity and maintain working stability. This temperature-regulation gas/liquid transfer strategy expands the application range of liquid gating membranes,which are promising in environmental governance, water treatment and multiphase separation.

Expert Consensus on Polymyxin Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing and Clinical Interpretation

The polymyxins are important antimicrobial agents against antibiotic-resistant gram-negative bacilli.In 2020,the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute modified the clinical breakpoints for polymyxin susceptibility test by eliminating the"susceptible"interpretive category,only reporting intermediate(≤2 mg/L)and resistant(≥4 mg/L).However,the European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing recommended the use of clinical breakpoints of W2 mg/L as susceptible and>2 mg/L as resistant.The first-line laboratorians and clinicians in China have been perplexed by the inconsistence of international polymyxin clinical breakpoints and discouraged by the difficulty of conducting polymyxin susceptibility testing.Therefore,it is urgently needed to make it clear for the laboratorians in China to know how to accurately carry out polymyxin susceptibility testing and standardize the interpretation of susceptibility testing results.To this end,the experts from relevant fields were convened to formulate this consensus statement on the testing and clinical interpretation of polymyxin susceptibility.Relevant recommendations are proposed accordingly for laboratorians and clinicians to streamline their daily work.

Thermodynamics for the non-conventional synthesizing of out-of-plane ordered double-transition metal“312”and“413”MAX phases(o-MAX):A high throughput linear programing first-principles calculation

The reaction thermodynamics for synthesizing the“312”and“413”o-MAX phases using the powder met-allurgy are investigated using a linear programing optimization algorithm based on the high-throughput first principles phonon calculations.The validity and reliability of the current methodology are verified by correctly predicting the impurities in four experimentally known o-MAX systems including Cr-Ti-Al-C,Cr-V-Al-C,Mo-Sc-Al-C and Mo-Ti-Al-C.The formability of each investigated o-MAX phase is evaluated by means of formation enthalpy and formation Gibbs free energy in a temperature range from 0 K to 1700 K.It is revealed that the thermodynamic stability of the“413”o-MAX structure is no better than that of the“312”phase.The formability of“413”o-MAX is also reduced at high sintering temperature,compared to that of“312”phase.The optimal synthetic routes are predicted for all thermodynamically stable“312”and“413”o-MAX phases.It is found that most o-MAX phases considered could be prepared as the single phase using the non-conventional synthetic routes from the aspect of reaction thermodynamics.Few of them including Cr_(2)TaAlC_(2),Nb_(2)HfAlC_(2),Nb_(2)TaAlC_(2),Nb_(2)Hf_(2)AlC_(3),Nb_(2)Ta_(2)AlC_(3),Mo_(2)V_(2)AlC_(3)and Mo_(2)Ta_(2)AlC_(3)are predicted to be either destabilized at high temperature or overwhelmed by the most competing side reaction.

Light-responsive and corrosion-resistant gas valve with non-thermal effective liquid-gating positional flow control

Safe and precise control of gas flow is one of the key factors to many physical and chemical processes,such as degassing,natural gas transportation,and gas sensor.In practical application,it is essential for the gas-involved physicochemical process to keep everything under control and safe,which significantly relies on the controllability,safety,and stability of their valves.Here we show a light-responsive and corrosion-resistant gas valve with non-thermal effective liquid-gating positional flow control under a constant pressure by incorporating dynamic gating liquid with light responsiveness of solid porous substrate.Our experimental and theoretical analysis reveal that the photoisomerization of azobenzene-based molecular photoswitches on the porous substrate enabled the gas valve to possess a light-responsive and reversible variation of substantial critical pressure of non-thermal effective gas flow switch.Moreover,the chemically inert gating liquid prevented the solid substrate from corrosion and,by combining with the high spatiotemporal resolution of light,the gas valve realizes a precisely positional open and close under a steady-state pressure.The application demonstrations in our results show the potentials of the new gas valve for bringing opportunities to many applications,such as gas-involved reaction control in microfluidics,soft actuators,and beyond.

Photothermally induced liquid gate with navigation control of the fluid transport

The ability to control multiphase flows is essential for applications such as microvalves,chemical analyses,mi-croreactors,and multiphase separators.Furthermore,more specific controls,including the positional naviga-tion control of fluids under steady-state pressures,will improve the development of these applications.Here,we present a fundamentally new photothermally induced liquid gating system that allows light-controlled con-tactless fluid transport and gas/liquid separations at designated locations,with seconds response times,under constant pressures.Experiments and theoretical calculations demonstrate the stability of our system and its novel regulation mechanism,which is based on a photothermally induced liquid-reconfigurable gate with a change in the surface/interfacial tension and Marangoni flow redistribution of the gating liquid at the illuminated location.This regulation mechanism with positional navigation properties requires neither mechanical parts nor complex accessories and can further enable the miniaturization and integration of various engineering processes.Our ap-plication demonstrations confirm the potential of this system in fields of smart valves,multiphase separations,multiphase microreactors,and beyond.

Energy saving thermal adaptive liquid gating system

Thermal transfer systems involving temperature control through heating,ventilation,and air conditioning applications have emerged as one of the largest energy issues in buildings.Traditional approaches mainly comprise closed and open systems,both of which have certain advantages and disadvantages in a single heating or cooling process.Here we report a thermal adaptive system with beneficial energy-saving properties,which uses functional liquid to exhibit high metastability,providing durability in a temperature-responsive liquid gating system.

Performance prediction of magnetorheological fluid‐based liquid gating membrane by kriging machine learning method

Smart liquid gating membrane is a responsive structural material as a pressure-driven system that consists of solid membrane and dynamic liquid,responding to the external field.An accurate prediction of rheological and mechanical properties is important for the designs of liquid gating membranes for various applications.However,high predicted accuracy by the traditional sequential method requires a large amount of experimental data,which is not practical in some situations.To conquer these problems,artificial intelligence has promoted the rapid development of material science in recent years,bringing hope to solve these challenges.Here we propose a Kriging machine learning model with an active candidate region,which can be smartly updated by an expected improvement probability method to increase the local accuracy near the most sensitive search region,to predict the mechanical and rheolo-gical performance of liquid gating system with an active minimal size of ex-perimental data.Besides this,this new machine learning model can instruct our experiments with optimal size.The methods are then verified by liquid gating membrane with magnetorheological fluids,which would be of wide interest for the design of potential liquid gating applications in drug release,microfluidic logic,dynamic fluid control,and beyond.

Expert Consensus on Diagnosis and Treatment of End-Stage Liver Disease Complicated with Infections

End-stage liver disease(ESLD)is a life-threatening clinical syndrome that markedly increases mortality in patients with infections.In patients with ESLD,infections can induce or aggravate the occurrence of liver decompensation.Consequently,infections are among the most common complications of disease progression.There is a lack of working procedure for early diagnosis and appropriate management for patients with ESLD complicated by infections as well as local and international guidelines or consensus.This consensus assembled up-to-date knowledge and experience across Chinese colleagues,providing data on principles as well as working procedures for the diagnosis and treatment of patients with ESLD complicated by infections.