Yanjing Beer Group

The Yanjing Beer Group of Beijing has persisted in the principles of producing quality, creating a brandname, expanding scale and increasing economic results. It has developed rapidly from a factory producing 10,000 tons of beer a year to the present large enterprise producing 550,000 tons of beer annually. In 1995, it took second

Cancer incidence and patient survival rates among the residents in the Pudong New Area of Shanghai between 2002 and 2006

With the growing threat of malignancy to health,it is necessary to analyze cancer incidence and patient survival rates among the residents in Pudong New Area of Shanghai to formulate better cancer prevention strategies.A total of 43,613 cancer patients diagnosed between 2002 and 2006 were recruited from the Pudong New Area Cancer Registry.The incidence,observed survival rate,and relative survival rate of patients grouped by sex,age,geographic area,and TNM stage were calculated using the Kaplan-Meier,life table,and Ederer II methods,respectively.Between 2002 and 2006,cancer incidence in Pudong New Area was 349.99 per 100,000 person-years,and the 10 most frequently diseased sites were the lung,stomach,colon and rectum,liver,breast,esophagus,pancreas,brain and central nervous system,thyroid,and bladder.For patients with cancers of the colon and rectum,breast,thyroid,brain and central nervous system,and bladder,the 5-year relative survival rate was greater than 40%,whereas patients with cancers of the liver and pancreas had a 5-year relative survival rate of less than 10%.The 1-year to 5-year survival rates for patients grouped by sex,age,geographic area,and TNM stage differed significantly(all P<0.001).Our results indicate that cancer incidence and patient survival in Pudong New Area vary by tumor type,sex,age,geographic area,and TNM stage.

Cultivation Technology and Research Advance on the Germplasm Resources of Angelica dahurica

The roots of Angelica dahurica are a commonly used traditional Chinese herbal medicine.It has the effects of dispelling wind and relieving pain,expelling pus and dispersing swelling,clearing the nasal orifices,and eliminating dampness.In recent years,the cultivation of A.dahurica in Hunan Province has developed rapidly,but the research on new varieties selection and standardized cultivation techniques is lagging behind.This paper reviewed the germplasm resources,variety distribution and standardized cultivation technology of A.dahurica in China,hoping to provide technical support for the development of A.dahurica industry.

Technical Regulations for Under-forest Cultivation of Paris polyphylla Smith in Hunan Province

In this paper,the seedling raising,cultivation,field management,pest and disease control,harvesting and processing of Paris polyphylla Smith under the forest in Hunan Province were scientifically standardized,to provide technical support for standardized cultivation and sustainable development of Paris polyphylla Smith industry in Hunan Province.

Brillouin Klein space and half-turn space in three-dimensional acoustic crystals

The Bloch band theory and Brillouin zone(BZ)that characterize wave-like behaviors in periodic mediums are two cornerstones of contemporary physics,ranging from condensed matter to topological physics.Recent theoretical breakthrough revealed that,under the projective symmetry algebra enforced by artificial gauge fields,the usual two-dimensional(2D)BZ(orientable Brillouin two-torus)can be fundamentally modified to a non-orientable Brillouin Klein bottle with radically distinct manifold topology.However,the physical consequence of artificial gauge fields on the more general three-dimensional(3D)BZ(orientable Brillouin three-torus)was so far missing.Here,we theoretically discovered and experimentally observed that the fundamental domain and topology of the usual 3D BZ can be reduced to a non-orientable Brillouin Klein space or an orientable Brillouin half-turn space in a 3D acoustic crystal with artificial gauge fields.We experimentally identify peculiar 3D momentum-space non-symmorphic screw rotation and glide reflection symmetries in the measured band structures.Moreover,we experimentally demonstrate a novel stacked weak Klein bottle insulator featuring a nonzero Z2 topological invariant and self-collimated topological surface states at two opposite surfaces related by a nonlocal twist,radically distinct from all previous 3D topological insulators.Our discovery not only fundamentally modifies the fundamental domain and topology of 3D BZ,but also opens the door towards a wealth of previously overlooked momentum-space multidimensional manifold topologies and novel gaugesymmetry-enriched topological physics and robust acoustic wave manipulations beyond the existing paradigms.

CD147 Facilitates the Pathogenesis of Psoriasis through Glycolysis and H3K9me3 Modification in Keratinocytes

Psoriasis is a chronic inflammatory skin disease featuring rapid proliferation of epidermal cells.Although elevated glycolysis flux has been reported in psoriasis,the molecular mechanisms underlying its pathogenesis remain unclear.We investigated the role of the integral membrane protein CD147 in psoriasis pathogenesis,observing its high expression in psoriatic skin lesions of humans and imiquimod(IMQ)-induced mouse models.In mouse models,genomic deletion of epidermal CD147 markedly attenuated IMQ-induced psoriatic inflammation.We found that CD147 interacted with glucose transporter 1(Glut1).Depletion of CD147 in the epidermis blocked glucose uptake and glycolysis in vitro and in vivo.In CD147-knockout mice and keratinocytes,oxidative phosphorylation was increased in the epidermis,indicating CD147's pivotal role in glycolysis reprogramming during pathogenesis of psoriasis.Using non-targeted and targeted metabolic techniques,we found that epidermal deletion of CD147 significantly increased the production of carnitine and α-ketoglutaric acid(α-KG).

A new method for evaluating the quality of single sperm by detecting reactive oxygen species

Sperm damage caused by reactive oxygen species(ROS) is one of the main causes of male infertility.Therefore, the level of ROS in sperm is an important indicator for the diagnosis and prognosis of male infertility. Herein, we constructed a single sperm ROS detection method(SSRDM) with an optical microprobe fabricated via focused ion beam process. The micro-probe is used to separately excite fluorescence in the sperm and the area around the sperm after ROS staining, and the difference in fluorescence values can reflect the level of ROS in the sperm. We collected 102 semen samples and 72 of them were divided into asthenozoospermia and non-asthenozoospermia groups. SSRDM and flow cytometry were used to detect the ROS levels of the two groups. The results of SSRDM showed that the ROS levels of asthenozoospermia group were higher than that of non-asthenozoospermia group(P = 0.002), while the results of flow cytometry indicated no difference(P = 0.152). In terms of ROS levels, compared with flow cytometry, SSRDM has a stronger ability to distinguish between those two groups, providing a reliable basis for assessment of sperm quality. Another 30 semen samples were used to investigate temperature and temporal variability of SSRDM to ensure the stability and accuracy of this method. Overall, we have developed a method that can quantitatively detect fluorescent substances in sperm at the single-cell level supplying evidence for diagnosis and prognosis of male infertility.

Locked nucleic acids based DNA circuits with ultra-low leakage

DNA circuits based on toehold-mediated DNA strand displacement reaction are powerful tools owing to their programmability and predictability.However,performance and practical application of the circuits are greatly restricted by leakage,which refers to the fact that there is no input(invading strand)in the circuit,and the output signal is still generated.Herein,we constructed locked nucleic acids-based DNA circuits with ultra-low leakage.High binding affinity of LNA(locked nucleic acid)-DNA/LNA suppressed the leakage by inhibiting the breathing effect.Based on the strategy,we have built various low-leakage DNA circuits,including translator circuit,catalytic hairpin assembly(CHA)circuit,entropy-driven circuit(EDC),and seesaw circuit.More importantly,our strategy would not affect the desired main reactions:The output signal remained above 85%for all tested circuits,and the signalto-noise ratios were elevated to 148.8-fold at the most.We believe our strategy will greatly promote the development and application of DNA circuits-based DNA nanotechnology.

Photonic and phononic interface states based on sunflower-type crystals[Invited]

Interface states are widely applied in waveguide devices.However,previous studies failed to achieve photonic and phononic interface states independent of each other in the same crystal structure depending on the behavior of the crystal structure,i.e.,photonic or phononic crystals,making the function of interface states single.In this study,straight-line and circular photonic and phononic interface states were realized independently in sunflower-type crystals.In addition,with a defect and a metal barrier,interface states could remain almost undamaged.The results have the potential to achieve multifunction devices and reduce the cost of engineering applications.

新时代中国科技期刊出版的机遇与挑战

基于中国科学院学部主办的以"新时代的科技出版"为主题的科学与技术前沿论坛的主要研讨成果,结合文献调研,对我国科技期刊的现状、面临的机遇和挑战等进行综述,并提出对策建议.本文从期刊和论文的开放获取出版、开放同行评审、开放数据、预印本平台、期刊的经营模式等方面论述了开放科学背景下的科技期刊出版,并从数字出版与传播、大数据、区块链、人工智能、基于各种新型技术和传播媒介的互动与融合等方面讨论了新技术如何推动科技出版创新发展.与国际一流科技期刊相比较,我国科技期刊在吸引高水平研究成果的能力、学术不端行为防范与处理、品牌声誉与影响力等方面都还有很大差距.在当前我国科学研究快速发展和建设世界一流期刊的良好出版环境和政策背景下,我国科技期刊面临着前所未有的发展机遇.本文提出新时代中国科技期刊的发展对策建议主要如下:(1)关注开放科学的发展趋势,融入开放科学的发展环境;(2)加强国际合作,在合作中不断发展;(3)创新科技出版服务理念,扩展出版新技术和新方式;(4)加强出版伦理规范建设,增强处理学术不端问题的能力;(5)加强科技出版人才队伍建设,提升科学传播者的科学素养;(6)寻求社会效益和市场效益的共赢,积极探索可持续发展模式.

Lysophosphatidic acid mediates the pathogenesis of psoriasis by activating keratinocytes through LPAR5

Dear Editor,Psoriasis is a common immune mediated,chronic inflammatory skin disease,which has been characterized by epidermal acanthosis,hyperkeratosis,parakeratosis and extensive infiltration of inflammatory cell.KCs have critical roles in skin innate and adaptive immune responses during the development of psoriasis,which produce large amounts of inflammatory mediators,such as antimicrobial peptides(e.g.,S100A8,9),proinflammatory cytokines(e.g,IL-6,IL-17A,C,TNF-α,)and chemokines(e.g,CXCL1,2),triggering innate or adaptive immune responses.

High-order nonreciprocal add-drop filter

Topological photonics have led to robust optical behavior of optical devices, which has alleviated the influence of manufacturing defects and perturbations on the device performance. Meanwhile, temporal coupled-mode theory(t-CMT) has been developed and applied widely. However, the t-CMT of cascaded coupled cavities(CCC) system and its corresponding high-order filter has yet to be established. Here, the t-CMT of CCC system is established based on the existing t-CMT. By combining the CCC with topological waveguides, a versatile design scheme of high-order nonreciprocal add-drop filter(HONAF) is proposed. The relationship between the coupling effect of cavities and transmission and the filtering performance of HONAF is analyzed quantitatively. Then, a method to improve the transmission efficiency and quality factor of the filter is given. The proposed HONAF is based on the combination of gyromagnetic photonic crystals and decagonal Penrose-type photonic quasicrystals. The transmission and filtering performance of the HONAF are numerically analyzed, which verifies the consistency between theoretical prediction and numerical simulation. The established t-CMT of CCC system can be widely used in coupled resonator optical waveguides and their related systems. The proposed HONAF with excellent performance can also be applied to wavelength division multiplexing/demultiplexing systems.

Relationship between self-reported residential indoor remodeling and semen quality： a case-control study

The present study examined the association between residential indoor remodeling and poor semen quality. Sperm donors aged 18-45 years old were recruited in Shanghai, China. Semen specimens were collected and analyzed. An in-person interview was conducted to obtain information on the history of indoor remodeling and potential confounders. A total of 70 participants with abnormal semen quality （case group） and 68 controls were examined. A total of 20 subjects reported indoor remodeling in the recent 24 months, and among them 17 subjects reported indoor remodeling in the recent 12 months. Compared with participants with no history of indoor remodeling, participants with a history of indoor remodeling in the recent 24 months were more than three times as likely to have poor sperm quality （adjusted odds ratio = 3.8, 95% confidence interval： 1.3-12.0） after controlling for potential confounders. The association was strengthened when the analysis was restricted to those who had indoor remodeling in the recent 12 months. Our findings provide preliminary evidence that indoor remodeling has an adverse effect on semen quality.

Shared-probe system:An accurate,low-cost and general enzyme-assisted DNA probe system for detection of genetic mutation

Enzyme assisted DNA probes are powerful tools in molecular diagnostics for their simplicity,rapidity,and low detection limit.However,cost of probes,difficulty in optimization and disturbance of secondary structure hindered the wider application of enzyme assisted DNA probes.To solve the problems,we designed a new system named shared-probe system.By introducing two unlabeled single stranded DNA named Sh1 and Sh2 as the bridge between probe and the substrate,the same sequence of dually labeled probe with stable performance was shared for different mutations,thus sparing the expense and time cost on designing,synthesizing and optimizing corresponding probes.Besides,the hybridization between Sh1 and the substrate could overcome secondary structures,which guaranteed the detection of different substrates.The performance and generality of the design were tested by low abundance detection in synthetic single DNA samples and the limit of detection was 0.05%for PTENR130 Q,EGFR-L858 R and 0.02%for BRCA1-NM007294.3.In genomic DNA samples,the limit of detection of 0.1%can be achieved for EGFR-L858 R,demonstrating the potential of clinical application in our design.