In vitro and in silico anti-oxidant, cytotoxicity and biological activities of Ficus benghalensis and Duranta repens

Objective:To report in vitro anti-oxidant activity and cytotoxicity of hydroalcoholic extract of Ficus benghalensis(bark)and Duranta repens(whole plant),and present the probable biological spectrum of major anti-oxidants from both plants.Methods:The coarse powder of both plants was first extracted with 70%ethanol(maceration)followed by 99%ethanol(Soxhlet-extraction).Anti-oxidant activity of the extracts was evaluated using DPPH,H2O2,2,20-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid(ABTS),NO scavenging assay,total antioxidant capacity,cupric reducing antioxidant capacity(CUPRAC),and metal chelating assay.Cytotoxicity of both extracts was evaluated using MTT assay in both tumor and normal cell lines i.e.Chinese hamster ovary cells(CHO)and A549 cells.Biological activity of individual anti-oxidants from both medicinal plants was identified using prediction of activity spectra for substances and a docking study was performed by using autodock4.0.Results:Hydroalcoholic extract of F.benghalensis and D.repens showed the highest free radical scavenging(ABTS)and chelating capacity respectively.Both extracts showed minimum cytotoxicity in normal cell lines compared to tumor cell lines.Computer imitation hits reflected the multiple biological activities agreeing with the folk use and some scientific reports.Further,we found the binding affinity of predicted anti-oxidant compounds with multiple protein molecules involved in oxidative stress.Conclusion:The present study reports the probable anti-oxidant mechanism for two folk agents and also presents probable pharmacological activities via computer simulations.