Erythema induratum (EI)/nodular vasculitis (NV) is characterized by recurrent crops of tender oedematous nodules on the lower legs. A lobular panniculitis with granulomatous inflammation, vasculitis, focal necrosis an...Erythema induratum (EI)/nodular vasculitis (NV) is characterized by recurrent crops of tender oedematous nodules on the lower legs. A lobular panniculitis with granulomatous inflammation, vasculitis, focal necrosis and septal fibrosis is present. Mycobacterium tuberculosis DNA has been detected in some lesionsbymeansofpolymerasechainreaction(PCR).Tencases of EI/NV were found. H& E slides were reviewed. PCR assays for M.tuberculosis and mycobacteria other than M.tuberculosis (MOTT) were performed. PCR did not reveal M. tuberculosis (0% ) or MOTT (0% ) DNA, with positive controls, indicating the reliability of the assays. Among the MOTT, cutaneous infections are most commonly caused by M. marinum. Subcutaneous tuberculoid granulomas may be seen with M. kansasii, M. marinum, M. scrofulaceum and M. avium complex. M. gordonae, M. szulgai and M. malmoense rarely cause cutaneous infections. M. simiae, M. gastri and M. asiaticum are probably not cutaneous pathogens. M. tuberculosis and MOTT DNA was not found in EI/NV. EI/NV has diverse aetiologies with varying pathogeneses leading to similar histologic changes. The cases analysed may not have had an infectious aetiology. However, in EI/NV, performance of PCR for MOTT as well as M. tuberculosis complex may still be beneficial, particularly in cases from immunocompromised hosts.展开更多
Carcinoma exhibiting thymus-like differentiation (CASTLE) is a rare, distinct tumor of the thyroid gland or soft tissue of the head and neck that may simulate primary squamous cell carcinoma or lymphoepithelioma, and ...Carcinoma exhibiting thymus-like differentiation (CASTLE) is a rare, distinct tumor of the thyroid gland or soft tissue of the head and neck that may simulate primary squamous cell carcinoma or lymphoepithelioma, and which contains features reminiscent of thymic differentiation including Hassall’s corpuscles, occasional perivascular spaces, and the presence of lymphocytes. Ectopic thymic tissuemay result fromincomplete descent or persistence of the cervical portion of the thymus and may occur anywhere along the course of the embryonic descent from the angle of the mandible to the sternal notch. Herein, we report two cases of dermal extrathyroidalCASTLE. The differential diagnosis of squamoid carcinoma with features of thymic differentiation includes extrathyroidal CASTLE, a primary squamous cell carcinoma with thymic differentiation, lymphoepithelioma-like carcinoma of the skin, and metastatic squamous cell carcinoma of unknown primary. It is essential that the latter two be ruled out before accepting the diagnosis of an extrathyroidal carcinoma with thymus-like differentiation.展开更多
Keratosis lichenoides chronica (KLC) is a rare chronic disorder of keratinizat ion, characterized by the progressive development of erythematosquamous plaques and violaceous lichenoid hyperkeratotic papules, nodules a...Keratosis lichenoides chronica (KLC) is a rare chronic disorder of keratinizat ion, characterized by the progressive development of erythematosquamous plaques and violaceous lichenoid hyperkeratotic papules, nodules and ridges. These lesio ns are most commonly found in a symmetrical distribution on the trunk and extrem ities and display a unique linear and/or reticulate pattern. The etiology of KLC remains unknown and the eruptions tend to be refractory to treatment. We descri be a case of keratosis lichenoides chronica that improved with systemic retinoid s.展开更多
文摘Erythema induratum (EI)/nodular vasculitis (NV) is characterized by recurrent crops of tender oedematous nodules on the lower legs. A lobular panniculitis with granulomatous inflammation, vasculitis, focal necrosis and septal fibrosis is present. Mycobacterium tuberculosis DNA has been detected in some lesionsbymeansofpolymerasechainreaction(PCR).Tencases of EI/NV were found. H& E slides were reviewed. PCR assays for M.tuberculosis and mycobacteria other than M.tuberculosis (MOTT) were performed. PCR did not reveal M. tuberculosis (0% ) or MOTT (0% ) DNA, with positive controls, indicating the reliability of the assays. Among the MOTT, cutaneous infections are most commonly caused by M. marinum. Subcutaneous tuberculoid granulomas may be seen with M. kansasii, M. marinum, M. scrofulaceum and M. avium complex. M. gordonae, M. szulgai and M. malmoense rarely cause cutaneous infections. M. simiae, M. gastri and M. asiaticum are probably not cutaneous pathogens. M. tuberculosis and MOTT DNA was not found in EI/NV. EI/NV has diverse aetiologies with varying pathogeneses leading to similar histologic changes. The cases analysed may not have had an infectious aetiology. However, in EI/NV, performance of PCR for MOTT as well as M. tuberculosis complex may still be beneficial, particularly in cases from immunocompromised hosts.
文摘Carcinoma exhibiting thymus-like differentiation (CASTLE) is a rare, distinct tumor of the thyroid gland or soft tissue of the head and neck that may simulate primary squamous cell carcinoma or lymphoepithelioma, and which contains features reminiscent of thymic differentiation including Hassall’s corpuscles, occasional perivascular spaces, and the presence of lymphocytes. Ectopic thymic tissuemay result fromincomplete descent or persistence of the cervical portion of the thymus and may occur anywhere along the course of the embryonic descent from the angle of the mandible to the sternal notch. Herein, we report two cases of dermal extrathyroidalCASTLE. The differential diagnosis of squamoid carcinoma with features of thymic differentiation includes extrathyroidal CASTLE, a primary squamous cell carcinoma with thymic differentiation, lymphoepithelioma-like carcinoma of the skin, and metastatic squamous cell carcinoma of unknown primary. It is essential that the latter two be ruled out before accepting the diagnosis of an extrathyroidal carcinoma with thymus-like differentiation.
文摘Keratosis lichenoides chronica (KLC) is a rare chronic disorder of keratinizat ion, characterized by the progressive development of erythematosquamous plaques and violaceous lichenoid hyperkeratotic papules, nodules and ridges. These lesio ns are most commonly found in a symmetrical distribution on the trunk and extrem ities and display a unique linear and/or reticulate pattern. The etiology of KLC remains unknown and the eruptions tend to be refractory to treatment. We descri be a case of keratosis lichenoides chronica that improved with systemic retinoid s.
