Wind energy as a source of green hydrogen production in the USA

The study incorporates an overview of the green hydrogen-production potential from wind energy in the USA,its application in power generation and the scope of substituting grey and blue hydrogen for industrial usage.Over 10 million metric tons of grey and blue hydrogen is produced in the USA annually to fulfil the industrial demand,whereas,for 1 million metric tons of hydrogen generated,13 million metric tons of CO_(2) are released into the atmosphere.The research aims to provide a state-of-the-art review of the green hydrogen technology value chain and a case study on the production of green hydrogen from an 8-MW wind turbine installed in the southern plain region of Texas.This research estimates that the wind-farm capacity of 130 gigawatt-hours is required to substitute grey and blue hydrogen for fulfilling the current US annual industrial hydrogen demand of 10 million metric tons.The study investi-gates hydrogen-storage methods and the scope of green hydrogen-based storage facilities for energy produced from a wind turbine.This research focuses on the USA’s potential to meet all its industrial and other hydrogen application requirements through green hydrogen.

Design and development of guide vane cascade for a low speed number Francis turbine

Guide vane cascade of a low speed number Francis turbine is developed for the experimental investigations. The test setup is able to produce similar velocity distributions at the runner inlet as that of a reference prototype turbine. Standard analytical methods are used to design the reference turbine. Periodic walls of flow channel between guide vanes are identified as the starting profile for the boundary of the cascade. Two alternative designs with three guide vanes and two guide vanes, without runner, are studied. A new approach, for the hydraulic design and optimization of the cascade test setup layout, is proposed and investigated in details. CFD based optimization methods are used to define the final layout of the test setup. The optimum design is developed as a test setup and experimental validation is done with PIV methods. The optimized design of cascade with one guide vane between two flow channels is found to produce similar flow conditions to that in the runner inlet of a low speed number Francis turbine.

水轮机内部泥沙处理的研究现状

加德满都大学（Ku）是尼？自尔领先的教育机构．在小型水轮机方面拥有十多年的研发经验。加德满都大学与挪威科技大学（NTNU）开展技术合作，进行了一些与水轮机泥沙磨损相关的研究。目前加德满都大学已经开发了一个用于混流式水轮机转轮初步设计和优化设计的新程序。这个程序也可以对比不同设计案例转轮叶片的磨损情况。最终设计可以导出到计算流体动力学（CFD）和流同耦合（FSI）中做进一步分析。通过该程序可以进行参数调查来评估每个设计参数对泥沙磨损的影响。通过CFD二具对几种优化设计进行开发和分析，从而实现最小磨损和最大效率所需要的条件。本文总结了南亚地区水轮机泥沙磨损的问题，同时介绍了加德满都大学水轮机研发和泥沙磨损研究的一些重要成果，并对有效降低混流式水轮机泥沙磨损的优化设计进行了详细的讨论。