补骨脂对肝脏的双重作用:肝保护还是肝毒性?

中药补骨脂(Psoraleae Fructus)为豆科植物补骨脂Psoralea corylifolia L.的干燥成熟果实,主要包含黄酮、香豆素、单萜酚和苯并呋喃类化合物,具有免疫调节、抗氧化、雌激素样等多种药理作用,临床广泛应用于治疗骨质疏松、白癜风、银屑病等。目前,越来越多的药理研究表明,补骨脂及其活性成分在肝脏疾病以及动物模型中具有保护肝细胞、改善肝功能的作用;但随着补骨脂及其相关制剂的临床广泛应用,以及药物不良反应监测体系的完善,补骨脂及其相关制剂引发肝脏损伤的不良反应案例报道越来越多,提示补骨脂及其相关制剂对肝脏可能具有双重作用,即既具有肝脏保护作用又具有肝毒性作用。本文总结了近年来有关补骨脂中单体成分、提取物及其相关制剂的肝保护以及肝毒性作用的研究,归纳了其直接肝毒性及其在不同病理条件下对肝脏的毒/效作用及机制,以期为补骨脂及其相关制剂临床适应症的开发以及安全应用提供理论依据。

Circulating microRNAs as potential biomarkers for diagnosis of congenital heart defects

BACKGROUND: Micro RNAs are small non-coding RNAs of approximately 22 nucleotides in length, and play important regulatory roles in normal heart development and the pathogenesis of heart diseases. Recently, a few prospective studies have implicated the diagnostic role of micro RNAs in congenital heart defects(CHD).DATA RESOURCES: This review retrieved the research articles in Pub Med focusing on the altered microR NAs in cardiac tissue or serum of patients with CHD versus healthy normal controls, as well as the studies exploring circulating microR NAs as potential biomarkers for(fetal) CHD.RESULTS: Most of the studies of interest were conducted in recent years, implicating that the topic in this review is a newly emerging field and is drawing much attention. Moreover, a number of differentially expressed microR NAs between CHD specimens and normal controls have been reported.CONCLUSION: Circulating micro RNAs may serve as potential biomarkers for diagnosis of CHD in the future, with more efforts paving the road to the aim.

High-Performance Na-Ion Storage of S-Doped Porous Carbon Derived from Conjugated Microporous Polymers

Na-ion batteries(NIBs)have attracted considerable attention in recent years owing to the high abundance and low cost of Na.It is well known that S doping can improve the electrochemical performance of carbon materials for NIBs.However,the current methods for S doping in carbons normally involve toxic precursors or rigorous conditions.In this work,we report a creative and facile strategy for preparing S-doped porous carbons(SCs)via the pyrolysis of conjugated microporous polymers(CMPs).Briefly,thiophene-based CMPs served as the precursors and doping sources simultaneously.Simple direct carbonization of CMPs produced S-doped carbon materials with highly porous structures.When used as an anode for NIBs,the SCs exhibited a high reversible capacity of 440 mAh g?1 at 50 mA g?1 after 100 cycles,superior rate capability,and excellent cycling stability(297 mAh g?1 after 1000 cycles at 500 mA g?1),outperforming most S-doped carbon materials reported thus far.The excellent performance of the SCs is attributed to the expanded lattice distance after S doping.Furthermore,we employed ex situ X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy to investigate the electrochemical reaction mechanism of the SCs during sodiation-desodiation,which can highlight the role of doped S for Na-ion storage.

Numerical simulation of base flow with hot base bleed for two jet models

In order to improve the benefits of base bleed in base flow field,the base flow with hot base bleed for two jet models is studied.Twodimensional axisymmetric Navier-Stokes equations are computed by using a finite volume scheme.The base flow of a cylinder afterbody with base bleed is simulated.The simulation results are validated with the experimental data,and the experimental results are well reproduced.On this basis,the base flow fields with base bleed for a circular jet model and an annulus jet model are investigated by selecting the injection temperature from 830 K to 2200 K.The results show that the base pressure of the annular jet model is higher than that of the circular jet model with the changes of the injection parameter and the injection temperature.For the circular jet model,the hot gases are concentrated in the vicinity of the base.For the annular jet model,the bleed gases flow into the shear layer directly so that the hot gases are concentrated in the shear layer.The latter temperature distribution is better for the increase of base pressure.

In-situ polymerized cross-linked binder for cathode in lithium-sulfur batteries

Volume expansion and polysulfide shuttle effect are the main barriers for the commercialization of lithium-sulfur(Li-S) battery.In this work,we in-situ polymerized a cross-linked binder in sulfur cathode to solve the aforementioned problems using a facile method under mild conditions.Polycarbonate diol(PCDL),triethanolamine(TEA) and hexamethylene diisocyanate(HDI) were chosen as precursors to prepare the cross-linked binder.The in-situ polymerized binder(PTH) builds a strong network in sulfur cathode,which could restrain the volume expansion of sulfu r.Moreover,by adopting functional groups of oxygen atoms and nitrogen atoms,the binder could effectively facilitate transportation of Li-ion and adsorb polysulfide chemically.The Li-S battery with bare sulfur and carbon/sulfur composite cathodes and cross-linked PTH binder displays much better electrochemical performance than that of the battery with PVDF.The PTH-bare S cathode with a mass loading of 5.97 mg/cm^2 could deliver a capacity of 733.3 mAh/g at 0.2 C,and remained 585.5 mAh/g after 100 cycles.This in-situ polymerized binder is proved to be quite effective on restraining the volume expansion and suppressing polysulfide shuttle effect,then improving the electrochemical performance of Li-S battery.

经皮冠状动脉生物可吸收支架介入治疗围术期的护理

目的总结经皮冠状动脉介入治疗(percutaneous coronary intervention,PCI)中生物可吸收支架围术期护理经验。方法回顾性分析杭州师范大学附属医院2021年12月至2022年9月收治的冠心病行经皮冠状动脉生物可吸收支架介入治疗患者10例的临床资料,分析总结其护理要点。结果10例手术患者均获成功,住院期间未出现与生物可吸收支架相关的并发症,平均住院5 d康复出院,出院后3~6个月门诊及电话随访无心血管不良事件发生,总体效果满意。结论术前护士高效的理论培训、导管室物品和患者的准备,术中常规护理配合、靶血管影像测量、支架的输送和释放以及并发症护理观察,术后预防急性或亚急性支架内血栓事件发生及做好延续性护理服务等护理要点是提高手术成功率及患者生活质量的关键。

LORELEI-LIKE GPI-ANCHORED PROTEINS 2/3 Regulate Pollen Tube Growth as Chaperones and Coreceptors for ANXUR/BUPS Receptor Kinases in Arabidopsis

Pollen tube growth is crucial for successful fertilization.In Arabidopsis thaliana,the ANXUR(ANX)/BUPS receptor kinase complex controls and maintains pollen tube growth in response to autocrine rapid alkalin-ization factor 4/19(RALF4/19)signaling;however,the molecular and cellular mechanisms underlying the ANX/BUPS-mediated regulation of pollen tube growth remain unclear.In this study,we found that pollen-specific LORELEI-like GPI-anchored proteins 2 and 3(LLG2/3)promote pollen tube growth in vitro and in vivo.LLG2/3 interacte with ANX/BUPS in a RALF4-concentration-dependent manner,suggesting that ANX/BUPS and LLG2/3 might form a receptor-coreceptor complex for perceiving RALF peptide signals.Disruption of the ANX/BUPS-LLG2/3 interaction led to the cytoplasmic retention of ANX1/2,in either llg2/3 knockdown mutants or in anx1/2 mutants lacking the J region,which mediates the ANX/BUPS-LLG2/3 interaction.Moreover,we found that RALF4 induced the production of reactive oxygen species(ROS),which stimulate pollen tube growth and reduce pollen burst rate.ROS levels are reduced in the pollen tubes of LLG2/3 RNAi lines,and application of exogenous H2O2 could partially rescue the defective pollen tube growth of LLG2/3 RNAi lines.Taken together,our study identifies LLG2/3 as novel regulatory components of pollen tube growth,and shows that they chaperone ANX/BUPS for secretion to the apical plasma membrane of pollen tube and act as coreceptors of ANX/BUPS in the acti-vation of ROS production for promoting pollen tube growth.

Large-Size Honeycomb-Shaped and Iris-Like Liquid Crystal Elastomer Actuators

Nature is providing inspiration for researchers to mimic its functions or existing structures,which could remarkably promote the development of new materials.Here,a large-size honeycomb-shaped liquid crystal elastomer(LCE)actuator with LC orientation along the height of the honeycomb shape is built by combining magnetic field alignment and soft lithography technology.This homeotropic alignment allowed the height contraction of honeycomb and pore size expansion of hexagons in a reversible manner upon temperature variation.Therefore,this LCE actuator can be used as a structure for temperature-gated separation of particles.Another example is an iris-like LCE actuator,which has the capability of adjusting its aperture size with a temperature variation.Our approach provides a simple way to design customizable sophisticated LCE actuators for various potential applications.