Safety of polyethylene glycol recombinant human granulocyte colonystimulating factor in treating non-small cell lung cancer patients at Ⅰb stage

Objective:To investigate resistance and safety of HHPG-19K in treating non-small cell lung cancer patients.Methods:A total of 30 cases were selected and randomly divided into 5 groups:three HHPG-19K groups of different dosage(60 μg/kg/day,100 μ g/kg/day,200 μ g/ kg/day),positive control group(Filgrastim,namely G-CSF5 μ g/kg/day) and negative control group.Safety indexes of 5 groups were observed and compared.Results:All patients had adverse event(100%) in three HHPG-19K groups,and increased ALP,ALT and AST were main events.The degree was mild to moderate.There was no significant difference in the incidence of adverse event between dosage groups and positive control group no difference.But the incidence of negative control group was 13%,which was significantly lower than dosage groups and positive control group.Conclusions:Non-small cell lung cancer patients have satisfactory tolerance to HHPG-19K,and have no resistance.Besides,dosage at 100 μ g/kg is the most safe.

Mechanisms of resistance to immune checkpoint inhibitors and strategies to reverse drug resistance in lung cancer

In recent years, the research of immune checkpoint inhibitors has made a great breakthrough in lung cancer treatment. Currently, a variety of immune checkpoint inhibitors have been applied into clinical practice, including antibodies targeting the programmed cell death-1, programmed cell death-ligand 1, and cytotoxic T-lymphocyte antigen 4, and so on. However, not all patients can benefit from the treatment. Abnormal antigen presentation, functional gene mutation, tumor microenvironment, and other factors can lead to primary or secondary resistance. In this paper, we reviewed the molecular mechanism of immune checkpoint inhibitor resistance and various combination strategies to overcome resistance, in order to expand the beneficial population and enable precision medicine.