COVID-19 vaccination and diabetic ketoacidosis

An efficient coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)vaccine is urgently required to fight the pandemic due to its high transmission rate and quick dissemination.There have been numerous reports on the side effects of the COVID-19 immunization,with a focus on its negative effects.Clinical endocrinology is extremely interested in the endocrine issue that arises after receiving the COVID-19 vaccine.As was already mentioned,after receiving the COVID-19 vaccine,many clinical problems could occur.Additionally,there are some compelling reports on diabetes.After receiving the COVID-19 vaccine,a patient experienced hyperosmolar hyperglycemia state,a case of newly-onset type 2 diabetes.There has also been information on a potential connection between the COVID-19 vaccine and diabetic ketoacidosis.Common symptoms include thirst,polydipsia,polyuria,palpitations,a lack of appetite,and weariness.In extremely rare clinical circumstances,a COVID-19 vaccine recipient may develop diabetes complications such as hyperglycemia and ketoacidosis.In these circumstances,routine clinical care has a successful track record.It is advised to give vaccine recipients who are vulnerable to problems,such as those with type 1 diabetes as an underlying illness,extra attention.

Effect of SARS-CoV-2 infection on trauma throughput to alternative elective care approaches

In response to the paper on coronavirus disease 2019's effects on trauma throughput,elective care models should be modified.Concerns about the relevant factors and their potential therapeutic applications are brought up and looked into.

Adipocytokine profile in children with Kawasaki disease

This letter to editor discusses on the publication on adipocytokine profile in children with Kawasaki disease.Concerns on confounding factors are raised and discussed.

H5N6 influenza virus infection, the newest influenza

The most recent new emerging infection is the H5N6 inl uenza virus infection. This infection has just been reported from China in early May 2014. The disease is believed to be a cross species infection. All indexed cases are from China. Of interest, the H5N6 inl uenza virus is the primary virus for avian. The avian H5N6 inl uenza virus in avian population is a low virulent strain. However, the clinical manifestation in human seems severe. In this mini-review, the authors summarize and discuss on this new emerging inl uenza.

Epitope finding in 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV): The first world report

Wuhan coronavirus infection is a new emerging disease that started in China and presently spread into many countries[1,2]. The disease is an acute illness with respiratory manifestation caused by 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) as designated by the World Health Organization (WHO). Until the present, there is no specific antiviral treatment. For prevention, standard infection control is necessary. Similar to any new emerging infectious diseases, finding new vaccine against the virus is the hope. In vaccinology, the first step for finding new vaccine is identifying the epitope of the pathogen. Based on the new bioinformatics technology, the bioinformatics approach is useful for epitope finding. The good example is the previous epitope finding within emerging Zika virus molecule[3]. Based on the same technique as used in the previous study on Zika virus[3], the authors hereby report the primary data on epitope finding in Wuhan novel coronavirus.

Immunological reactive rate to Zika virus in canine sera:A report from a tropical area and concern on pet,zoonosis and reservoir host

This letter to editor discusses and describes Zika virus IgG seropositivity rate in canine sera from endemic area.This is the first world report and it raises an urgent concern on pet,zoonosis and reservoir host regarding Zika virus.

Determination of ligand cluster and binding site within VP40 of Ebola virus:clue for drug development

Dear Editor. Ebola virus infection is the present public health threct that posed the trend of wordwide pandemic[1].At present.there is still no effective drug and vaccine for trearment of

Problem of presently available diagnostic tests for Zika virus infection: View from Thailand

Dear Editor,Zika virus infection is the present global issue due to the finding of occurrence of congenital defect relating to this infection[1,2].The disease is a dengue-like infection,hence,it is well-known that the missed and under diagnosis is possible[1,2].However,the big concern is on the reliability of the presently available diagnostic tests for diagnosing Zika virus infection.Here,the authors appraise on previous

Feasibility of using melatonin as a new treatment agent for Ebola virus infection: A gene ontology study

Dear Editor,The effective treatment of the present outbreak Ebola virus is the big challenge for the medical society.Several new therapeutic options are ongoing research.The development of new antiviral and vaccine is the hope for successful management of the infection.However,there are also other alternative ideas for treatment of the Ebola virus infection.An interesting idea is

Toxocara infection in gardener

To the editor,The report on Toxocara infection in gardener is very interesting[1].Esquivel et al.concluded that"gardeners do not have a higher risk for Toxocara infection than subjects of the general population in Durango City,Mexico"[1].In fact,considering the source of infection of Toxocara,it can be at risk for anyone who contacts it.As an occupation,gardener might have a chance to contact soil.In fact,everyone has to contact soil and the gardener does not live all day but part

Identification of active pocket and protein druggability within envelope glycoprotein GP2 from Ebola virus

The drug searching for combating the present outbreak of Ebola virus infection is the urgent activity at present.Finding the new effective drug at present must base on the molecular analysis of the pathogenic virus.The in-depth analysis of the viral protein to find the binding site,active pocket is needed.Here,the authors analyzed the envelope glycoprotein GP2 from Ebola virus.Identification of active pocket and protein draggability within envelope glycoprotein GP2 from Ebola virus was done.According to this assessment,7 active pockets with varied draggability could be identified.

Clinical presentation of the new emerging infectious disease,H6N1 bird flu

To the editor,The newest emerging influenza which has just been reported in November 2013 from Taiwan province is the H6N1 bird flu.This infeetion is the emerging zoonotic influenza which crosses species from avian to human beings[1.2].The first indexed case in Taiwan presented with acute respiratory illness,which is concordant with the clinical feature of acute influenza infection[1,2].

Ebola virus infection,human Hsa-miR-1246,hsa-miR-320a and hsa-miR-196b-5p and predicted targets

To the editor,Sir,the present problematic Ebola virus(HBOV)infectionin Africa is the global concern.The pathogenesis and hostresponse to the EBOV infection is the interesting topic.

No structural change due to G228S substitution of haemagglutinin in emerging H6N1 influenza virus

To the editor,Sir,in later 2013,the newest emerging influenza infection is firstly reported from Taiwan[1,2].This newest cross species influeza is called H6N1 bird flu[1,2].Genetic mutation is believed to be the cause of cross species infection and the G228S substitution of haeniagglutinin is proposed for increasing the mutant affinity for the humanα2-6 linked sialic acid receptor[3].This mechanism is believed

Afebrile presentation of 2014 Western Africa Ebolavirus infection:the thing that should not be forgotten

The 2014 Western Ebolavirus infectionis the serious emerging disease at present[1-3].This disease result in high fatality and rapidly widespread in Africa.hence.it becomes the present concern for medical society[1-3].The knowledge on clinical presentation on this new Ebola virus infection is extremely limited.It is

Cerebral malaria: An interactive brain mapping study

This short communication discusses an interactive brain mapping study using connectomics technique on an important neurological complication of a common tropical infection,malaria.According to this study,the molecules and cells related to cerebral malaria can be successfully identified.The derived data can be useful for further study on pathophysiology and drug search for cerebral malaria.

Humidity that is appropriate for Zika virus infection:A summary from Thai cases

In the present day,Zika virus infection is a big problem in medicine.As a mosquito borne infectious disease,the climate parameters including humidity can affect the disease suitability.However,there is no previous data on the appropriate humidity level that can promote Zika virus infection.Here,the authors analyze the data on humidity where the Zika infections are detected in Thailand and found that the average humidity is equal to(66.14%±19.86%),which is the level that can be seen in several areas of the world including to non-tropical countries.This implies that there is a possible risk of Zika virus infection in the non-tropical country with appropriate humidity level.

Immunoglobulin G4 associated autoimmune cholangitis and pancreatitis and nivolumab

This letter to editor discussing on the publication on immunoglobulin G4 associated autoimmune cholangitis and pancreatitis following the administration of nivolumab.Concerns on confounding factors are raised and discussed.

Acute ascites as a clinical manifestation of dengue: A case report

Rationale:Dengue is an important tropical disease that can cause acute hemorrhagic fever.Other atypical clinical presentations of dengue also can occur,and acute ascites is one of them.Patients'concern:A 47-year-old male patient was referred to the physician with acute abdominal extension for 2 days.He revealed a history of fatigue and right upper abdominal pain in the past 4 days.Diagnosis:Dengue-induced acute ascites.Intervention:Standard fluid replacement therapy.Outcome:The clinical finding of the patient returned to normal within 5 days.Lesson:Since dengue has been expanding its endemic area at present,an atypical clinical presentation is possible and should not be ignored in the process of diagnosis.In addition,the clinical presentation of acute distention of abdomen with abnormal petechiae is a good diagnostic implication for dengue-induced ascites.

Acute abdomen as a clinical presentation of lymphoma: A case report

Rationale: Acute abdomen is a medical emergency that requires prompt diagnosis and management. Lymphoma is a rare cause of acute abdomen. Patient concerns: A 54 year old patient complained of repeated episodes of acute abdominal pain over the past 3 months. Diagnosis: Mantle cell lymphoma. Interventions: Chemotherapy and stem cell transplantation.Outcomes: Abdomen pain disappeared and the patient was discharged uneventfully. Lessons: Although it is a rare cause of acute abdomen, lymphoma should be included in the differential diagnosis workup of patients with unexplained and unusual acute abdomen.