Synthesis of biodiesel from Jatropha curcas L. seed oil using artificial zeolites loaded with CH3COOK as a heterogeneous catalyst

An environmentally benign process was devel-oped for the transesterification of Jatropha curcas L. seed oil with methanol using artificial zeolites loaded with potassium acetate as a heterogeneous catalyst. After calcination for 5 h at 823 K, the catalyst loaded with 47 wt.% CH3COOK exhibited the highest efficiency and best catalytic activity. The easily prepared cata-lysts were characterized by means of X-ray dif-fraction and IR spectroscopy, as well as Hammett indicator titration. The results revealed a strong dependence of catalytic activity on ba-sicity. The optimum reaction conditions for transesterification of J. curcas oil were also in-vestigated. The methyl ester content in the bio-diesel product exceeded 91% after 4h reaction at reflux temperature in the presence of 2% solid catalyst and no water washing process is needed during workup.

Study of the synthesis,antiviral bioactivity and interaction mechanisms of novel chalcone derivatives that contain the 1,1-dichloropropene moiety

A series of novel chalcone derivatives that contain the 1,1-dichloropropene moiety was designed and synthesized. Bioactivity assays showed that most of the target compounds exhibited moderate to good antiviral activity against tobacco mosaic virus（TMV） at 500 mg/m L. Among the target compounds,compound 7h showed the highest in vivo inactivation activity against TMV with the EC50 and EC90value of 45.6 and 327.5 mg/m L, respectively, which was similar to that of Ningnanmycin（46.9 and 329.4 mg/m L）and superior to that of Ribavirin（145.1 and 793.1 mg/m L）. Meanwhile, the microscale thermophoresis and fluorescence spectroscopy experiments showed that the compound 7h had a strong interaction with the tobacco mosaic virus coat protein.

Synthesis and biological evaluation of 4-methyl-1,2,3-thiadiazole-5-carboxaldehyde benzoyl hydrazone derivatives

To find new lead compounds with high biological activity,a series of novel 4-methyl-1,2,3-thiadiazole-5-carboxaldehyde benzoyl hydrazone derivatives were designed and synthesized.Their structures were confirmed by -1H NMR,-（13）C NMR,IR spectrum and elemental analysis.Preliminary bioassay indicated that the title compounds exhibited moderate to strong fungicidal activity against six fungi in vitro at50 μg/mL.Moreover,some of the title compounds exhibited good curative activity against TMV in vivo at500 μg/mL.The structure-activity relationship analysis of compounds against Valsa mali showed that compounds containing halogen at the para position on phenyl exhibited the best activity.Especially compound 8k showed broad spectrum fungicidal activities against Valsa mali,Botrytis cinerea,Pythium aphamdermatum,Rhizoctonia solani,Fusarium moniliforme and Altemaria solani with the EC（50） values of8.20,24.42,15.80,40.53,41.48,and 34.16 μg/mL,respectively.

Synthesis and antiviral bioactivity of novel chalcone derivatives containing purine moiety

A series of novel chalcone derivatives containing purine moiety was designed and synthesized, and their antiviral activities against cucumber mosaic virus （CMV） and tobacco mosaic virus （TMV） were evaluated in vivo. Bioactivity assays indicated that some compounds showed good antiviral activities against CMV and TMV. It is worth mentioning that compounds 30, 3s, 3w, and 3x exhibited excellent curative activity against CMV, with ECso values of 301.1 μg/mL, 315.7 μg/mL, 282.3 μg/mL, 230.5 μg/mL, respectively, which were better than that of Dufulin （373.7 μg/mL） and Ribavirin （726.3 μg/mL）. In addition, the fluorescence spectroscopy experiment results showed that compound 3o showed strong combining capacity to tobacco mosaic virus coat orotein.