This study reviews the recent advances in data-driven polarimetric imaging technologies based on a wide range of practical applications.The widespread international research and activity in polarimetric imaging techni...This study reviews the recent advances in data-driven polarimetric imaging technologies based on a wide range of practical applications.The widespread international research and activity in polarimetric imaging techniques demonstrate their broad applications and interest.Polarization information is increasingly incorporated into convolutional neural networks(CNN)as a supplemental feature of objects to improve performance in computer vision task applications.Polarimetric imaging and deep learning can extract abundant information to address various challenges.Therefore,this article briefly reviews recent developments in data-driven polarimetric imaging,including polarimetric descattering,3D imaging,reflection removal,target detection,and biomedical imaging.Furthermore,we synthetically analyze the input,datasets,and loss functions and list the existing datasets and loss functions with an evaluation of their advantages and disadvantages.We also highlight the significance of data-driven polarimetric imaging in future research and development.展开更多
Here,we report a concise and divergent enantioselective total synthesis of marine sesquiterpene quinone meroterpenoids(+)-dysidavarones A–C(1–3)using predysidavarone 6 as a key common intermediate.The highly straine...Here,we report a concise and divergent enantioselective total synthesis of marine sesquiterpene quinone meroterpenoids(+)-dysidavarones A–C(1–3)using predysidavarone 6 as a key common intermediate.The highly strained and bridged eight-membered carbocycle of predysidavarone 6 was constructed by a one-pot intermolecular alkylation and intramolecular arylation of Wieland–Miescher ketone derivative 11 and benzyl bromide 12.The total synthesis of(+)-dysidavarones A–C(1–3)was achieved from predysidavarone 6 in a divergent manner by a late-stage introduction of the ethoxy group,which reveals the possible source of the ethoxy group within(+)-dysidavarones A–C(1–3)and provides a late-stage modifiable route for the synthesis of dysidavarone analogs for further anti-cancer activity evaluation.展开更多
Disturbance of macrophage-associated lipid metabolism plays a key role in atherosclerosis.Crosstalk between autophagy deficiency and inflammation response in foam cells(FCs) through epigenetic regulation is still poor...Disturbance of macrophage-associated lipid metabolism plays a key role in atherosclerosis.Crosstalk between autophagy deficiency and inflammation response in foam cells(FCs) through epigenetic regulation is still poorly understood. Here, we demonstrate that in macrophages, oxidized lowdensity lipoprotein(ox-LDL) leads to abnormal crosstalk between autophagy and inflammation,thereby causing aberrant lipid metabolism mediated through a dysfunctional transcription factor EB (TFEB)-P300-bromodomain-containing protein 4(BRD4) axis. ox-LDL led to macrophage autophagy deficiency along with TFEB cytoplasmic accumulation and increased reactive oxygen species generation. This activated P300 promoted BRD4 binding on the promoter regions of inflammatory genes, consequently contributing to inflammation with atherogenesis. Particularly, ox-LDL activated BRD4-dependent super-enhancer associated with liquid-liquid phase separation(LLPS) on the regulatory regions of inflammatory genes. Curcumin(Cur) prominently restored FCs autophagy by promoting TFEB nuclear translocation, optimizing lipid catabolism, and reducing inflammation. The consequences of P300 and BRD4 on super-enhancer formation and inflammatory response in FCs could be prevented by Cur. Furthermore, the anti-atherogenesis effect of Cur was inhibited by macrophage-specific Brd4 overexpression or Tfeb knock-out in Apoe knock-out mice via bone marrow transplantation. The findings identify a novel TFEB-P300-BRD4 axis and establish a new epigenetic paradigm by which Cur regulates autophagy, inhibits inflammation, and decreases lipid content.展开更多
Cellular senescence is closely associated with age-related diseases.Ovarian aging,a special type of organ senescence,is the pathophysiological foundation of the diseases of the reproductive system.It is characterized ...Cellular senescence is closely associated with age-related diseases.Ovarian aging,a special type of organ senescence,is the pathophysiological foundation of the diseases of the reproductive system.It is characterized by the loss of integrity of the surface epithelium and a gradual decrease in the number of human ovarian surface epithelial cells(HOSEpiCs).To contribute to the research on delaying ovarian aging,we aimed to investigate the novel epigenetic mechanism of melatonin in protecting HOSEpiCs.We discovered that melatonin has antagonistic effects against the oncogene-induced senescence(OIS)of HOSEpiCs.Mechanistically,the oncogene Ras decreased the expression of YTHDF2,which is the reader of RNA-m6A,by stimulating the generation of reactive oxygen species(ROS).Moreover,we found that the suppression of YTHDF2 increased the expression of MAP2K4 and MAP4K4 by enhancing the stability of the transcription of their mRNAs,thereby upregulating the expression of the senescence-associated secretory phenotype(SASP)through the activation of the MAP2K4 and MAP4K4-dependent nuclear factor-κB(NF-κB)signaling pathways.We further determined that melatonin has antagonistic effects against the OIS of HOSEpiCs by inhibiting the ROS-YTHDF2-MAPK-NF-κB pathway.These findings provide key insights into the potential avenues for preventing and treating ovarian aging.展开更多
Lensless scattering imaging is a prospective approach to microscopy in which a high-resolution image of an object is reconstructed from one or more measured speckle patterns, thus providing a solution in situations wh...Lensless scattering imaging is a prospective approach to microscopy in which a high-resolution image of an object is reconstructed from one or more measured speckle patterns, thus providing a solution in situations where the use of imaging optics is not possible. However, current lensless scattering imaging methods are typically limited by the need for a light source with a narrowband spectrum. Here, we propose two general approaches that enable single-shot lensless scattering imaging under broadband illumination in both noninvasive [without point spread function(PSF) calibration] and invasive(with PSF calibration) modes. The first noninvasive approach is based on a numerical refinement of the broadband pattern in the cepstrum incorporated with a modified phase retrieval strategy. The latter invasive approach is correlation inspired and generalized within a computational optimization framework. Both approaches are experimentally verified using visible radiation with a full-width-at-half-maximum bandwidth as wide as 280 nm(Δλ∕λ = 44.8%) and a speckle contrast ratio as low as 0.0823. Because of its generality and ease of implementation, we expect this method to find widespread applications in ultrafast science,passive sensing, and biomedical applications.展开更多
基金support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.62205259,62075175,61975254,62375212,62005203 and 62105254)the Open Research Fund of CAS Key Laboratory of Space Precision Measurement Technology(No.B022420004)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(No.ZYTS23125).
文摘This study reviews the recent advances in data-driven polarimetric imaging technologies based on a wide range of practical applications.The widespread international research and activity in polarimetric imaging techniques demonstrate their broad applications and interest.Polarization information is increasingly incorporated into convolutional neural networks(CNN)as a supplemental feature of objects to improve performance in computer vision task applications.Polarimetric imaging and deep learning can extract abundant information to address various challenges.Therefore,this article briefly reviews recent developments in data-driven polarimetric imaging,including polarimetric descattering,3D imaging,reflection removal,target detection,and biomedical imaging.Furthermore,we synthetically analyze the input,datasets,and loss functions and list the existing datasets and loss functions with an evaluation of their advantages and disadvantages.We also highlight the significance of data-driven polarimetric imaging in future research and development.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.22171146,21971121,and 22188101 to ZL)the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(No.2021M701775 to CC)。
文摘Here,we report a concise and divergent enantioselective total synthesis of marine sesquiterpene quinone meroterpenoids(+)-dysidavarones A–C(1–3)using predysidavarone 6 as a key common intermediate.The highly strained and bridged eight-membered carbocycle of predysidavarone 6 was constructed by a one-pot intermolecular alkylation and intramolecular arylation of Wieland–Miescher ketone derivative 11 and benzyl bromide 12.The total synthesis of(+)-dysidavarones A–C(1–3)was achieved from predysidavarone 6 in a divergent manner by a late-stage introduction of the ethoxy group,which reveals the possible source of the ethoxy group within(+)-dysidavarones A–C(1–3)and provides a late-stage modifiable route for the synthesis of dysidavarone analogs for further anti-cancer activity evaluation.
基金supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (31771334,81970428 and 81800385)the Key Research Plan of the National Natural Science Foundation of China (81820108002)+6 种基金the Major Research Plan of the National Natural Science Foundation of China (91649125 and 91639204)University Natural Science Research of Jiangsu Province (18KJB310008,China)Jiangsu Province Health and Family Planning Commission Scientific Research Project (H2017011,China)Jiangsu Provincial Medical Youth Talent (QNRC2016432,China)Top Talents Project Foundation of “Six-One Project” for High-level Health Talents of Jiangsu Province (LGY2020055,China)Technology Development Foundation of Nanjing Medical University (2017NJMUZD020,China)supported by the program of special professor of Jiangsu Province,the program of the special medical experts of Jiangsu Province and the program of innovation and entrepreneurship team plan of Jiangsu Province,China。
文摘Disturbance of macrophage-associated lipid metabolism plays a key role in atherosclerosis.Crosstalk between autophagy deficiency and inflammation response in foam cells(FCs) through epigenetic regulation is still poorly understood. Here, we demonstrate that in macrophages, oxidized lowdensity lipoprotein(ox-LDL) leads to abnormal crosstalk between autophagy and inflammation,thereby causing aberrant lipid metabolism mediated through a dysfunctional transcription factor EB (TFEB)-P300-bromodomain-containing protein 4(BRD4) axis. ox-LDL led to macrophage autophagy deficiency along with TFEB cytoplasmic accumulation and increased reactive oxygen species generation. This activated P300 promoted BRD4 binding on the promoter regions of inflammatory genes, consequently contributing to inflammation with atherogenesis. Particularly, ox-LDL activated BRD4-dependent super-enhancer associated with liquid-liquid phase separation(LLPS) on the regulatory regions of inflammatory genes. Curcumin(Cur) prominently restored FCs autophagy by promoting TFEB nuclear translocation, optimizing lipid catabolism, and reducing inflammation. The consequences of P300 and BRD4 on super-enhancer formation and inflammatory response in FCs could be prevented by Cur. Furthermore, the anti-atherogenesis effect of Cur was inhibited by macrophage-specific Brd4 overexpression or Tfeb knock-out in Apoe knock-out mice via bone marrow transplantation. The findings identify a novel TFEB-P300-BRD4 axis and establish a new epigenetic paradigm by which Cur regulates autophagy, inhibits inflammation, and decreases lipid content.
基金This research was supported by grants from National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.31771334,81970428,81670421 and 81800385)Major Research Plan of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.91649125)+3 种基金University Natural Science Research of Jiangsu Province(No.18KJB310008 and 18KJB310010)Jiangsu Province Health and Family Planning Commission Scientific Research Project(No.H2017011)Jiangsu Provincial Medical Youth Talent(No.QNRC2016432)Technology Development Foundation of Nanjing Medical University(No.2017NJMUZD020 and 2017NJMU021).
文摘Cellular senescence is closely associated with age-related diseases.Ovarian aging,a special type of organ senescence,is the pathophysiological foundation of the diseases of the reproductive system.It is characterized by the loss of integrity of the surface epithelium and a gradual decrease in the number of human ovarian surface epithelial cells(HOSEpiCs).To contribute to the research on delaying ovarian aging,we aimed to investigate the novel epigenetic mechanism of melatonin in protecting HOSEpiCs.We discovered that melatonin has antagonistic effects against the oncogene-induced senescence(OIS)of HOSEpiCs.Mechanistically,the oncogene Ras decreased the expression of YTHDF2,which is the reader of RNA-m6A,by stimulating the generation of reactive oxygen species(ROS).Moreover,we found that the suppression of YTHDF2 increased the expression of MAP2K4 and MAP4K4 by enhancing the stability of the transcription of their mRNAs,thereby upregulating the expression of the senescence-associated secretory phenotype(SASP)through the activation of the MAP2K4 and MAP4K4-dependent nuclear factor-κB(NF-κB)signaling pathways.We further determined that melatonin has antagonistic effects against the OIS of HOSEpiCs by inhibiting the ROS-YTHDF2-MAPK-NF-κB pathway.These findings provide key insights into the potential avenues for preventing and treating ovarian aging.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(61975254,62075175)Central University Basic Scientific Research Business Expenses Special Funds(XJS210506,XJS222202)111 Project(B17035)。
文摘Lensless scattering imaging is a prospective approach to microscopy in which a high-resolution image of an object is reconstructed from one or more measured speckle patterns, thus providing a solution in situations where the use of imaging optics is not possible. However, current lensless scattering imaging methods are typically limited by the need for a light source with a narrowband spectrum. Here, we propose two general approaches that enable single-shot lensless scattering imaging under broadband illumination in both noninvasive [without point spread function(PSF) calibration] and invasive(with PSF calibration) modes. The first noninvasive approach is based on a numerical refinement of the broadband pattern in the cepstrum incorporated with a modified phase retrieval strategy. The latter invasive approach is correlation inspired and generalized within a computational optimization framework. Both approaches are experimentally verified using visible radiation with a full-width-at-half-maximum bandwidth as wide as 280 nm(Δλ∕λ = 44.8%) and a speckle contrast ratio as low as 0.0823. Because of its generality and ease of implementation, we expect this method to find widespread applications in ultrafast science,passive sensing, and biomedical applications.