BACKGROUND Echinococcosis is prevalent in 9 provinces in Western and Northern China.An epidemiological survey of echinococcosis in 2012 and 2016 showed cases of echinococcosis in Yunnan Province.AIM To understand the ...BACKGROUND Echinococcosis is prevalent in 9 provinces in Western and Northern China.An epidemiological survey of echinococcosis in 2012 and 2016 showed cases of echinococcosis in Yunnan Province.AIM To understand the spatial distribution and epidemiological characteristics of echinococcosis in Yunnan for the prevention and control of echinococcosis and to reduce the risk of infection in Yunnan Province.METHODS Based on the China Information System for Disease Control and Prevention(CISDCP),echinococcosis cases reported from 36 hospitals and 34 Centers for Disease Control were investigated and epidemiologically analyzed from 2021 to 2022.The exclusion criteria included suspected cases,same case only counted once and cases not from Yunnan.A total of 705 cases were investigated,of which 397 cases were suitable for statistical analysis.In these 397 cases,epidemiological investigation was tracked in 187 cases.All data were inputted using double entry in the Excel database,with error correction by double-entry comparison.The data on echinococcosis cases in Yunnan Province were analyzed by ArcGIS 10.1 software to generate a density map of echinococcosis distribution.All statistical analyses were conducted using SPSS 17.0,including the chi-square test,linear regression test and logistic univariate and multivariate regression analyses.RESULTS A total of 397 cases were found in 89 counties in Yunnan Province.The number of cases in the top three prefectures were Dali(38.1%),Diqing(10.1%),and Kunming(8.3%),and the top five counties were Jianchuan(9.1%),Shangri La(8.3%),Eryuan(7.6%),Heqing(6.9%),and Dali Districts(5.0%).There were significant differences between the different areas.The case reporting rate by CISDCP(33.8%)was low;the first case was reported by CISDCP in 2002,and the highest number of cases was 50(2017).Confirmed and clinical cases accounted for 62.5%and 37.5%,respectively.However,90.9%of the cases of hydatid disease were reported by the hospital system,and only 9.1%of the cases of hydatid disease were found in the community through active screening.The difference between the two methods of case detection was statistically significant.Most of the cases of echinococcosis were found in farmers/herdsmen(75.1%)and students(9.1%).In addition,Han(43.6%)and Bai(26.2%)had a higher incidence of infection than other nationalities,and the liver(87.7%)and lung(6.8%)were the most common sites of cyst formation.Among the analyzed cases,187 were epidemiologically analyzed and the clinical symptoms were not obvious in the early stage in 47.1%of cases.The results of logistic regression analysis showed that the age group,education level,presence of dogs in the family(either previously or currently),and handwashing(occasionally or not)were factors related to echinococcosis infection.55.6%of cases were in endemic areas,and 44.4%of cases were in non-endemic areas.Among 83 cases in non-endemic areas,only 4 cases had been to endemic areas and had a history of living,working,travelling,or hunting in echinococcosis epidemic areas.CONCLUSION Cases of echinococcosis were reported throughout the entire Yunnan province,with the majority distributed in Western Yunnan,suggesting that echinococcosis control should be strengthened in this area.We suggest that an epidemiological investigation should be carried out in the future,based on the clues from newly discovered cases in hospitals or from the CISDCP.The newly discovered cases in the hospital provided clues to comprehensively determine the location of cases and where epidemic spot investigation should be conducted.展开更多
Background:Implementing effective interventions remain a lot of difficulties along all border regions.The emergence of artemisinin resistance of Plasmodium falciparum strains in the Greater Mekong Subregion is a matte...Background:Implementing effective interventions remain a lot of difficulties along all border regions.The emergence of artemisinin resistance of Plasmodium falciparum strains in the Greater Mekong Subregion is a matter of great concern.China has effectively controlled cross-border transmission of malaria and artemisinin resistance of P.falciparum along the China-Myanmar border.Methods:A combined quantitative and qualitative study was used to collect data,and then an integrated impact evaluation was conducted to malaria control along the China-Myanmar border during 2007-2013.Results:The parasite prevalence rate(PPR)in the five special regions of Myanmar was decreased from 13.6%in March 2008 to 1.5%in November 2013.Compared with the baseline(PPR in March 2008),the risk ratio was only 0.11[95%confidence interval(CI),0.09-0.14]in November 2013,which is equal to an 89%reduction in the malaria burden.Annual parasite incidence(API)across 19 Chinese border counties was reduced from 19.6 per 10000 person-years in 2006 to 0.9 per 10000 person-years in 2013.Compared with the baseline(API in 2006),the API rate ratio was only 0.05(95%CI,0.04-0.05)in 2013,which equates to a reduction of the malaria burden by 95.0%.Meanwhile,the health service system was strengthened and health inequity of marginalized populations reduced along the international border.Conclusion:The effective collaboration between China,Myanmar and the international non-governmental organization promptly carried out the core interventions through simplified processes.The integrated approaches dramatically decreased malaria burden of Chinese-Myanmar border.展开更多
基金Supported by Central Government Transfer Payment of ChinaOpen Project of Key Laboratory of Echinococcosis Control and Research of the National Health Commission of People’s Republic of China,No.2021WZK1001。
文摘BACKGROUND Echinococcosis is prevalent in 9 provinces in Western and Northern China.An epidemiological survey of echinococcosis in 2012 and 2016 showed cases of echinococcosis in Yunnan Province.AIM To understand the spatial distribution and epidemiological characteristics of echinococcosis in Yunnan for the prevention and control of echinococcosis and to reduce the risk of infection in Yunnan Province.METHODS Based on the China Information System for Disease Control and Prevention(CISDCP),echinococcosis cases reported from 36 hospitals and 34 Centers for Disease Control were investigated and epidemiologically analyzed from 2021 to 2022.The exclusion criteria included suspected cases,same case only counted once and cases not from Yunnan.A total of 705 cases were investigated,of which 397 cases were suitable for statistical analysis.In these 397 cases,epidemiological investigation was tracked in 187 cases.All data were inputted using double entry in the Excel database,with error correction by double-entry comparison.The data on echinococcosis cases in Yunnan Province were analyzed by ArcGIS 10.1 software to generate a density map of echinococcosis distribution.All statistical analyses were conducted using SPSS 17.0,including the chi-square test,linear regression test and logistic univariate and multivariate regression analyses.RESULTS A total of 397 cases were found in 89 counties in Yunnan Province.The number of cases in the top three prefectures were Dali(38.1%),Diqing(10.1%),and Kunming(8.3%),and the top five counties were Jianchuan(9.1%),Shangri La(8.3%),Eryuan(7.6%),Heqing(6.9%),and Dali Districts(5.0%).There were significant differences between the different areas.The case reporting rate by CISDCP(33.8%)was low;the first case was reported by CISDCP in 2002,and the highest number of cases was 50(2017).Confirmed and clinical cases accounted for 62.5%and 37.5%,respectively.However,90.9%of the cases of hydatid disease were reported by the hospital system,and only 9.1%of the cases of hydatid disease were found in the community through active screening.The difference between the two methods of case detection was statistically significant.Most of the cases of echinococcosis were found in farmers/herdsmen(75.1%)and students(9.1%).In addition,Han(43.6%)and Bai(26.2%)had a higher incidence of infection than other nationalities,and the liver(87.7%)and lung(6.8%)were the most common sites of cyst formation.Among the analyzed cases,187 were epidemiologically analyzed and the clinical symptoms were not obvious in the early stage in 47.1%of cases.The results of logistic regression analysis showed that the age group,education level,presence of dogs in the family(either previously or currently),and handwashing(occasionally or not)were factors related to echinococcosis infection.55.6%of cases were in endemic areas,and 44.4%of cases were in non-endemic areas.Among 83 cases in non-endemic areas,only 4 cases had been to endemic areas and had a history of living,working,travelling,or hunting in echinococcosis epidemic areas.CONCLUSION Cases of echinococcosis were reported throughout the entire Yunnan province,with the majority distributed in Western Yunnan,suggesting that echinococcosis control should be strengthened in this area.We suggest that an epidemiological investigation should be carried out in the future,based on the clues from newly discovered cases in hospitals or from the CISDCP.The newly discovered cases in the hospital provided clues to comprehensively determine the location of cases and where epidemic spot investigation should be conducted.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.52071002)the National Natural Science Foundation of Anhui Province,China(No.2008085QE200)the Major Science and Technology Project of Precious Metal Materials Genetic Engineering in Yunnan Province,China(Nos.2019ZE001-1,202002AB080001)。
基金supported by the sixth(CHN-607-G09-M)and the tenth(CHN-011-G15-M)grants of the Global Fund to fight AIDS,Tuberculosis and Malaria(GFATM)to Chinasupported by the tenth(CHN-011-G15-M)grants of the GFATM to Chinasupported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC/81560543).
文摘Background:Implementing effective interventions remain a lot of difficulties along all border regions.The emergence of artemisinin resistance of Plasmodium falciparum strains in the Greater Mekong Subregion is a matter of great concern.China has effectively controlled cross-border transmission of malaria and artemisinin resistance of P.falciparum along the China-Myanmar border.Methods:A combined quantitative and qualitative study was used to collect data,and then an integrated impact evaluation was conducted to malaria control along the China-Myanmar border during 2007-2013.Results:The parasite prevalence rate(PPR)in the five special regions of Myanmar was decreased from 13.6%in March 2008 to 1.5%in November 2013.Compared with the baseline(PPR in March 2008),the risk ratio was only 0.11[95%confidence interval(CI),0.09-0.14]in November 2013,which is equal to an 89%reduction in the malaria burden.Annual parasite incidence(API)across 19 Chinese border counties was reduced from 19.6 per 10000 person-years in 2006 to 0.9 per 10000 person-years in 2013.Compared with the baseline(API in 2006),the API rate ratio was only 0.05(95%CI,0.04-0.05)in 2013,which equates to a reduction of the malaria burden by 95.0%.Meanwhile,the health service system was strengthened and health inequity of marginalized populations reduced along the international border.Conclusion:The effective collaboration between China,Myanmar and the international non-governmental organization promptly carried out the core interventions through simplified processes.The integrated approaches dramatically decreased malaria burden of Chinese-Myanmar border.
