Human mpox co-infection with advanced HIV-1 and XDR-TB in a MSM patient previously vaccinated against smallpox:A case report

Mpox is a zoonotic infectious disease caused by the mpox virus(MPXV).Historically,the majority of mpox cases have been documented in Central Africa.However,since May 2022,there has been a notable rise in reported cases from regions beyond Africa.Currently,over 110 countries spanning Europe,North America,South America,Asia,and other territories have reported mpox infections.This report details a case involving a patient who identifies as a man who has sex with men(MSM)and is concurrently infected with MPXV,human immunodeficiency virus type 1(HIV-1),Pneumocystis jiroveci,as well as extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis(XDR-TB).This patient had also received a vaccination for smallpox in the past.Additionally,we provide photographic documentation charting the progression of dermatological manifestations associated with mpox.This case highlights the significance of sexual intercourse as a crucial mode of transmission for mpox.The rapid and widespread dissemination of the MPXV across various regions,especially among MSM communities,underscores the importance of enhancing preventive education efforts targeted at high-risk populations.

A Case of Acute HIV-1 and Monkeypox Coinfection After Condomless Insertive Anal Sex in the Previous 69 Days—Beijing Municipality,China,August-October,2023

Summary What is already known about this topic?The prevalence of monkeypox(mpox)infections is primarily observed among young men who engage in sexual activities with other men,and there is a possibility of sexual transmission.Co-occurring sexually transmitted infections have also been documented.What is added by this report?In this report,we present a case of a patient in China who was simultaneously diagnosed with mpox,and acute human immunodeficiency virus(HIV)infection.

Clinical characteristics of patients diagnosed with COVID-19 in Beijing

This study aimed to determine the clinical characteristics of patients diagnosed with the coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19).Clinical data of COVID-19 patients diagnosed between January 28,2020 and February 23,2020 at the Beijing You'an Hospital were summarized and analyzed.Overall,45(18 men and 27 women)patients were included in this study.The average age of patients was 58 years(range,7–94 years).Furthermore,21 patients(47%)experienced underlying chronic diseases,with another four patients(9%)having three or more chronic diseases simultaneously.The first symptoms appeared at the onset of illness onset include fever in 36 patients(80%),cough in 23 patients(51%),and expectoration in 15 patients(33%),respectively.Patientsmay experience hepatic and renal injury as well as abnormal myocardial enzymes in varying degrees.Senior patients(≥58)and accompanying chronic diseases were considered as independent predictors for developing a severe and critically ill population with increased mortality.Laboratory results regarding the NEU percentage,NLR,ALC,and C-reactive protein levels were considered significant in predicting clinically critical disease or for prognosis assessment and thus require further studies.COVID-19 may affect multiple organs of the human body.Glucocorticoid is considered effective in the treatment of patients diagnosed with severe COVID-19.