中国非小细胞肺癌免疫检查点抑制剂治疗专家共识(2019年版)

非小细胞肺癌(non-small cell lung cancer, NSCLC)是肺癌中最常见的病理类型,大多数NSCLC患者在确诊时已属晚期。对于驱动基因突变阴性的患者而言,目前的治疗仍以化疗为主,总体预后较差,改善治疗现状、获得长期生存是晚期NSCLC患者最迫切的需求。近年来,肿瘤免疫治疗发展迅速,免疫检查点抑制剂(immune checkpoint inhibitors, ICIs),尤其是以程序性死亡因子-1(programmed death-1, PD-1)/程序性死亡因子配体-1(programmed deathligand 1, PD-L1)为靶点的ICIs在驱动基因突变阴性的NSCLC治疗中取得了突破性的进展,为患者带来了生存获益,改变了NSCLC的治疗格局,显示出越来越重要的地位。由中国临床肿瘤学会(Chinese society of clinical oncology, CSCO)NSCLC专家委员会牵头,组织该领域的相关专家,在参考国内外文献、系统评价中外临床研究结果、结合专家经验与体会的基础上,达成统一意见并制定本共识,以期指导国内同行更好地应用ICIs治疗NSCLC。

中国非小细胞肺癌免疫检查点抑制剂治疗专家共识(2020年版)

非小细胞肺癌(non-small cell lung cancer,NSCLC)是肺癌最常见的病理类型。晚期NSCLC的系统性抗肿瘤治疗经历了化疗、靶向治疗及免疫治疗的变革,患者总体生存时间不断延长。免疫检查点抑制剂(immune checkpoint inhibitors,ICIs),尤其是程序性死亡分子-1(programmed cell death protein 1,PD-1)/程序性死亡分子配体-1(programmed death-ligand 1,PD-L1)抗体已成为表皮生长因子受体(epidermal growth factor receptor,EGFR)/间变性淋巴瘤激酶(anaplastic lymphoma kinase,ALK)阴性晚期NSCLC一线及二线的标准治疗和局部晚期NSCLC同步放化疗后标准治疗,并在辅助/新辅助治疗中显示出可喜的结果,改变了NSCLC整体治疗格局。随着越来越多的ICIs在国内获批肺癌适应证,中国临床肿瘤学会(Chinese Society of Clinical Oncology,CSCO)NSCLC专家委员会牵头,组织该领域的专家,结合2019年版专家共识,参考最新国内外文献、临床研究数据及系统评价,在专家共同讨论的基础上,达成统一意见并制定、更新本共识,为国内同行更好地应用ICIs治疗NSCLC提供参考意见。

Synthesis and Characterization of a Silica-Based Drug Delivery System for Spinal Cord Injury Therapy

Acute inflammation is a central component in the progression of spinal cord injury(SCI).Anti-inflammatory drugs used in the clinic are often administered systemically at high doses,which can paradoxically increase inflammation and result in drug toxicity.A cluster-like mesoporous silica/arctigenin/CAQK composite(MSN-FC@ARCG)drug delivery system was designed to avoid systemic side effects of high-dose therapy by enabling site-specific drug delivery to the spinal cord.In this nanosystem,mesoporous silica was modified with the FITC fluorescent molecule and CAQK peptides that target brain injury and SCI sites.The size of the nanocarrier was kept at approximately 100 nm to enable penetration of the blood–brain barrier.Arctigenin,a Chinese herbal medicine,was loaded into the nanosystem to reduce inflammation.The in vivo results showed that MSN-FC@ARC-G could attenuate inflammation at the injury site.Behavior and morphology experiments suggested that MSN-FC@ARC-G could diminish local microenvironment damage,especially reducing the expression of interleukin-17(IL-17) and IL-17-related inflammatory factors,inhibiting the activation of astrocytes,thus protecting neurons and accelerating the recovery of SCI.Our study demonstrated that this novel,silica-based drug delivery system has promising potential for clinical application in SCI therapy.

Effect of electrochemical polishing time on surface topography of mild steel

The variation in altitude density function （ADF） of the surface topography of mild steel during electrochemical polishing （ECP） was investigated, and the mechanism of the variation of surface roughness with polishing time was analyzed. The results show that the variation trend of ADF with polishing time is flat-steep-flat; the variation of surface roughness results in the different distri- butions of surface current density, and there is a fine surface smoothness in the special period of ECP from 4 to 8 s.

The Comprehensive Evaluation Research of Automated Charging Station’s Lightning Protection Design in Airport

In order to inspect the good and reliability of automated charging station’s lightning protection design in airport, we set the comprehensive evaluation mathematical model of automated charging station in the airport, through the method of second order fuzzy comprehensive evaluation and evaluate the automated charging station’s lightning protection design comprehensively by using the assessment data of expert database.

Research on Technology of Electromagnetic Protection for the Generator Control System

Generator control system decides whether the generator can work as usual or not, as well as its stability of performance. Both types of generators control system composed of the transistor and DSP are sensitive to outward electromagnetic interference, directly related to the generator performance. In this text, we first analyze the electromagnetic interference threat generator control system of transistor type may face, then design a electromagnetic protection plan for the intake, the panel and the sense organ. This work is of great significance in improving its electromagnetic protection ability and stability of performance.

Intelligent electronic passworded locker with unique and personalized security barriers for home security

As a widely used security device,the electronic passworded locker is designed to protect personal property and space.However,once the password is leaked to an unauthorized person,its security is lost.Here,with the assistance of triboelectric nanogenerators(TENGs),we present an intelligent electronic passworded locker(IEPL)based on unique and personalized security barriers,which can accurately extract users’habits of entering passwords through integrated deep learning.The key of the IEPL adopts the single electrode mode of TENG that accurately recognizes the input behavior of a person based on machine learning,which serves as a reliable,unique,unreproducible gate,with advantages of thin thickness,diversified structure,and simple preparation method.Finally,the proposed IEPL offers a reliable solution for improving the overall security of passworded lockers and extending the application of TENG-based sensors in the smart home.

New inverter topology for ground current suppression in transformerless photovoltaic system application

An interesting inverter topology is proposed in this paper.It is similar to the typical three-phase full bridge inverter from the topology point of view,but smartly designed for the ground current reduction in single-phase photovoltaic(PV)inverter applications.Theoretical analysis is conducted to clarify the operation mechanism of the proposed topology.Performance evaluation is carried out to verify the effectiveness of the proposed topology for the ground current suppression.

Inhibition of MALT1 paracaspase activity improves lesion recovery following spinal cord injury

Spinal cord injury(SCI) is a devastating traumatic injury that causes persistent, severe motor and sensory dysfunction. Immune responses are involved in functional recovery after SCI. Mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma translocation 1(MALT1) has been shown to regulate the survival and differentiation of immune cells and to play a critical role in many diseases, but its function in lesion recovery after SCI remains unclear. In this paper, we generated KI(knock in) mice with a point mutation(C472 G) in the active center of MALT1 and found that the KI mice exhibited improved functional recovery after SCI.Fewer macrophages were recruited to the injury site in KI mice and these macrophages differentiated into anti-inflammatory macrophages. Moreover, macrophages from KI mice exhibited reduced phosphorylation of p65, which in turn resulted in decreased SOCS3 expression and increased pSTAT6 levels.Similar results were obtained upon inhibition of MALT1 paracaspase with the small molecule inhibitor‘‘MI-2' or the more specific inhibitor ‘‘MLT-827'. In patients with SCI, peripheral blood mononuclear cells(PBMC) displayed increased MALT1 paracaspase. Human macrophages showed reduced proinflammatory and increased anti-inflammatory characteristics following the inhibition of MALT1 paracaspase. These findings suggest that inhibition of MALT1 paracaspase activity in the clinic may improve lesion recovery in subjects with SCI.

A self-powered and concealed sensor based on triboelectric nanogenerators for cultural-relic anti-theft systems

The theft prevention for cultural relics in museums,field excavation sites,and temporary exhibition events is of extreme importance.However,traditional anti-theft technologies such as infrared monitoring and radio frequency identification are highly costly,power-consuming,and easy to break.Here,a transparent,ultrathin,and flexible triboelectric sensor(TUFS)with a simple and low-cost method is proposed.With a thickness,weight,and transmittance of 92μm,0.12 g,and 89.4%,the TUFS manifests superb concealment.Benefiting from the characteristic of triboelectric nanogenerators,the TUFS responds effectively to common cultural-relic materials.Moreover,distinguished electrical responses can be obtained even for very small weights(10 g)and areas(1 cm^(2)),proving the sensitivity and wide range of use of the TUFS.Finally,we construct a concealed cultural-relic anti-theft system that enables real-time alarming and accurate positioning of cultural relics,which is expected to strengthen the security level of the existing museum anti-theft systems.

Mellin Transform-Based Correction Method for Linear Scale Inconsistency of Intrusion Events Identification in OFPS

For the problem that the linear scale of intrusion signals in the optical fiber pre-warning system （OFPS） is inconsistent, this paper presents a method to correct the scale. Firstly, the intrusion signals are intercepted, and an aggregate of the segments with equal length is obtained. Then, the Mellin transform （MT） is applied to convert them into the same scale. The spectral characteristics are obtained by the Fourier transform. Finally, we adopt back-propagation （BP） neural network to identify intrusion types, which takes the spectral characteristics as input. We carried out the field experiments and collected the optical fiber intrusion signals which contain the picking signal, shoveling signal, and running signal. The experimental results show that the proposed algorithm can effectively improve the recognition accuracy of the intrusion signals.

A Novel Boost Four-Leg Converter for Electric Vehicle Applications

Integrating the electric vehicle into grid or microgrid has been receiving more and more attention in recent years.Typically,the electric vehicle(EV)chargers with their power batteries have been developed for vehicle-to-home(V2H)applications,acting as a backup generation to supply emergency power directly to a home.Traditional EV chargers in V2H applications mainly consist of DC/DC and DC/AC stages,which complicate the control algorithm and result in low conversion efficiency.In order to solve this problem,a novel EV charger is proposed for V2H applications.It can boost the battery voltage and output AC voltage with only one-stage power conversion.Also,the DC,1-phase and 3-phase loads can be fed with the proposed single-stage EV charger.The system control strategy is also provided to deal with versatile load variations.Finally,the performance evaluation results verify the effectiveness of the proposed solution.

The diagnosis and management of hypothalamic hamartomas in children

Hypothalamic hamartoma (HH) is a rare developmental malformation often characterized by gelastic seizures.Recent advances in treating HH have led to dramatic improvements.However,clinical protocol of HH is poorly understood.Since 2002,department Pediatric Neurosurgery of Xinhua Hospital has maintained a multidisciplinary clinical program to evaluate and treat children with HH.This program has provided the opportunity to investigate the management of HH.In this review,we summarize the clinical progress and propose a clear management principle for different HH patients.