The topography and electrical properties are two crucial characteristics that determine the roles and functionalities of materials.Conductive atomic force microscopy(CAFM)is widely recognized for its ability to indepe...The topography and electrical properties are two crucial characteristics that determine the roles and functionalities of materials.Conductive atomic force microscopy(CAFM)is widely recognized for its ability to independently measure the topography and conductivity.The increasing trend towards miniaturization in electrical devices and sensors has encouraged an urgent demand for enhancing the accuracy of CAFM characterization.However,when performing CAFM tests on Bi_(0.5)Na_(0.5)TiO_(3)bulk ceramic,it is interesting to observe significant currents related to the topography.Why do insulators exhibit“conductivity”in CAFM testing?Herein,we thoroughly investigated the topography-dependent current during CAFM testing for the first time.Based on the linear dependence between the current and the first derivative of topography,the calibration method has been proposed to eliminate the topographic crosstalk.This method is evaluated on Bi_(0.5)Na_(0.5)TiO_(3)bulk ceramic,one-dimensional(1D)ZnO nanowire,twodimensional(2D)NbOI_(2)flake,and biological lotus leaf.The corresponding results of negligible topography-interference current affirm the feasibility and universality of this calibration method.This work effectively addresses the challenge of topographic crosstalk in CAFM characterization,thereby preventing the erroneous estimation of the conductivity of any unknown sample.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.52372107)the Natural Science Foundation of Henan Province in China(Nos.212300410004 and 222300420125).
文摘The topography and electrical properties are two crucial characteristics that determine the roles and functionalities of materials.Conductive atomic force microscopy(CAFM)is widely recognized for its ability to independently measure the topography and conductivity.The increasing trend towards miniaturization in electrical devices and sensors has encouraged an urgent demand for enhancing the accuracy of CAFM characterization.However,when performing CAFM tests on Bi_(0.5)Na_(0.5)TiO_(3)bulk ceramic,it is interesting to observe significant currents related to the topography.Why do insulators exhibit“conductivity”in CAFM testing?Herein,we thoroughly investigated the topography-dependent current during CAFM testing for the first time.Based on the linear dependence between the current and the first derivative of topography,the calibration method has been proposed to eliminate the topographic crosstalk.This method is evaluated on Bi_(0.5)Na_(0.5)TiO_(3)bulk ceramic,one-dimensional(1D)ZnO nanowire,twodimensional(2D)NbOI_(2)flake,and biological lotus leaf.The corresponding results of negligible topography-interference current affirm the feasibility and universality of this calibration method.This work effectively addresses the challenge of topographic crosstalk in CAFM characterization,thereby preventing the erroneous estimation of the conductivity of any unknown sample.
