Clinical and Anatomo-Pathological Study of Digestive Polyps at Point G Teaching Hospital

Introduction: The aim of our study was to describe the aspects clinical and pathology of digestive polyps. Methods: This was a descriptive and analytical study with retrospective and prospective collection from January 2014 to September 2020, i.e. a duration of 72 months. Our study focused on all cases of non-cancerous digestive pathologies. The data were collected from registers, medical files and reports from the anatomy and pathological cytology department of the Point G University Hospital. All of this data was entered on an individual survey form. This sheet includes demographic data, qualitative and quantitative variables. Results: We conducted a study of 131 cases of digestive polyps. The frequency of digestive polyps was 3.65%. The mean age of our patients was 44.6 ± 21 years with extremes of 2 years and 79 years, with a male predominance and a sex ratio of 1.01. The biopsy was the type of sample most represented in 77.1%. The digestive polyps were located in stomach in 37.4%;the colon in 27.5% then the rectum 21.4%. The polyp sessile accounted for 65.6%. Histological examination revealed that adenomatous polyps were predominant in 77% of cases, followed by juvenile polyps in 9.2%, then hyperplastic polyps in 6.2%. Low grade dysplasia was found in adenomatous polyps in 61.53% and high grade found in 38.4%. Gastritis due to Helicobacter pylori (Hp) was found in 16% of cases. Conclusion: Digestive polyps are common in the general population. The prognosis is linked to the risk of neoplastic degeneration of adenomas.

Small Cell Lymphoma of the Gastrocnemius Muscle: A Case Report

Introduction: The primary localization of non-Hodgkin lymphoma of the muscle is rare. Only the biopsy allows the certainty diagnosis. The aim was to report a first case of small cell lymphoma of the gastrocnemius in Mali and to do a review of the literature. Clinical Observation: It was about a 34-year-old woman who consulted 3 months after the onset of symptoms for swelling and pain in the left calf. On clinical examination there was a hard, painful and warm mass in the left calf, with paresthesias in the tibial nerve territory associated with partial functional impotence of the leg. The ultrasound revealed a hyper echogenic and heterogeneous non-vascularized mass of the left gastrocnemius muscle measuring 65 × 45 × 40 mm non-vascularized on color Doppler and pulsed in favor of myositis. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) concluded in a well-limited heterogeneous cystic mass in the left gastrocnemius muscle respecting the bone of benign appearance: remodeled Baker’s cyst? Considering the radioclinical unconformity, thoraco-abdominal CT was performed and revealed pulmonary metastasis. The biopsy carried out concluded with a small cell lymphoma of the gastrocnemial muscle. Marginal resection was performed associated with adjuvant chemotherapy. The advancement at 9 months was satisfactory.

Decrease in liver cancer incidence rates in Bamako,Mali over 28 years of population-based cancer registration(1987-2015)

BACKGROUND Primary liver cancer is common in West Africa due to endemic risk factors.However,epidemiological studies of the global burden and trends of liver cancer are limited.We report changes in trends of the incidence of liver cancer over a period of 28 years using the population-based cancer registry of Bamako,Mali.To assess the trends and patterns of liver cancer by gender and age groups by analyzing the cancer registration data accumulated over 28 years(1987-2015)of activity of the population-based registry of the Bamako district.METHODS Data obtained since the inception of the registry in 1987 through 2015 were stratified into three periods(1987-1996,1997-2006,and 2007-2015).Age-standardized rates were estimated by direct standardization using the world population.Incidence rate ratios and the corresponding 95%confidence intervals(CI)were estimated using the early period as the reference(1987-1996).Joinpoint regression models were used to assess the annual percentage change and highlight trends over the entire period(from 1987 to 2015).RESULTS Among males,the age-standardized incidence rates significantly decreased from 19.41(1987-1996)to 13.12(1997-2006)to 8.15(2007-2015)per 105 person-years.The incidence rate ratio over 28 years was 0.42(95%CI:0.34-0.50),and the annual percentage change was-4.59[95%CI:(-6.4)-(-2.7)].Among females,rates dropped continuously from 7.02(1987-1996)to 2.57(2007-2015)per 105 person-years,with an incidence rate ratio of 0.37(95%CI:0.28-0.45)and an annual percentage change of-5.63[95%CI:(-8.9)-(-2.3)].CONCLUSION The population-based registration showed that the incidence of primary liver cancer has steadily decreased in the Bamako district over 28 years.This trend does not appear to result from biases or changes in registration practices.This is the first report of such a decrease in an area of high incidence of liver cancer in Africa.This decrease may be explained by the changes and diversity of diet that could reduce exposure to aflatoxins through dietary contamination in this population.