Progress in the Clinical Application of Cinacalcet in the Treatment of Secondary Hyperthyroidism

Secondary hyperthyroidism(SHPT)is a common complication of maintenance hemodialysis(MHD).In China the prevalence of chronic kidney disease(CKD)is 10.8%and there are about 0.2 million patients treated with maintenance hemodialysis.These number are still increasing.Cinacalcet is a new calcium sensing receptor agonist to treat SHPT and the first calcimimetics be approved by Food and Drug Administration(FDA)to treat human.It can activate the calcium sensing receptor in parathyroid to improving control of parathyroid hormone(PTH),serum calcium,phosphorus,and calcium phosphorus product.Then decrease vascular calcification and parathyroid gland volume and reduce the occurrence of fracture and calcific uremic arteriolopathy(CUA).A better understanding of the clinical evaluation for Cinacalcet will hopefully help us to reduce the incidence of SHPT.

Analysis of Performance Stability and Clinical Efficacy of OBERS - 3000 Hemodialysis Machine

Objective To explore the method of safety and efficacy validation of hemodialysis machine,and observe the clinical efficacy of OBERS-3000 multifunctional hemodialysis machine.Methods Randomized,open,two-phase crossover and positive control design,a total of 72 patients from two hospitals were included.OBERS-3000 multifunctional hemodialysis machine was the test machine,and the Fresenius 4008 series hemodialysis machine was as the control machine,indicators of blood routine test,serum electrolytes,liver and kidney function test,blood gas analysis,CRP were compared,body weight before and after hemodialysis,ultrafiltration volume were recorded,urea clearance index,urea reduction ratio were calculated.The XL90 conductivity meter was connected in series in the test machine,to monitor the temperature,conductance,venous pressure and arterial pressure during the dialysis in real time,and the measured value were compared with the machine monitoring value.Results Both of the test machine and the control machine could effectively eliminate creatinine,urea nitrogen and other uremic toxins,could continuously supply qualified dialysate,and precisely control the ultrafiltration volume.There were no significant differences in temperature,conductance,venous pressure and arterial pressure monitoring with the real time measured value by XL90 conductivity meter.Conclusions OBERS-3000 multifunctional hemodialysis machine can effectively eliminate uremic toxins,maintain electrolyte and acid-base balance,and can accurately display the monitoring parameters.

The Research Progression of Calcitonin for the Therapy of Renal Osteodystrophy

Calcitonin is a common medicine used in the treatment of osteoporosis,which could restrain the activity of osteoclasts,stop the loss of osteocalcin and reduce the transfer of osteocalcin.Calcitonin can also be used in the treatment of the pain-caused diseases which usually cause by hypercalcemia and others such like Paget's disease and bone tumors.As is approved by several clinic researches,calcitonin is powerful in adjusting the level of calcium,phosphorus and PTH during the treatment of renal osteodystrophy.In addition,it could improves the life quality of the patients who suffered from chronic kidney disease(CKD)and extending their life period.At present,several studies have shown us Calcitonin could be treated in renal osteodystrophy.However,the treatment experiences of Calcitonin are still lacking.Better understanding of the clinical evaluation for calcitonin in the treatment of renal osteodystrophy will hopefully help us to improve outcomes for these patients.

The Pathogenesis of the Mechanism of FGF23 in Chronic Kidney Disease Patients with Vascular Calcification

Fibroblast growth factor 23(FGF23)is a protein synthesized by bone cell and the osteoblast with endocrine function.The main role of FGF23 is to regulate serum phosphorus and 1,25(OH)2 D3 levels,it also plays an important role in calcium and phosphorus metabolism.The role of FGF23 in renal disease is to inhibit of phosphorus reabsorption,promote urinary phosphorus excretion and maintain a stable blood phosphorus level.Patients with chronic kidney disease(CKD)have more risk to suffer cardiovascular disease(CVD)which is related to the abnormal metabolism of calcium and phosphorus.FGF23,as newly discovered cardiovascular risk marker,several studies have shown that FGF23 level associates with multiple cardiovascular risk factors in CKD patients,especially in CKD patients with vascular calcification.To explore its pathogenesis of vascular calcification in CKD patients is particularly important,and that may help to take appropriate measures to improve the prognosis of CKD patients.

Advances in Diagnosis and Treatment of Neuropsychiatric Systemic Lupus Erythematosus

1 Introduction Neuropsychiatric systemic lupus erythematosus(NPSLE)is a serious complication of systemic lupus erythematosus(SLE),with an incidence of about 30%to 40%[1].No matter early or late SLE patients are prone to concurrent,so early diagnosis and treatment of NPSLE is extremely important.

Peritoneal Dialysis: Prospects and Challenges

There are 3 kinds of Renal Replacement Therapy:hemodialysis,peritoneal dialysis and kidney transplantation.Although a kidney transplant would be the best solution,organ donations are limited and the transplanted organs can be rejected by the body.Hemodialysis is a widely recognized and near-universally available treatment method,however,the patient must make at least 3 weekly visits to a hospital to undergo treatment,with each session lasting on average around 4 hours.Consequently this can have an impact on the patients’life,including work and travel.Since the clinical populariza-