Global and Comparative Proteome Analysis of Nitrogen-Stress Responsive Proteins in the Root, Stem and Leaf of Brassica napus

Nitrogen(N)is one of the basic nutrients and signals for plant development and deficiency of it would always limit the productions of crops in the field.Quantitative research on expression of N-stress responsive proteins on a proteome level remains elusive.In order to gain a deep insight into the proteins responding to nitrogen stress in rapeseed(Brassica napus L.),comparative proteomic analysis was performed to investigate changes of protein expression profiles from the root,stem and leaf under different N concentrations,respectively.More than 200 differential abundance proteins(DAPs)were detected and categorized into groups according to annotations,including“binding and catalytic activity”,“involved in primary metabolism and cellular processes”,“stress-response”and so on.Variation in chlorophyll(Chl)content and antioxidant activities further revealed that oxidative stress raised with the increase of N concentration.Bioinformatics analysis based on the expression level of total proteins suggested these DAPs might play important roles in adaptation to N-stress conditions.Generally,these results provides a new aspect into N-stress responding proteins in Brassica plants.

Recent Advances,Problems and Outlooks in Rapeseed(Brassica napus L.)Breeding in China

As a big rapeseed(Brassica napus L.) producing and consuming country, China provides more and more rapeseed oil year by year. With the development of demand for rapeseed and import of edible oil, rapeseed breeding and production is facing a great challenge. New situation has proposed higher requirements to yield, oil quality and safety, etc. In the review, some aspects about rapeseed breeding in China were reported, including breeding of high-oil content rapeseed, breeding of extremely early-maturing rapeseed, development of mechanization and development of chemical emasculation. Some prospects and expectations were also proposed.

Genome-wide identification and expression profiling of the YUCCA gene family in Brassica napus

Auxin is essential for plant growth and development,also closely related to plant architecture.YUCCA(YUC)proteins catalyse the rate-limiting step for endogenous auxin biosynthesis.In this study,we identified 57 Bn YUC genes in Brassica napus(rapeseed)genome,located on 17 chromosomes.Among them,A09 chromosome contained the most Bn YUCs as 6.Phylogenetic tree showed that all Bn YUC members were divided into 2 evolutionary clusters,including 7 sub-groups.Among the sub-groups,Clade I-C consisted 20 members,evolved independently from Arabidopsis thaliana,and motif 10 was unique.Genomic collinearity analysis showed that YUC collinear gene pairs widely existed in Brassica species,indicating that this family has a high retention rate in the evolution.Expression profile suggested that the Bn YUC family genes tended to express in specific growth/development stages as well as suffering stress/hormone treatments.It suggested that dominant expression of specific members existed with each development stage or treatment,indicating that each Bn YUC might have a clear division of work,and play a given biological function.This work was expected to build a basis for further study of the involvement of Bn YUC in growth,development and stress response.

Research Progress of Polygonatum Germplasm Resources in China

Polygonatum is a traditional and precious Chinese medicine in China,as well as a traditional medicinal and food homologous material.It has a long history of cultivation and medicinal use.It not only has the effects of boosting qi and nourishing yin,nourishing the spleen and lungs,and tonifying the kidney,but also application value in food,health products,ornamental,cosmetics,etc.There are many varieties of Polygonatum resources all over China,which are easy to be mixed.There are three species of medicinal Polygonatum recorded in the 2015 edition of Pharmacopeia of the People s Republic of China.In order to sustainably use and fully develop Polygonatum medicinal resources,we conducted textual research on relevant data and research on the distribution of Polygonatum resources,germplasm identification,genetic diversity and breeding research,so as to provide a reference for the selection and breeding of polygonatum,artificial cultivation and the development and utilization of potential Polygonatum resources and for the solution of the contradiction between supply and demand in the Polygonatum market.

Coordinated responses of leaf and nodule traits contribute to the accumulation of N in relay intercropped soybean

Maize(Zea mays L.)-soybean(Glycine max L.Merr.)relay intercropping provides a way to enhance land productivity.However,the late-planted soybean suffers from shading by the maize.After maize harvest,how the recovery growth influences the leaf and nodule traits remains unclear.A three-year field experiment was conducted to evaluate the effects of genotypes,i.e.,supernodulating(nts1007),Nandou 12(ND12),and Guixia 3(GX3),and crop configurations,i.e.,the interspecific row spacing of 45(I45),60(I60),75 cm(I75),and sole soybean(SS),on soybean recovery growth and N fixation.The results showed that intercropping reduced the soybean total leaf area(LA)by reducing both the leaf number(LN)and unit leaflet area(LUA),and it reduced the nodule dry weight(NW)by reducing both the nodule number(NN)and nodule diameter(ND)compared with the SS.The correlation and principal component analysis(PCA)indicated a co-variability of the leaf and nodule traits in response to the genotype and crop configuration interactions.During the recovery growth stages,the compensatory growth promoted soybean growth to reduce the gaps of leaf and nodule traits between intercropping and SS.The relative growth rates of ureide(RGR_U)and nitrogen(RGR_N)accumulation were higher in intercropping than in SS.Intercropping achieved more significant sucrose and starch contents compared with SS.ND12 and GX3 showed more robust compensatory growth than nts1007 in intercropping.Although the recovery growth of relay intercropping soybean improved biomass and nitrogen accumulation,ND12 gained a more significant partial land equivalent ratio(pLER)than GX3.The I60 treatment achieved more robust compensation effects on biomass and N accumulation than the other configurations.Meanwhile,I60 showed a higher nodule sucrose content and greater shoot ureide and N accumulation than SS.Finally,intercropping ND12 with maize using an interspecific row spacing of 60 cm was optimal for both yield advantage and N accumulation.