Background:Health system governance is critical to the operation of a country’s health system and its overall performance.This study analyzes the role of health system governance in driving health policy innovation a...Background:Health system governance is critical to the operation of a country’s health system and its overall performance.This study analyzes the role of health system governance in driving health policy innovation and effective implementation.Methods:A retrospective review is applied to collect,analyze and synthesize information from publications and policy documents relevant to the implementation of a typical health policy,the Patriotic Health Movement.Results:The analysis of governance highlighted a number of features underpinning this policy.These included highest authority prioritizing health system development,specific health policies being prioritized within the national development agenda,strong political will to promote the policies drawing on the advantages of the highly hierarchal administrative system in China,and accumulating evidence from local experience to support policy making.It was also found that the formation of these governance practices and how they drove policy innovation and implementation were both closely related to the political and socio-economic contexts in China.Conclusion:Given that many low-and middle-income countries are strengthening their health systems aimed at UHC,this study demonstrates that along with drawing lessons from health policies or interventions,addressing factors in each governance domain is critical in adapting the policy design to other settings and the effective operation of policies in other settings.展开更多
A flexible and free-standing multichannel carbon nanofiber （MCNF） film electrode was fabricated through electrospinning and carbonization. After high-temperature treatment of MCNFs in vacuum, the obtained fibers （M...A flexible and free-standing multichannel carbon nanofiber （MCNF） film electrode was fabricated through electrospinning and carbonization. After high-temperature treatment of MCNFs in vacuum, the obtained fibers （MCNFs-V） had a dilated interlayer spacing of graphene sheets （0.398 nm） and an ultra-low specific surface area （15.3 m2/g）. When used as an anode for sodium-ion batteries, the MCNFs-V showed a discharge plateau below 0.1 V, and sodium was intercalated into the stacked graphene sheets layers during the sodiation process. The MCNFs-V exhibited a reversible and high specific capacity of 222 mAh/g at a current density of 0.1 A/g after 100 cycles and excellent long-term cycling stability, which was superior to that of MCNFs. The improved sodium storage performance was attributed to the unique microstructure of the MCNFs-V with an enlarged interlayer spacing of graphene sheets for sodium intercalation. The MCNFs-V electrode holds great promise as an anode material for commercial sodium-ion batteries.展开更多
基金conducted under the“China-UK Global Health Support Programme”,funded by the Department for International Development(DFID).
文摘Background:Health system governance is critical to the operation of a country’s health system and its overall performance.This study analyzes the role of health system governance in driving health policy innovation and effective implementation.Methods:A retrospective review is applied to collect,analyze and synthesize information from publications and policy documents relevant to the implementation of a typical health policy,the Patriotic Health Movement.Results:The analysis of governance highlighted a number of features underpinning this policy.These included highest authority prioritizing health system development,specific health policies being prioritized within the national development agenda,strong political will to promote the policies drawing on the advantages of the highly hierarchal administrative system in China,and accumulating evidence from local experience to support policy making.It was also found that the formation of these governance practices and how they drove policy innovation and implementation were both closely related to the political and socio-economic contexts in China.Conclusion:Given that many low-and middle-income countries are strengthening their health systems aimed at UHC,this study demonstrates that along with drawing lessons from health policies or interventions,addressing factors in each governance domain is critical in adapting the policy design to other settings and the effective operation of policies in other settings.
基金This work was financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China （Nos. 21373195, 51674228, and 51622210）, the National Key Research and Development Program of China （No. 2016YFB0100305）, the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities （Nos. WK3430000004 and WK2320000034）, the Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology. Q. S. Wo is supported by Youth Innovation Promotion Association CAS （No. 2013286）.
文摘A flexible and free-standing multichannel carbon nanofiber （MCNF） film electrode was fabricated through electrospinning and carbonization. After high-temperature treatment of MCNFs in vacuum, the obtained fibers （MCNFs-V） had a dilated interlayer spacing of graphene sheets （0.398 nm） and an ultra-low specific surface area （15.3 m2/g）. When used as an anode for sodium-ion batteries, the MCNFs-V showed a discharge plateau below 0.1 V, and sodium was intercalated into the stacked graphene sheets layers during the sodiation process. The MCNFs-V exhibited a reversible and high specific capacity of 222 mAh/g at a current density of 0.1 A/g after 100 cycles and excellent long-term cycling stability, which was superior to that of MCNFs. The improved sodium storage performance was attributed to the unique microstructure of the MCNFs-V with an enlarged interlayer spacing of graphene sheets for sodium intercalation. The MCNFs-V electrode holds great promise as an anode material for commercial sodium-ion batteries.
